The Theory of Naphthidogenesis: A Quantitative Model of the Catagenetic Evolution of Aquatic Organic Matter

—This study discusses the evolution of the composition of dispersed organic matter from the Bazhenov Formation (West Siberian petroleum basin) and the products of its catagenetic transformation on the basis of the balance and kinetic approaches to modeling of the catagenetic transformation of organic matter and its individual components, primarily kerogen. The results show that the variations in the elemental composition of kerogen and the extent of generation of both hydrocarbons and nonhydrocarbons can be quantitatively described using a simplified kinetic model. Preliminary estimates of the model parameters are given for the averaged Bazhenov-type kerogen. It is shown that numerical modeling of the catagenetic transformation of dispersed organic matter confirms the validity of the recognition of the main phase (zone) of oil generation and the main phase (zone) of gas generation.

Application of Fluid Inclusions to Petroleum Basin Recognition—A Case Study from Poland

Fluid inclusions were studied in rocks from different wells from the Barnówko–Mostno–Buszewo (BMB), the largest oil field in Poland and from the Lubiatów field. Sampling was performed at depths between about 3120–3220 m and 3221–3256 m, respectively. Different minerals (dolomite, calcite, anhydrite, quartz) reveal the presence of aqueous (AQFI) and hydrocarbon (HCFI) inclusions, the differentiation of which was checked by UV fluorescence and microthermometry. Inclusions occur in different abundances and are of variable character. The microthermometric studies of fluid inclusions resulted in the determination of temperatures of eutectic melting, ice melting, and homogenization. Based on the results obtained, three types of inclusions have been found. Two-phase non-fluorescent inclusions (AQFI) contain brines of differentiated salinity (from about 6 to 10 and from about 17 to 22 wt% NaCl equivalent). Two-phase fluorescent inclusions (HCFI 1) contain light mature oil of paraffin character. The oil is characterized by API gravity of about 41–42 degrees. Small one-phase non-fluorescent inclusions (HCFI 2) that homogenize in deep freezing contain methane with admixtures. The abundance of inclusions varies, depending on the mineral or well. They have been discussed in the context of hydrocarbon migration and accumulation.

Diffraction imaging for basement fault-fracture prediction: Application to an oil field in Cuu Long basin

Improvement to the image of fractured granite basements is among the most sought-after goals for processing seismic data in Cuu Long basin, the most proliferous petroleum basin. Unlike a clear layering structure of the sediment, fuzzy images of the granite basement are often the source of confusion for interpreters to identify which structures are presented inside it. In such a low signal to noise ration (SNR) environment, extracting geological information such as fault systems and fracture becomes challenging. In this study, diffraction imaging is employed in an effort to identify and enhance the fault system inside the basement. The comparison of the study result with various standard post-stack attribute approaches shows the effectiveness of the diffraction imaging method.

Diffraction imaging for basement fault-fracture prediction: Application to an oil field in Cuu Long basin

Improvement to the image of fractured granite basements is among the most sought-after goals for processing seismic data in Cuu Long basin, the most proliferous petroleum basin. Unlike a clear layering structure of the sediment, fuzzy images of the granite basement are often the source of confusion for interpreters to identify which structures are presented inside it. In such a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) environment, extracting geological information such as fault systems and fracture becomes challenging. In this study, diffraction imaging is employed in an effort to identify and enhance the fault system inside the basement. The comparison of the study result with various standard post-stack attribute approaches shows the effectiveness of the diffraction imaging method.