Kárpátaljai magyar pedagógusok és tanítványaik metanyelvi ismereteiről

On the metalanguage knowledge of Hungarian teachers and their students in Subcarpathia Several surveys verified it in the past years that the language dialect attitude of ethnic Hungarian students and teachers in Subcarpathia changed in a positive di-rection. Despite these developments they still could not entirely discard their nega-tive preconceptions many of them have developed against the non-standard vari-ants of the Hungarian language. In the present study I analyze the data from two questionnaire surveys I conducted in 2018 among students and teachers. From the analysis it becomes clear that the knowledge of the group about language variants is still lacking, resulting in controversies, often inconsistencies which can be ob-served in their expressions related to language dialects and the ones speaking such dialects. Keywords: language dialect knowledge, positive attitude, Hungarian students in Subcarpathia, Hungarian teachers in Subcarpathia

A Pécsváradi oklevél helyneveinek szövegkörnyezete

The Textual Context of Toponyms in the Charter of Pécsvárad The Charter of Pécsvárad (+1015/+1158 [1220 k.]/1323/1403/PR.) is a charter of an uncertain chronological status that has survived after multiple copies from the 15th century and prior to the creation of the 13th-century forged charter, a char-ter was probably issued for the Abbey of Pécsvárad also in the age of King St. Ste-phen. The founding charter includes approximately 140 indications of places and my paper examines the textual context of these. When analyzing names with a desig-nating word and a Latin geographical common noun and toponyms without it, we have identified solutions in the charters that differ from processes deemed regular later on. This includes, for example, the presence of incomplete structures with a designating word without a main component or the lack of name occurrences of the Latin geographical common noun + Hungarian toponym type. Based on the exploration of the context of toponyms in the charter, it seems cer-tain that the more extensive issuing of charters also influenced the way how proper names were recorded in the text. With time, the large number of insertions without a structure seen in the Charter of Pécsvárad are replaced by the increasing use of designating words or Latin geographical common nouns, thus the “poor” textual context of the Founding Charter of Pécsvárad indicates recording in the 11th centu-ry. Keywords: 11th-century charters, charters with an uncertain chronological sta-tus, Latin context, toponyms, norms of charter writing

A természeti környezetre utaló településnevek kronológiai viszonyai

Chronological Features of Settlement Names Referring to the Natural Environment In this paper I examine the chronological features of settlement names referring to the natural environment. My objective is to find out when and in what propor-tion this name type and its structural categories (names without a formant, single-component and two-component names) appeared in sources from the Old Hungari-an Era and how their frequency changed during the centuries. My findings based on the relative chronological analysis are compared with the chronological features of the settlement names referring to people. For this comparative study, I chose a sub-category of names referring to the human environment, the type of settlement names formed from the names of social groups (ethnonyms, names of tribes, and occupational names). Keywords: toponyms from the early Old Hungarian Era, settlement names referring to the natural environment, frequency, relative chronology, comparative studies

A Szepes vármegyére vonatkozó középkori oklevelek filológiai tanulságai

Philological Findings from the Historical Linguistic Study of Medieval Charters from Szepes County My paper introduces the philological findings derived from the linguistic analy-sis of medieval charters for Szepes County. During the discussion of various fac-tors, my ultimate objective is to find out how the proper name data of the charters may be used for the purposes of research in historical linguistics and onomastics. Although the observations and hypotheses are based on the study of sources from Szepes specifically, I believe that the issues addressed in my paper also carry broader relevance and thus may be used both when interpreting remnants of char-ters and in the process of historical linguistic research based on these. Keywords: Szepes County, medieval charters, linguistic prestige, Latinization

A nyelvi metonímia körülhatárolásának lehetőségei

The possibilities of delimiting linguistic metonymy The starting point of present paper is that the broad notion of conceptual me-tonymy runs the risk of becoming vacuous. In order to avoid this risk, I propose a narrower notion of linguistic metonymy, according to which linguistic metonymies co-active a referential complex consisting of the target and the source content, as well as the relationship between the two so that only the source content is ex-pressed linguistically in an explicit form. Furthermore, I try to show how this nar-rower notion may prove to be helpful in delimiting linguistic metonymy against related phenomena, in particular against active zone phenomena and linguistic metaphors. Keywords: metonymy, linguistic metonymy, conceptual metonymy, active zones, metaphor, implicitness, activation

Böszörményi zsiványnyelvi szójegyzékek

Glossaries of Outlaw Language from Böszörmény The earliest authentic records of Hungarian cant are represented by glossaries dated from the final third of the 18th century, compiled in the process of criminal lawsuits against market thieves in Miskolc, Eger and [Hajdú]Böszörmény. The first glossary from Böszörmény was made in 1776 with its handwritten and print versions made in 1782. This paper is the first collective, philologically-reliable publication of the Böször- mény glossaries, which also introduces additional information related to these glossa- ries. Keywords: outlaw language, cant, market thieves, linguistic record, glossary, Böszörmény