scholarly journals Agroclimatic conditions of the Osijek area during referent (1961–1990) and recent (1991–2018) climate periods

2021 ◽  
Vol 54/55 (54/55) ◽  
pp. 55-64
Author(s):  
Darija Bilandžija ◽  
Silvija Martinčić
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Precipitation Amount ◽  
Hydrothermal Condition ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Recent Period ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Climatic Elements

One highly important segment of agricultural production is the agroecological condition of a given area, including climatic conditions, which have been changing recently. Croatia belongs to a climate zone also known as a climate hot spot, characterised by a pronounced sensitivity to climate change. In order to determine if the climate has changed in the Osijek area, climatic elements and agroclimatic indicators were analysed for a referent period (1961∑1990) and a recent period (1991∑2018). The analysis shows that the climate has changed in the recent period as compared to the referent period. The identified climate changes manifest in higher mean air temperatures, higher precipitation amount, increased actual evapotranspiration and prolonged vegetation periods in the recent period. Furthermore, hydrothermal condition analysis shows that the ten warmest years and vegetation periods in the studied 58-year period were within the past 26 years. Due to the identified climate change and the assumption that the climate will continue to change in the future, adaptation and mitigation measures will have to be applied in agricultural production. For a more reliable assessment of agroclimatic conditions at certain area, it is recommended to analyse other climatic elements as well, such as the number of consecutive dry or rainy days above the critical precipitation threshold, wind, solar radiation, insolation, etc.

scholarly journals The effect of climate change on depression in urban areas of western Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Abbasi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Western Iran ◽  
Regime Changes ◽  
Climatic Time Series ◽  
Climatic Elements

Abstract Objective Human is accustomed to climatic conditions of the environment where they are born and live throughout their lifetime. The aim of this study is to examine mood swings and depression caused by sudden climate changes that have not yet given the humans a chance to adapt. Results Our results showed that depression could be affected by climate change and as a result, the behavior of climatic elements and trends has damaged mental health in the western regions of Iran. By investigating the trends and changes of climatic time series and their relationship with the rate of depression in urban areas of western Iran, it can be said that climate change is probably a mental health challenge for urban populations. Climate change is an important and worrying issue that makes the life difficult. Rapid climate changes in western Iran including rising air temperature, changes in precipitation, its regime, changes cloudiness and the amount of sunlight have a negative effects on health. The results showed that type of increasing or decreasing trend, as well as different climatic elements in various seasons did not have the same effect on the rate of depression in the studied areas.

China’s Agricultural Development in Response to Climate Change

2012 ◽  
Vol 524-527 ◽  
pp. 3609-3612
Author(s):  
Wen Bao
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Change Climate ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation Strategies

Agricultural development, especially agricultural production in mountain areas, is fundamentally linked to climatic conditions, so any changes in climate will necessarily affect agricultural development. China’s agriculture faces several development challenges including those linked to climate change. Climate change is threatening food production systems and therefore the livelihoods of hundreds of millions of people who depend on agriculture in China. Agriculture is the sector most vulnerable to climate change due to its high dependence on climate and weather and because people involved in agriculture tend to be poorer compared with urban residents. Consistent warming trends and more frequent and intense meteorological disasters have been observed across China in recent decades. In line with climate change across the whole country, it will require agricultural development to implement comprehensive mitigation and adaptation strategies.

Empirical models for forecasting changes in the phenology of ice cover for Canadian lakes

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 982-991 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.J. Shuter ◽  
C.K. Minns ◽  
S.R. Fung
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Spring Break ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Emissions Scenarios ◽  
Break Up ◽  
Ipcc Sres ◽  
Phenology Model ◽  
Ice Phenology

In situ and remote-sensed data on freeze-up and break-up dates for lakes spread over much of Canada were used to develop and validate simple regression models linking lake ice phenology to climatic conditions and lake morphometry. The primary variables affecting fall freeze-up dates were the fall date when 30-day smoothed air temperatures reached 0 °C and lake mean depth; the primary variables affecting spring break-up date were the spring date when 30-day smoothed air temperatures reached 0 °C, solar elevation on that date, and the number of days over winter when 30-day smoothed air temperatures were <0 °C. These models were used to project potential impacts of climate change on ice phenology across Canada; by 2055 (under the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (IPCC SRES) A2 emissions scenario), freeze-up dates were projected to be an average of 10 days later. Break-up dates were projected to be from 0 to 16 days earlier, with greater changes occurring at higher latitudes. These projections were similar to those independently derived using a mechanistic ice phenology model.

scholarly journals Where the wild things are: Seasonal variation in caribou distribution in relation to climate change

Rangifer ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippa McNeil ◽  
Don E. Russell ◽  
Brad Griffith ◽  
Anne Gunn ◽  
Gary P. Kofinas
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental Factor ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Climate Trends ◽  
Migration Patterns ◽  
Mining Sites

