Polyamine Levels in CSF From Patients With Pituitary Tumors or Nonneoplastic Pituitary Disease

Hypopituitarism usually results from a deficiency of anterior pituitary hormones or, rarely, from tissue resistance to these hormones. Deficiency may be from primary pituitary disease, pituitary stalk disorders, hypothalamic disease, or an extrasellar disorder impinging on, or infiltrating, the hypothalamic-pituitary unit. Primary pituitary disease results from the loss of anterior pituitary cells and may be congenital or acquired. Common causes are pituitary tumors and their surgical or radiotherapeutic ablation. Infrequent causes include pituitary infarction (eg, postpartum pituitary necrosis, also known as Sheehan syndrome), pituitary apoplexy, lymphocytic hypophysitis, infiltrative diseases (eg, hemochromatosis), and metastatic disease (eg, from breast or lung).

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Significant Benefits of AIP Testing and Clinical Screening in Familial Isolated and Young-onset Pituitary Tumors

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/clinem/dgaa040 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 105 (6) ◽

pp. e2247-e2260 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Pedro Marques ◽

Francisca Caimari ◽

Laura C Hernández-Ramírez ◽

David Collier ◽

Donato Iacovazzo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wide Spectrum ◽

Collaborative Study ◽

Disease Onset ◽

Pituitary Tumors ◽

Clinical Screening ◽

Cavernous Sinus Invasion ◽

Pituitary Disease ◽

Aip Gene ◽

Suprasellar Extension ◽

Gh Excess

Abstract Context Germline mutations in the aryl hydrocarbon receptor-interacting protein (AIP) gene are responsible for a subset of familial isolated pituitary adenoma (FIPA) cases and sporadic pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs). Objective To compare prospectively diagnosed AIP mutation-positive (AIPmut) PitNET patients with clinically presenting patients and to compare the clinical characteristics of AIPmut and AIPneg PitNET patients. Design 12-year prospective, observational study. Participants & Setting We studied probands and family members of FIPA kindreds and sporadic patients with disease onset ≤18 years or macroadenomas with onset ≤30 years (n = 1477). This was a collaborative study conducted at referral centers for pituitary diseases. Interventions & Outcome AIP testing and clinical screening for pituitary disease. Comparison of characteristics of prospectively diagnosed (n = 22) vs clinically presenting AIPmut PitNET patients (n = 145), and AIPmut (n = 167) vs AIPneg PitNET patients (n = 1310). Results Prospectively diagnosed AIPmut PitNET patients had smaller lesions with less suprasellar extension or cavernous sinus invasion and required fewer treatments with fewer operations and no radiotherapy compared with clinically presenting cases; there were fewer cases with active disease and hypopituitarism at last follow-up. When comparing AIPmut and AIPneg cases, AIPmut patients were more often males, younger, more often had GH excess, pituitary apoplexy, suprasellar extension, and more patients required multimodal therapy, including radiotherapy. AIPmut patients (n = 136) with GH excess were taller than AIPneg counterparts (n = 650). Conclusions Prospectively diagnosed AIPmut patients show better outcomes than clinically presenting cases, demonstrating the benefits of genetic and clinical screening. AIP-related pituitary disease has a wide spectrum ranging from aggressively growing lesions to stable or indolent disease course.

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Two Distinct Types of Microfilaments in the Cytoplasm of Human Adenohypophysial Cells

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100073787 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 31 ◽

pp. 668-669

Author(s):

E. Horvath ◽

K. Kovacs ◽

I. E. Stratmann ◽

C. Ezrin

Keyword(s):

Pituitary Tumors ◽

Average Diameter ◽

Anterior Lobe ◽

Uranyl Acetate ◽

Type I ◽

Breast Cancer Patients ◽

Human Pituitary ◽

Severe Diabetes ◽

Pituitary Glands ◽

Membrane Bound

Surgically removed human pituitary glands as well as pituitary tumors fixed in glutaraldehyde, postfixed in osmium tetroxide, embedded in epon resin, stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate have been investigated by electron microscopy in order to correlate ultrastructure with functional activity. In the course of this study two distinct types of microfilaments have been identified in the cytoplasm of adenohypophysiocytes.Type I microfilaments (Fig. 1) were found in the cytoplasm of anterior lobe cells of five female subjects with disseminated mammary cancer and two patients with severe diabetes mellitus. The breast cancer patients were treated pre-operatively for various periods of time with different doses of oxysteroids. The microfilaments had an average diameter of JO A, formed parallel bundles, were scattered irregularly in the cytoplasm and were frequently located in the perikaryon. They were not membrane-bound and failed to show any periodicity.

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Ultrastructural Immunocytochemistry of Five Rat Pituitary Adenomas

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s1431927600003147 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 38 ◽

pp. 724-725

Author(s):

D. J. McComb ◽

N. Ryan ◽

E. Horvath ◽

K. Kovacs ◽

E. Nagy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pituitary Adenomas ◽

Pituitary Tumors ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Electron Microscopic Immunocytochemistry ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Rat Pituitary ◽

Radiation Induced ◽

Group 5 ◽

Group 2 ◽

Microscopic Techniques

Conventional light and electron microscopic techniques failed to clarify the cellular composition and derivation of spontaneous and induced, intrasellar and transplanted pituitary adenomas in rats (1). In the present work, electron microscopic immunocytochemistry was applied to evaluate five adenohypo-physial tumors using a technique described by Moriarty and Garner (2). Spontaneously occurring pituitary adenomas (group 1) were harvested from aging female Long-Evans rats. R-Amsterdam rats were treated with 2 x 1.0 mg estrone acetate (HogivaI) s.c. weekly for 6 months. Pituitary adenomas in excess of 30 mg were removed from these animals to make up the tumors of group 2. Groups 3 and 4 consisted of estrogen-induced autonomous transplan¬ted pituitary tumors MtT.WlO and MtT.F4. Group 5 was a radiation-induced transplanted autonomous pituitary tumor MtT.W5. The tumors of groups 3,4 and 5 were allowed to proliferate in host rats 6-8 weeks prior to removal for processing. Tissue was processed for transmission electron microscopy (glutaraldehyde fixation, OsO4 postfixation and epoxy resin embedding), and electron microscopic immunocytochemistry (3% paraformaldehyde fixation and Araldite embedding).

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