Female Bioengineering: Primordial Germ Cell Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells onto Placental Scaffolds

Introduction: Female infertility is a condition that is currently treated through the maximization of existing reserves; a necessity due to the fact that a true reversal of the processes leading to infertility is not yet technologically possible. This experiment examined the ability of mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate into primordial germ cells (PGC) when cultured onto the placental scaffold. Methods: To produce the scaffolds, the cotelydons were collected and decellularized by umbilical vessel SDS perfusion. Adipose derived cells were isolated based on rapid adherence to the plastic. Results: The isolated cells displayed the markers CD90 and 105, while lacked CD34 and CD45. When seeded onto the scaffold, the cells successfully differentiated into PGC like cells, displaying typical PGCs markers, including STELLA, OCT4, DAZL and VASA. Discussion: These materials were chosen for their low cost and wide availability. The data in this study show the promising potential of cell-scaffold complex to support the development of female tissue engineering-based regenerative medicine therapies.

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and How Temperature Modifies Nucleotide Pairings

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a molecular technique more suitable for accurate diagnoses because of its specificity in targeting and identifying specific pathogens. PCR technique is reliable to detect the genetic presence of the virus in the host since the very beginning of the infection, no matter how the immune system of the person might react. Moreover, the samples for the test contains the DNA information during quite a long time since the extraction. Programmable thermal operation cycler for controlling heating and cooling is the procedure to denaturation into two single strands, annealing and extension reactions of the DNA. The PCR is certainly having a clinical approach, because do not emphasized on how the immune system of the patient might reacts to the infection, only on whether the specific virus is present or not for the accurate diagnoses and subsequently proceed with an appropriated medical treatment to restore health.