New Coleoptera records from eastern Canada, with additions to the fauna of Manitoba, British Columbia, and Yukon Territory

One-hundred-eleven new provincial and territorial Coleoptera records are reported from New Brunswick (64), Nova Scotia (20), Prince Edward Island (5), Quebec (14), Manitoba (3), British Columbia (3), and Yukon Territory (2) for the 26 following families: Carabidae, Dytiscidae, Histeridae, Staphylinidae, Scarabaeidae, Buprestidae, Eucnemidae, Elateridae, Cantharidae, Erotylidae, Monotomidae, Cryptophagidae, Passandridae (first record of this family from New Brunswick), Laemophloeidae, Nitidulidae, Anamorphidae, Coccinellidae, Latridiidae, Mordellidae, Tenebrionidae, Cerambycidae, Chrysomelidae, Anthribidae, Brentidae, Dryophthoridae, and Curculionidae. Among these are ten new Canadian records: Heterosternuta oppositus (Say, 1823) (Dytiscidae) (New Brunswick), Gyrophaena blatchleyi Seevers, 1951 (Staphylinidae) (Quebec), Acropteroxys lecontei Crotch, 1873 (Erotylidae) (Manitoba), Placonotus falinorum Thomas, 2011 (Laemophloeidae) (Quebec), Adelina pallida (Say, 1824) (Tenebrionidae) (Quebec), Poecilocera harrisii (J.L. LeConte, 1851) (Chrysomelidae) (New Brunswick), Plesiobaris albilata (LeConte, 1876) (Curculionidae) (Quebec, New Brunswick), Pseudopityophthorus asperulus (LeConte, 1868) (Curculionidae) (Nova Scotia), Hylurgops palliatus (Gyllenhal, 1813) (Curculionidae) (New Brunswick), and Heteroborips seriatus (Blandford, 1894) (Curculionidae) (Nova Scotia). Plesiobaris disjuncta Casey reported as new for Canada in New Brunswick and Quebec by Webster et al. (2012a) is actually P. albilata (LeConte) and thus P. disjuncta is removed from the faunal list of Canada. Eleven species from New Brunswick not previously reported in literature were found on the online platforms BugGuide.Net and iNaturalist and are reported in this publication. This highlights the importance of online platforms dedicated to recording wildlife observations and citizen science in detecting new species records. Data is also presented for seven species from Quebec and two species from New Brunswick reported by Bousquet et al. (2013) without any supporting information for their occurrence in these provinces. Among the species reported here, 32 are adventive.

Development of cambioxylophagous insect fauna on blue spruce after chemical thinning

Chemical thinning performed in stands of blue spruce (Picea pungens) in air-polluted areas of the Ore Mountains does not pose a significant threat of sub-bark pest outbreaks. Application of the herbicide Roundup in autumn and in spring caused dieback of the treated trees where mainly Hylurgops palliatus became active and completed its development. Pests Ips amitinus and Pityogenes chalcographus died mostly at larval stage, despite their high abundance. Cryphalus abietis completed its development only on thicker branches and was not able to occupy tops of trees due to fast dieback of phloem. Quality of phloem was strongly affected by the speed of defoliation.

Spruce windfalls and cambioxylophagous fauna in an area with the basic and outbreak state of Ips typographus

In spruce windfalls incurred in the autumn and winter season the synusia of cambioxylophagous fauna was evaluated in the profile of a whole stem and crown branches according to the species spectrum, tree cover and intensity of attack. The fauna of windfalls in the area with the basic level of Ips typographus  and in the gradation area differed by species diversity. In the gradation area, frequency of the occurrence of Ips typographus (L.) was higher by 20–40%. P. chalcographus (L.) showed decreased stem cover in the gradation area. In the area with the basic state of Ips typographus, windfalls were intensively colonized by secondary species Hylurgops palliatus (Gyll.), Isarthron fuscum (Fabr.), Monochamus sp. With the increasing dbh (diameter at breast height) of windfalls the colonization of stems by Ips typographus was positively affected, H. palliatus, I. fuscum, Polygraphus poligraphus (L.) responded the other way round.

