The aim of this chapter is to introduce the concept of “arrogance” in the psychological, sociological, and managerial field. The authors explore the origins and advance some definitions of arrogance. The relationship between this latter concept and its correlates (e.g., narcissism, hubris, self-confidence) are introduced and explained. The history of the organizational performance, its components, and the relationship between its three dimensions—culture, structure, and individuals and their behaviors—are empirically studied in the Tunisian agro-food industry. Moreover, this chapter is considered as a conceptual one necessary to the understanding of “workplace arrogance” and its implications on competitive advantage and organizational performance.