In this study, we develop a method to analyse the relationships between seasonal caribou distribution and climate, to estimate how climatic conditions affect interactions between humans and caribou, and ultimately to predict patterns of distribution relative to climate change. Satellite locations for the Porcupine (Rangifer tarandus granti) and Bathurst (R. t. groenlandicus) caribou herds were analysed for eight ecologically-defined seasons. For each season, two levels of a key environmental factor influencing caribou distribution were identified, as well as the best climate data available to indicate the factor's annual state. Satellite locations were grouped according to the relevant combination of season and environmental factor. Caribou distributions were compared for opposing environmental factors; this comparison was undertaken relative to hunting access for the Porcupine Herd and relative to exposure to mining activity for the Bathurst Herd. Expected climate trends suggest an overall increase in access to Porcupine caribou for Aklavik (NWT) hunters during the winter and rut seasons, for Venetie (Alaska) hunters during midsummer and fall migration and for Arctic Village (Alaska) during midsummer. Arctic Village may experience reduced availability with early snowfalls in the fall, but we expect there to be little directional shift in the spring migration patterns. For the Bathurst Herd, we expect that fewer caribou would be exposed to the mines during the winter, while more caribou would be exposed to the combined Ekati and Diavik mining zone in the early summer and to the Lupin-Jericho mining zone during the fall migration. If changes in climate cause an increased presence of caribou in the mining sites, monitoring and mitigation measures may need to be intensified.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the influence of climate change on the productivity of millet in the central part of Ukraine

2018 ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
N. V. Danilova
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Precipitation Amount ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Eating Quality ◽  
Winter Crops ◽  
The Impact

Climate change is a change of climatic conditions in the global atmosphere and on the Earth in general (or within its individual zones or territories) caused directly or indirectly due by the human activity on the planet, which are overlaid on the natural climatic variations (fluctuations) and ob-served during comparable periods of time.    Both the climate of Ukraine and the global climate are changing, but warming within our terri-tory progresses even faster than in other regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Ukraine in general and southern regions in particular are becoming increasingly vulnerable to climate change – droughts, extremely high temperatures, inefficient precipitation, reduced irrigated area cause of precipitation amount and regime, severer and more long-lasting droughts, reduced water availability. The majority of arable land in Ukraine are located in zones of unstable and insufficient humidity, it is quite possible that for plant growing, especially for growing winter crops and early spring crops, climate change will rather have a positive effect than negative one. Among the main types of cereals millet is the most common one. It is valuable for its groats, which is known by its high eating quality. Millet as a fast-growing crop having a certain agrotechnical importance: it is used as a backup crop for re-sowing dead winter crops and is suitable for stubble and post-harvest sowing, it also can be used as a cover culture for perennial grass. Millet is one of the most drought-resistant and heat-resistant crops. It is able to withstand heat injuries which is very important in arid areas and during dry years, when other grain crops have reduced yield. Millet suffers less from pests and diseases than other crops. The task was to evaluate the agro-climatic conditions of millet crops formation in the central part of Ukraine under conditions of climate change. The study of the impact of climate change on the formation of millet productivity for different time intervals was performed by comparing the data of the RCP scenario and the average long-term climatic and agro-climatic parameters. The in-fluence of agroclimatic conditions on the dynamics of increase of agroecological yield of different levels is also assessed.

scholarly journals Analysis of Agroclimatic Conditions of the Kadamzhay District of the Batken Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 112-117
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Hydrothermal Coefficient ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Average Annual Temperature

Climatic conditions have a great influence on agricultural production. In agrometeorological developments, it is widely complex hydrometeorological indicators are used that determine the growth and development of cultivated plants. This paper presents an analysis of data on agroclimatic conditions of the Kadamjai district of the Batken region. Research results are shown meteorological data of the Markaz agrometeopost. Recently observed regional changes are analyzed climatic indicators on the territory of the Kadamjai region. A comparative analysis of the main meteorological data for two periods was carried out, the degree of moisture content of the numerical value of the hydrothermal coefficient (HC) of Selyaninov was calculated, deviations from the norm, the sum of active air temperatures, the degree of aridity of the region were determined, and a comparative analysis of the data for two periods was carried out. The analyzed increase in the average annual temperature is traced throughout the season. The revealed decrease in the amount of precipitation is also confirmed throughout the entire period with the exception of two months for 1991–2013. And also the increase in the average annual temperature and the decrease in the amount of precipitation are confirmed, confirms the decrease in the SCC in the calculations, which is the influence of changes in the meteorological regime.

scholarly journals Impact of Climate Change on Eye Diseases and Associated Economical Costs

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 7197
Author(s):  
Lucía Echevarría-Lucas ◽  
José Mᵃ Senciales-González ◽  
María Eloísa Medialdea-Hurtado ◽  
Jesús Rodrigo-Comino
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Eye Diseases ◽  
Southern Spain ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Mitigation Action ◽  
Change Mitigation

