Neonatal Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (Nrds) Secondary to Sars-Cov-2 Virus- Beneficial Role of Surfactant

We describe a preterm neonate with SARS-CoV-2-related neonatal acute respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) in the second week of life with apneas and progressed to severe pulmonary disease requiring mechanical ventilation. He was administered surfactant therapy along with the other supportive care and had successful outcome. A recognition that these high-risk neonates could deteriorate, and as long as we do not have specific antiviral therapies against SARS-CoV-2, early patho-physiology based supportive therapy is the mainstay to prevent the progression of pulmonary failure, the most common cause of COVID-19 mortality. .

Survey on the Awareness of Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease in the Japanese General Public

Background: In Japan, people are typically aware of tuberculosis (TB) as a respiratory infection, but awareness of nontuberculous mycobacteriosis is lacking. In 2014, the estimated incidence of nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) in Japan exceeded that of TB. Furthermore, the risk of infection is increasing because of the lack of public awareness regarding the high incidence of NTM-PD. The purpose of this study was to determine and raise the public awareness of NTM-PD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) in Japan. Methods: A questionnaire survey was administered to 845 subjects who participated in and consented to a pulmonary age measurement event in Tokyo, Japan. The questions included items related to age, sex, smoking history, previous lung age measurement experience, and assessment of awareness of respiratory diseases such as NTM-PD and COPD, and PR awareness. Results: Awareness of NTM-PD was significantly lower (5.9%) than that of other diseases and independently of age. Of the subjects questioned, 10.3% had experienced PR and 18.6% were aware about PR. Those individuals who were aware of lung age measurement, PR, and other respiratory diseases were more likely to be aware of NTM-PD than those who were unaware. Conclusions: The general public is largely unaware of NTM-PD, regardless of age. In the future, more proactive educational activities targeting a wide range of age groups through different events such as lung age measurement are needed.