Non-Line of Sight LoRa –Based Localization using RSSI-Kalman-Filter and Trilateration

<span>The method that analyzes in this research is the combination of the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) with the Trilateration Method. This research also filtered the RSSI value using the Kalman filter method for smoothing data. The localization system traditionally based on Global Positioning System (GPS) device. However, GPS technology not working well in Non-line-of-sight (NLOS) like an indoor location or mountain area. The other way to implement the localization system is by using LoRa technology. This technology used radio frequency to communicate with each other node. The radiofrequency has a measurement value in the form of signal strength. These parameters, when combined with the trilateration method, can be used as a localization system. After implementation and testing, the system can work well compared with the GPS system for localization. RMSE is used to calculate error distance on these methods, the result from three methods used, the value from RSSI with Kalman filter have a close result to actual position, then value GPS follows with close result from Kalman filter, and the last one is RSSI without Kalman filter.</span>

Analysis and Design of Systematic Rateless Codes in FH/BFSK System with Interference

The asymptotic analysis of systematic rateless codes in frequency hopping (FH) systems with interference is first provided using discretized density evolution (DDE) and compared with the traditional fixed-rate scheme. A simplified analysis with Gaussian assumption of initial message is proposed in the worst case of interference, which has much lower complexity and provides a very close result to DDE. Based on this simplified analysis, the linear programming is employed to design rateless codes and the simulation results on partial-band interference channels show that the optimized codes have more powerful antijamming performance than the codes originally designed for conventional systems.

Malawi set for closely contested polls

Significance Mutharika and the DPP are facing a strengthened opposition front, with former President Joyce Banda (2012-14) and her People’s Party (PP) formally entering into an alliance with the main opposition Malawi Congress Party (MCP) and their leader Lazarus Chekwera. The newer United Transformation Movement (UTM), led by Vice-President Saulos Chilima, is also set to be competitive. Impacts Despite cases of intimidation and politically related violence, the elections are likely to be largely peaceful. Post-poll revelations of more government overspends could see a further deterioration in donor relations. A close result in either the presidential or legislative polls will likely result in fraud accusations by the losing candidate or party. The rollout of a contentious land reform bill could cost the government support at the polls.

India’s election will see patchwork opposition to Modi

Significance Ahead of the poll, Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) has been consolidating its National Democratic Alliance (NDA). While the main opposition Congress party heads a United Progressive Alliance (UPA), a much-anticipated ‘Federal Front’ involving other opposition parties, and possibly the UPA, is yet to materialise. Impacts The BJP will play on India's recent military action targeting Pakistan-based militants, believing this improves its poll chances. Congress will attack Modi over jobless growth and farmer hardship, hoping to capitalise on signs of anger towards the prime minister. The election will see contention over electronic voting machines, with disputation likely to intensify in the event of a close result.

A Model of Transinet Response of Semiconductor GAS Sensor Considering Temperature Dependency of Carrer Mobility

A model of transient response of semiconductor gas sensor was improved by considering temperature dependency of carrier mobility in SnO2 gas sensor. The model is useful for analysis of transient response of the sensor. Improvements of accuracy of the model have been desired to express the difference of the calculated sensor outputs between the kinds of gases for classifying the kind of gases. The model which considers the temperature dependency of carrier mobility has been newly constructed. The sensor output calculated by new model was a close result by the experiment. Gas classification will be realized by using the model together with activation energy dependence of the sensor output.

Responsible Party Government and Stable Coalition: The Case of the German Federal Republic

The paper examines the internal stability of the S.P.D.–F.D.P. coalition which has governed the Federal Republic since 1969 and in particular the way in which foreign policy determined relations between government and opposition between 1969 and 1972. It also examines the ideological divisions within the S.P.D. and C.D.U./C.S.U., their exacerbation by the close result of the 1976 election and the effect this could have on further developments. It concludes that the ‘stable coalition’ in power since 1969, even if it fails to last its full term, is an important variant in the recognized typology of governments, and therefore of interest to the student of comparative government.

On Defining Voter Rationality and Deducing a Model of Party Competition

One problem to which we must address ourselves before constructing any deductive model of voting behaviour is why people vote at all. On the face of it at least, this seems to be a stumbling block, given the theoretical problem that, compared with the costs of voting, the benefits to be expected are very small; and given the empirical problem that large numbers of people turn out to vote when they cannot possibly hope to influence the result, while others stay at home on the few occasions when a close result is expected. The most common attempted solution amounts to saying that people like voting, or at least that they feel guilty about not voting. This solution can be traced from the early work of Downs to the more recent and rigorous analyses of Riker and Ordeshook. Motives such as citizen duty, the satisfaction of belonging to a democracy, the satisfaction of supporting a particular party, and so on, are ascribed to voters. Each voter is then assumed to conduct a ‘calculus of voting’ in which he or she weighs up these benefits against any inconvenience involved in going to the polling booth. For many the net effect will be positive and voting will therefore be rational.