Agroclimatic conditions of the Osijek area during referent (1961–1990) and recent (1991–2018) climate periods

One highly important segment of agricultural production is the agroecological condition of a given area, including climatic conditions, which have been changing recently. Croatia belongs to a climate zone also known as a climate hot spot, characterised by a pronounced sensitivity to climate change. In order to determine if the climate has changed in the Osijek area, climatic elements and agroclimatic indicators were analysed for a referent period (1961∑1990) and a recent period (1991∑2018). The analysis shows that the climate has changed in the recent period as compared to the referent period. The identified climate changes manifest in higher mean air temperatures, higher precipitation amount, increased actual evapotranspiration and prolonged vegetation periods in the recent period. Furthermore, hydrothermal condition analysis shows that the ten warmest years and vegetation periods in the studied 58-year period were within the past 26 years. Due to the identified climate change and the assumption that the climate will continue to change in the future, adaptation and mitigation measures will have to be applied in agricultural production. For a more reliable assessment of agroclimatic conditions at certain area, it is recommended to analyse other climatic elements as well, such as the number of consecutive dry or rainy days above the critical precipitation threshold, wind, solar radiation, insolation, etc.

Human-biometeorological assessment of Kharkiv (Ukraine) in the summer season

The objective of this research is to assess the bioclimate of the city of Kharkiv in the summer season using the human thermal index of physiologically equivalent temperature (PET). The RayMan model has been used to obtain PET values. The results suggest that most days in Kharkiv during the summer are characterized by heat stress of various intensity 65.7% in June, 84.6% in July, 77.1% in August. The average frequency of comfortable weather is very low, varying from 12.6 to 25%. During heat waves, the frequency of days in Kharkiv with heat stress increases significantly, amounting to 96.3%. The results of the Kharkiv bioclimate assessment using PET may be used to create measures for heat adaptation and develop infrastructure for recreation and tourism in the city during hot periods.

Surface downwelling shortwave radiation flux projections for 2021‒2050 in Morocco according to CORDEX-Africa regional climate models

The article considers the results of an estimation of the shortwave radiation flux at the surface in Morocco from 2021-2050. Average monthly values of shortwave radiation coming to the underlying surface (Surface Downwelling Shortwave Radiation, RSDS), calculated using 11 regional climate models of the CORDEX-Africa project, were used as input data. The model calculation was performed assuming a greenhouse gas concentration scenario of RCP4.5. The aim of the work is to determine the characteristics of the distribution of shortwave radiation over the territory of Morocco from 2021-2050 and to identify areas with favourable conditions for developing solar energy in the near future. The results of an analysis of annual RSDS values in the vicinity of the solar power station in Ouarzazate in 2021-2050 are also presented.

Odstupanja u meteorološkom nazivlju

U radu je prezentirano prikupljeno meteorološko nazivlje koje je u koliziji s hrvatskim znanstvenim meteorološkim nazivljem. Prikupljanje podataka obavljano je u višegodišnjemu razdoblju u emisijama Hrvatske radiotelevizije (HRT) u kojima su sudjelovali meteorolozi Državnoga hidrometeorološkoga zavoda. Uočeno je da nazivlje samovoljno mijenjaju ne samo pojedini meteorolozi već da to čine i HRT-ovi lektori, a da ni jedno ni drugo meteorološka struka nije verificirala. Najveće promjene vidljive su u nazivlju naoblaka, temperatura, oborina i vjetar. Time je stvoreno paralelno nazivlje kojim se koristi na HRT-u i tako se prenosi korisnicima. Daljnja upotreba tako izmijenjena nazivlja rezultirala je bombastičnim i nesuvislim napisima u svim elektronskim i tiskovnim medijima. Sámo sudjelovanje meteorologa u „mijenjanju nazivlja“ ukazuje na njihovu nedovoljnu upućenost u meteorološko nazivlje. Posebno je na HRT-u problematična (ne)upotreba fizikalnih jedinica i njihova interpretacija te neopravdano mijenjanje stručnih pojmova mimo meteorologa.