Mycobiota associated with Hylurgops palliatus (Gyll.) on Pinus sylvestris L. in Poland

The assemblage and abundance of fungal species associated with <em>Hylurgops palliatus</em> on <em>Pinus sylvestris</em>, were studied in Poland. Fungi were isolated from beetles of <em>H. palliatus</em> and their galleries collected from three populations. In total, 1832 fungal isolates, including 38 species, were obtained. The most important group of fungi were the ophiostomatoid fungi. Among the seven species of ophiostomatoid fungi isolated, <em>Leptographium lundbergii</em> and an unknown species of <em>Graphium</em> sp. code-named "W" were the dominant species. <em>Ophiostoma minus</em> and <em>O. piceae</em> were also relatively common. All ophiostomatoid species, except <em>L. lundbergii</em> occurred more frequently on the overwintered adults than in gallery systems. <em>Ophiostoma minus</em> and <em>O. piliferum</em> are documented here as new associates of <em>H. palliatus</em>.

Chemical thinning in blue spruce (Picea pungens Engelm.) stands and its effects on cambioxylophagous fauna

Chemical thinning was applied in blue spruce (Picea pungens Engelm.) stands by the application of Roundup Klasik and Garlon 4 EC. The thinning efficacy of Garlon 4 EC was negligible, while that of Roundup Klasik reached nearly 100% when the full strength concentration was applied in quantities of 1 ml per 10 cm of stem girth using the method of drilling holes for the arboricide injection. Treated blue spruce trees died within 6 month after application. No difference was found in the response of silver and green varieties of blue spruce to the application of arboricides. Several species of cambioxylophages colonizing blue spruce were killed by Roundup. The economically insignificant Hylurgops palliatus (Gyll) was the most abundant negatively affected insect species found on the stem, followed by significant pests such as Ips amitinus (Eichh.) and Pityogenes chalcographus (L.). In these species, partial mortality of larvae was probably caused by the lowered quality of phloem. A significant mortality of Cryphalus abietis (Ratz.) was noted on branches.

Cambioxylophagous fauna of young spruce stands damaged by snow in the Beskids

In 25 to 40-years-old stands damaged by snow in the Beskids, the fauna of cambioxylophages was analyzed both on standing breaks and lying break-off stems. Breaks are characterized by the gradually drying phloem, watered phloem and secondary fauna (<i>Hylurgops palliatus, Hylocoetes dermestoides, Dryocoetes</i> sp., <i>Monochamu</i> sp.), which does not represent any danger to spruce stands. The phloem on lying breaks withered and died till the end of the growing season. The competing species <I>Pityogenes chalcographus</I> (L.) (46–52% cov-er) and species of the genus <I>Dryocoetes</i> (20% cover) colonized the breaks in particular. The upper and the lower side of the lying breaks-off differ in the intensity of attack and the degree of cover of these species. In young broken and open stands with the unprocessed wood of lying breaks-off there occurs a risk of the creation of bark beetle circles in the subsequent year after the damage.

Exotic bark- and wood-boring Coleoptera in the United States: recent establishments and interceptions

Summary data are given for the 25 new species of exotic bark- and wood-boring Coleoptera first reported in the continental United States between 1985 and 2005, including 2 Buprestidae (Agrilus planipennis and Agrilus prionurus), 5 Cerambycidae (Anoplophora glabripennis, Callidiellum rufipenne, Phoracantha recurva, Sybra alternans, and Tetrops praeusta), and 18 Scolytidae (Ambrosiodmus lewisi, Euwallacea fornicatus, Hylastes opacus, Hylurgops palliatus, Hylurgus ligniperda, Orthotomicus erosus, Phloeosinus armatus, Pityogenes bidentatus, Scolytus schevyrewi, Tomicus piniperda, Xyleborinus alni, Xyleborus atratus, Xyleborus glabratus, Xyleborus pelliculosus, Xyleborus pfeilii, Xyleborus seriatus, Xyleborus similis, and Xylosandrus mutilatus). In addition, summary interception data are presented for the wood-associated beetles in the families Bostrichidae, Buprestidae, Cerambycidae, Curculionidae, Lyctidae, Platypodidae, and Scolytidae, based on the USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service "Port Information Network" database for plant pests intercepted at US ports of entry from 1985 to 2000. Wood-associated insects were most often intercepted on crating, followed by dunnage and pallets. The five imported products most often associated with these 8341 interceptions were tiles, machinery, marble, steel, and ironware. A significantly higher proportion of the most frequently intercepted true bark beetles have become established in the United States compared with the less frequently intercepted species.