Carbonic anhydrase inhibition and cerebral venous blood gases and ions in man. Demonstration of increased oxygen availability to ischemic brain

The ventilation of one lung in dogs was isolated and that lung continually rebreathed into a small rubber bag. The Pco2 of a sample of the gas in the rebreathing bag was compared with the Pco2 calculated from pH and bicarbonate concentration determined in a sample of mixed venous blood drawn simultaneously. Before the injection of a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, acetazolamide, the difference between the two values for Pco2 was not significant. After acetazolamide, a highly significant difference (P < 0.001) was found. Apparently, when carbonic anhydrase was inhibited, the dissolved CO2 of mixed venous blood did not attain equilibrium with bicarbonate by the time the blood entered the lung. Submitted on December 18, 1959

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Kinetics of CO2 excretion and intravascular pH disequilibria during carbonic anhydrase inhibition

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1998.84.2.683 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 84 (2) ◽

pp. 683-694 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Victor Cardenas ◽

Thomas A. Heming ◽

Akhil Bidani

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Model ◽

Gas Exchange ◽

Carbonic Anhydrase ◽

Blood Cells ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Hysteresis Loops ◽

Mixed Venous Blood ◽

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibition ◽

Kinetics Of ◽

Mixed Venous

Cardenas, Victor, Jr., Thomas A. Heming, and Akhil Bidani.Kinetics of CO2 excretion and intravascular pH disequilibria during carbonic anhydrase inhibition. J. Appl. Physiol. 84(2): 683–694, 1998.—Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase (CA) activity (activity in red blood cells and activity available on capillary endothelium) results in decrements in CO2 excretion (V˙co 2) and plasma-erythrocyte CO2-[Formula: see text]-H+disequilibrium as blood travels around the circulation. To investigate the kinetics of changes in blood [Formula: see text]and pH during progressive CA inhibition, we used our previously detailed mathematical model of capillary gas exchange to analyze experimental data of V˙co 2and blood-gas/pH parameters obtained from anesthetized, paralyzed, and mechanically ventilated dogs after treatment with acetazolamide (Actz, 0–100 mg/kg iv). Arterial and mixed venous blood samples were collected via indwelling femoral and pulmonary arterial catheters, respectively. Cardiac output was measured by thermodilution. End-tidal[Formula: see text], as a measure of alveolar[Formula: see text], was obtained from continuous records of airway [Formula: see text] above the carina. Experimental results were analyzed with the aid of a mathematical model of lung and tissue-gas exchange. Progressive CA inhibition was associated with stepwise increments in the equilibrated mixed venous-alveolar [Formula: see text] gradient (9, 19, and 26 Torr at 5, 20, and 100 mg/kg Actz, respectively). The maximum decrements in V˙co 2were 10, 24, and 26% with 5, 20, and 100 mg/kg Actz, respectively, without full recovery ofV˙co 2 at 1 h postinfusion. Equilibrated arterial [Formula: see text]overestimated alveolar [Formula: see text], and tissue [Formula: see text] was underestimated by the measured equilibrated mixed venous blood[Formula: see text]. Mathematical model computations predicted hysteresis loops of the instantaneous CO2-[Formula: see text]-H+relationship and in vivo blood[Formula: see text]-pH relationship due to the finite reaction times for CO2-[Formula: see text]-H+reactions. The shape of the hysteresis loops was affected by the extent of Actz inhibition of CA in red blood cells and plasma.

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Venous blood gases of varicocele veins: correlation with testicular blood flow and semen quality in varicocele patients

10.26226/morressier.573c1511d462b80296c98111 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Khaleeq ur Rehman

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Semen Quality ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Blood Gases ◽

Testicular Blood Flow

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Carbonic anhydrase inhibition, antioxidant activity against alveolar epithelial cells and antibacterial effect against Klebsiella pneumoniae enabled by synthesized silica nanoparticles through laser ablation technique

Life Sciences ◽

10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119032 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 119032

Author(s):

Na Xu ◽

Wujie Lu ◽

Lijie Meng ◽

Xu Feng ◽

Jingjing Xuan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Laser Ablation ◽

Epithelial Cells ◽

Carbonic Anhydrase ◽

Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽

Antibacterial Effect ◽

Alveolar Epithelial Cells ◽

Alveolar Epithelial ◽

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibition ◽

Laser Ablation Technique

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Coumaronochromone as antibacterial and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors from Aerva persica (Burm.f.) Merr.: experimental and first-principles approaches

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C ◽

10.1515/znc-2020-0138 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Muhammad Imran ◽

Ahmad Irfan ◽

Mohammed A. Assiri ◽

Sajjad H. Sumrra ◽

Muhammad Saleem ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbonic Anhydrase ◽

First Principles ◽

Molecular Electrostatic Potential ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Hirshfeld Analysis ◽

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibition ◽

Inhibition Studies ◽

Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbitals

AbstractThe Aerva plants are exceptionally rich in phytochemicals and possess therapeutics potential. Phytochemical screening shows that Aerva persica (Burm.f.) Merr. contains highest contents i.e., total phenolics, flavonoids, flavonols, tannins, alkaloids, carbohydrates, anthraquinones and glycosides. In-vitro antibacterial and enzymatic (carbonic anhydrase) inhibition studies on methanol extracts of A. persica indicated the presence of biological active constituents within chloroform soluble portions. Investigation in the pure constituents on the chloroform portions of A. persica accomplished by column chromatography, NMR and MS analysis. The bioguided isolation yields four chemical constituents of coumaronochromone family, namely aervin (1-4). These pure chemical entities (1-4) showed significant antibacterial activity in the range of 60.05–79.21 µg/ml against various bacterial strains using ampicillin and ciprofloxacin as standard drugs. The compounds 1-4 showed promising carbonic anhydrase inhibition with IC50 values of 19.01, 18.24, 18.65 and 12.92 µM, respectively, using standard inhibitor acetazolamide. First-principles calculations revealed comprehensive intramolecular charge transfer in the studied compounds 1-4. The spatial distribution of highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals, ionization potential, molecular electrostatic potential and Hirshfeld analysis revealed that these coumaronochromone compounds would be proficient biological active compounds. These pure constituents may be used as a new pharmacophore to treat leaukomia, epilepsy, glaucoma and cystic fibrosis.

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