Fruitfulness of Solar Technology

This book delineated the contemporary upshots of the fossil fuel's feebleness and renewable energy's splendid face. Solar technology occupied a trump card position.Fossil fuels caused global warming, ozone depletion,climate change, health defects to the living organisms and environmental hazards .Because of the stumbling block and downside of the fossil fuels, we have to increase the usage of renewable energy.By dint of getting know about the significance of renewable energy, many environmental activists and scientists are set in motion to launch the renewable energy scheme.

Taking Constitutionalization Seriously: European IP Law, Weak Fundamental Rights and the Network of Courts

A set of three recent decisions delivered by the CJEU – Spiegel Online,1Pelham2 and Funke Medien3 – deepens the widespread interpretation of European IP law through the lenses of constitutionalization. While there is no unitary understanding of constitutionalization, many scholars associate it with the growing influence of fundamental rights on European IP law – both within and beyond the statutory body. In fact, the case law provides plenty of evidence on how the Charter of Fundamental Rights and proportionality – its central method – is deployed to steer the implementation of EU law by domestic courts. However, as the said decisions also show, there are still a lot of questions and frustration. While we have to acknowledge that the CJEU takes fundamental rights into account when interpreting IP law, some critics see deficits when the Court strictly rejects the idea of external limitations on exclusive copyrights. European fundamental rights are – obviously – not a trump card. This article aims to clarify some misleading aspirations by re-examining both the idea of constitutionalization and its impact on European IP law. It will argue that weak or evasive fundamental rights are not necessarily a sign of deficient constitutionalization, they might rather be the consequence thereof.

“The people want it”

This article reflects on the reasonableness of populist arguments supporting a prescriptive standpoint in the context of deliberation (which I call ‘deliberative’ populist arguments). A literature survey shows a divide between authors who claim that populist arguments are always fallacious and those who think that in some situations they can be reasonable, including the context of political deliberation. It is then argued that deliberative populist arguments are based on a linking premise that appeals to majority opinion as a principle of democracy. This linking premise differs from the one underlying the traditional interpretation of a fallacious populist argument (argumentum ad populum) and appears at first sight to make the argument reasonable. However, I conclude that a deliberative populist argument is also unreasonable, because it acts merely as a trump card, creating a false impression about democracy and avoiding engagement in real debate and substantive reasons.

Understanding AI governance in Confucian contexts

AI governance in Confucian contexts is an underresearched area, especially when it comes to the private sector. Given the growing economic and military power of China, and how AI has been considered as the “trump card strategy” by the Chinese government, researchers have little choice but to understand the cultural nuances that influence AI governance discourses.