Climate change generates negative impacts on human health. However, little is known about specific impacts on eye diseases, especially in arid and semi-arid areas where increases in air temperatures are expected. Therefore, the main goals of this research are: (i) to highlight the association between common eye diseases and environmental factors; and (ii) to analyze, through the available literature, the health expenditure involved in combating these diseases and the savings from mitigating the environmental factors that aggravate them. Mixed methods were used to assess the cross-variables (environmental factors, eye diseases, health costs). Considering Southern Spain as an example, our results showed that areas with similar climatic conditions could increase eye diseases due to a sustained increase in temperatures and torrential rains, among other factors. We highlight that an increase in eye diseases in Southern Spain is conditioned by the effects of climate change by up to 36.5%; the economic burden of the main eye diseases, extrapolated to the rest of the country, would represent an annual burden of 0.7% of Spain’s Gross Domestic Product. In conclusion, the increase in eye diseases has a strong economic and social impact that could be reduced with proper management of the effects of climate change. We propose a new concept: disease sink, defined as any climate change mitigation action which reduces the incidence or morbidity of disease.

scholarly journals Brazilian Coffee Production and the Future Microbiome and Mycotoxin Profile Considering the Climate Change Scenario

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 858
Author(s):  
Deiziane Gomes dos Santos ◽  
Caroline Corrêa de Souza Coelho ◽  
Anna Beatriz Robottom Ferreira ◽  
Otniel Freitas-Silva
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Climate Change Scenario ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
World Market ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Change Scenario ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Coffee Production

Brazil holds a series of favorable climatic conditions for agricultural production including the hours and intensity of sunlight, the availability of agricultural land and water resources, as well as diverse climates, soils and biomes. Amidst such diversity, Brazilian coffee producers have obtained various standards of qualities and aromas, between the arabica and robusta species, which each present a wide variety of lineages. However, temperatures in coffee producing municipalities in Brazil have increased by about 0.25 °C per decade and annual precipitation has decreased. Therefore, the agricultural sector may face serious challenges in the upcoming decades due to crop sensitivity to water shortages and thermal stress. Furthermore, higher temperatures may reduce the quality of the culture and increase pressure from pests and diseases, reducing worldwide agricultural production. The impacts of climate change directly affect the coffee microbiota. Within the climate change scenario, aflatoxins, which are more toxic than OTA, may become dominant, promoting greater food insecurity surrounding coffee production. Thus, closer attention on the part of authorities is fundamental to stimulate replacement of areas that are apt for coffee production, in line with changes in climate zoning, in order to avoid scarcity of coffee in the world market.

scholarly journals Changes in potato cultivation technology in Korça region as adaptation to climate change

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-92
Author(s):  
Adrian Maho ◽  
Besnik Skënderasi ◽  
Magdalena Cara
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Biological Cycle ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Soil Factors ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Agricultural Plants

The production of agricultural crops depends on the optimisation rate of plant genetic factors, climatic and soil factors and the level of agrochemicals. These factors are in constant dynamism and also are the production of agricultural plants. Changing in climatic conditions of the area will necessitate bring changes in the genetic resources of the plants that will be cultivated as well as in the technology of cultivation. The study analyses the thermal and pluviometry performance of the Korça field, one of the areas with the best agricultural development and on this basis is experimented with the time of potato planting and the adaption to these changes. The analysis of climate variability and trends of ecological climate factors is determining for the sustainability of agricultural production. Especially the increase in temperature indicators requires adaptation to the changes in the technology of crops cultivation. The planting time, which is essentially determined by the optimum agronomic temperature, determines the entire biological cycle of the plant by directly influencing the morphologic and plant yield. Climate changes of the last decades make experimentation necessary to determine the optimal planting terms. Sustainable agricultural development determined by long-term climate change requires adaptation to these changes.

scholarly journals The implications of climate change conditions in the pavement design

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominika Hodáková ◽  
Andrea Zuzulová ◽  
Silvia Cápayová ◽  
Tibor Schlosser
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Input Parameter ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Design Solution ◽  
Model Calculations ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
The Impact

The design of pavement structure is as a set of several activities related to the design of road construction, dimension and model calculations. This includes calculations of load effects, taking into account the properties of the materials, the subgrade conditions, and the climatic conditions. The measurements of climatic conditions in Slovakia were the basis for assessing changes in average daily air temperatures in individual seasons. Since the 19th century we have seen in Slovakia an increase in the average air temperature of 1.5 ° C. Currently, there are scenarios of climate change until 2100. An increase in air temperature is assumed, with an increase in average monthly temperatures of 2.0 to 4.8 °C. In road construction, as well as in other areas of engineering, we must respond to current climate change and also to expected changes. The average annual air temperature and the frost index are the critical climatic characteristics are the main for the design (input parameter) and evaluation of pavement. From the practical side it is possible to use the design maps of average annual air temperature and frost index according to STN 73 6114 from year 1997. In cooperation with the Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute from the long-term monitoring of temperatures, different meteorological characteristics were measured in the current period. From the measurements of twelve professional meteorological stations for the period 1971 to 2020, the dependence between two variables in probability theory is derived. The average annual air temperatures used for prognoses are collected from long-term measurements (fifty years). The design of road constructions and calculations of road construction models, which are in the system design solution (comparative calculations of asphalt pavement- and cement-concrete pavement models), we have also tested road construction materials - especially asphalt mixtures. The results were used to correct the values of input data, design criteria, as well as measures to reduce the impact of changes in climate conditions.

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