Study of the relationship between indicators of vitality and character traits among students of a pedagogical university (gender aspect)

В статье освящается исследование взаимосвязи между показателями жизнеспособности и свойствами характера у студентов первого курса педагогического университета. Современные требования к профессиональным качествам личности педагога предопределяют необходимость рассмотрения личностных коррелятов жизнеспособности будущих учителей. Автором раскрывается сущность жизнеспособности, и ее взаимосвязи с регулятивными, коммуникативными, интеллектуальными и эмоциональными компонентами характера студентов разного пола. Раскрыты личностные корреляторы жизнеспособности у первокурсниц эмоциональная стабильность, высокая нормативность поведения, а у юношей – общительность, умеренная подозрительность, эмоциональная стабильность, высокий самоконтроль. Жизнеспособность девушек снижают такие свойства характера как напряженность, беспокойство, высокая тревожность, конформность, а у юношей – напряженность и высокая тревожность. Полученные результаты личностных коррелятов жизнеспособности могут быть применены в психолого-педагогическом сопровождении процесса профессионального обучения студентов. Статья предназначена для студентов психолого-педагогических специальностей. The article discusses the study of the relationship between indicators of vitality and character traits in first-year students of the Pedagogical University. Modern requirements for the professional qualities of a teacher's personality predetermine the need to consider the personal correlates of the viability of future teachers. The author reveals the essence of vitality, and its relationship with the regulatory, communicative, intellectual and emotional components of the character of students of different genders. The personal correlators of vitality were revealed in freshmen, emotional stability, high normality of behavior, and in young men - sociability, moderate suspicion, emotional stability, high self-control. The vitality of girls is reduced by such character traits as tension, anxiety, high anxiety, conformity, and in boys - tension and high anxiety. The obtained results of personality correlates of vitality can be applied in psychological and pedagogical support of the process of vocational training of students. The article is intended for students of psychological and pedagogical specialties.

Personality Correlates of Gaming and Pornography Use

Internet use has become a prominent part of everyday life, with some individuals using the internet as a tool and others for entertainment. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether individuals with certain personality traits are more likely to engage in excessive internet use behaviors.

Win At Any Cost: Examining Personality Correlates of Achievement in Adolescent Athletes

Achievement in sports is often attributed to being highly competitive or doing “whatever it takes” to win as opposed to being agreeable. The current consensus is that these traits, manifested as hypercompetitiveness, Machiavellianism, and agreeableness, tend to be highly related within adult populations and athletes. Machiavellianism, the “whatever it takes' ' attribute and hypercompetitiveness have been found to be positively correlated with one another while both are negatively correlated with agreeableness. Previous studies have failed to examine the same phenomenon in individual-sport adolescent athlete populations, in addition to how these trends may influence athletic achievement. In this study, a random sampling of an adolescent athlete population was given a battery of personality scales: The Hypercompetitive Attitude Scale, the MACH-IV, and an IPIP Agreeableness Measure. The participants’ highest national rankings in their sport were also examined. Previous findings in adult populations were replicated in this study, as Machiavellianism and hypercompetitiveness were found to have a strong negative correlation with agreeableness(r= -0.678, p= 0.000039, and r= -0.690, p= 0.000025, respectively). Machiavellianism displayed a moderate, positive correlation with hypercompetitiveness(r= 0.496, p= 0.005312). However, the differences in Machiavellianism and hypercompetitiveness between those who had achieved a rank of at least top 15 in the country and other participants were not found to be statistically significant. These results show that athletic achievement in adolescents was not significantly affected by the personality traits of Machiavellianism and hypercompetitiveness. Additional research is needed to discover what personality traits constitute a champion.

Tendency to laugh is a stable trait: Findings from a round-robin conversation study

Is the tendency to laugh a stable trait? What does the amount of laughter tell us about the personality and state of the producer, and how does their laughter influence the people around them? To answer these questions, we used a round-robin design where participants (N=66) engaged in 10 different conversations with 10 same-gender strangers. This design allowed us to determine state- and trait-level differences in how much people laugh and to isolate different sources of variability in the amount of laughter per conversation. More than half of the variability in the amount a person laughs is attributable to individual differences. This tendency to laugh negatively predicts conversation enjoyment. A smaller amount of variability in the amount people laugh is due to qualities of their conversation partners. Partners who tend to elicit others’ laughter are perceived as more relatable. We examined the personality correlates of laughter and found that less intellectual and less empathically-concerned participants (i.e., nonserious participants) produced and elicited more laughter. In summary, how much a person laughs is not a straightforward function of enjoyment. Instead, it is a behavioral trait associated with being perceived as relatable, supporting laughters’ proposed function of conveying harmless, nonserious intentions.

The Relationship Between Valence and Chills in Music: A Corpus Analysis

Chills experienced in response to music listening have been linked to both happiness and sadness expressed by music. To investigate these conflicting effects of valence on chills, we conducted a computational analysis on a corpus of 988 tracks previously reported to elicit chills, by comparing them with a control set of tracks matched by artist, duration, and popularity. We analysed track-level audio features obtained with the Spotify Web API across the two sets of tracks, resulting in confirmatory findings that tracks which cause chills were sadder than matched tracks and exploratory findings that they were also slower, less intense, and more instrumental than matched tracks on average. We also found that the audio characteristics of chills tracks were related to the direction and magnitude of the difference in valence between the two sets of tracks. We discuss these results in light of the current literature on valence and chills in music, provide a new interpretation in terms of personality correlates of musical preference, and review the advantages and limitations of our computational approach.