The Phenomenon of Culture in the Philosophy of the French Enlightenment

The most relevant features of the French Enlightenment are studied in the article. One of the features is ambivalence, that was expressed in most of the theoretical judgments by representatives of the era. The main ideas of the French Enlightenment are presented through the prism of the historical formation of the basic concepts: nature, human brain, culture. It is emphasized that the main achievement of the enlighteners in the cultural reformation of society was to combat religious and moral prejudices. It is noted that the value of enlighteners is in their innovative attempt to create a progressive model of cultural development based on a naturalistic and mechanical and deterministic picture of the world. The philosophical and cultural analysis revealed the internal dynamics of the enlighteners' ideas from civilizational optimism to criticism of civilizational progress. It is concluded that the philosophical and theoretical legacy of the Enlightenment, in the framework of the development of a single paradigm, is integral, logical and actually complete, that made the most use of its methodological and heuristic potential.

Effect of Low-Molecular Fraction of Fish Peptide Albutrisan-NR on In Vitro Neurogenesis

The effect of the Albutrisan-NR substrate on the differentiation of the primary brain culture of aging rats and on the culture of the rabbit vibrissa dermal papilla was studied. The substance is a hydrolysate of fish tissue with a molecular weight of up to 5 kDa. It was found that adding 2% of the substance to the culture medium stimulates the growth and differentiation processes in rat brain cells. The possibility of using the substance as a growth factor for 3D cultivation of pluripotent dermal papilla cells and maintaining an uncommitted state was demonstrated. The use of Albutrisan-NR as a trophic factor in neuronal induction of dermal papilla cells was also shown.

Kantian Motives in Neuroscience

Review: Valentin A. Bazhanov, Brain — Culture — Society: Kantian Programme in Cognitive Science. Moscow: Kanon+ ROOI “Reabilitatsiya”, 2019, 288 pp.