scholarly journals The Lipid-Lowering Properties of Red Yeast Rice

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 365-368
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Red Yeast Rice ◽  
Red Yeast

scholarly journals In VivoHypocholesterolemic Effect of MARDI Fermented Red Yeast Rice Water Extract in High Cholesterol Diet Fed Mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swee Keong Yeap ◽  
Boon Kee Beh ◽  
Joan Kong ◽  
Wan Yong Ho ◽  
Hamidah Mohd Yusof ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Extract ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Red Yeast Rice ◽  
Monacolin K ◽  
Cholesterol Diet ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Red Yeast ◽  
Rice Water

Fermented red yeast rice has been traditionally consumed as medication in Asian cuisine. This study aimed to determine thein vivohypocholesterolemic and antioxidant effects of fermented red yeast rice water extract produced using Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI)Monascus purpureusstrains in mice fed with high cholesterol diet. Absence of monacolin-k, lower level ofγ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), higher content of total amino acids, and antioxidant activities were detected in MARDI fermented red yeast rice water extract (MFRYR).In vivoMFRYR treatment on hypercholesterolemic mice recorded similar lipid lowering effect as commercial red yeast rice extract (CRYR) as it helps to reduce the elevated serum liver enzyme and increased the antioxidant levels in liver. This effect was also associated with the upregulation of apolipoproteins-E and inhibition of Von Willebrand factor expression. In summary, MFRYR enriched in antioxidant and amino acid without monacolin-k showed similar hypocholesterolemic effect as CRYR that was rich in monacolin-k and GABA.

Lipid-Lowering Efficacy of Red Yeast Rice in a Population Intolerant to Statins

2010 ◽  
Vol 105 (5) ◽  
pp. 664-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmelo V. Venero ◽  
Jose V. Venero ◽  
Dale C. Wortham ◽  
Paul D. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Red Yeast Rice ◽  
Red Yeast

Metabolic outcomes of Red yeast rice administration in patients treated with second-generation antipsychotics

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S372-S372
Author(s):  
G.M. Troili ◽  
A. Bruno ◽  
G. Pandolfo ◽  
M. Crucitti ◽  
R.A. Zoccali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotics ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Red Yeast Rice ◽  
Red Yeast ◽  
Second Generation Antipsychotics

RationaleSecond-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) are notoriously associated with a wide range of metabolic adverse effects, and their chronic use is related with an increased risk for the development of metabolic syndrome (MS). The nutraceutical approach to the management of MS might be a promising strategy in the prevention of cardio-metabolic risk. In this context, Red yeast rice (RYR) have been shown to have a lipid lowering effect in an increasing number of clinical studies.ObjectivesThe present study was aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of RYR treatment on metabolic parameters in a sample of subjects receiving atypical antipsychotics.MethodsTen outpatients treated with atypical APs assumed RYR at single daily dose of 200 mg/day for 30 days. Total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), triglycerides, fasting levels of glucose, and glycated hemoglobin were determined.ResultsRYR administration non-resulted in a statistically significant reduction of metabolic parameters in the study sample. However, a trend for total cholesterol (T0 vs. T1: 159.6 vs. 145.6) and LDL (T0 vs. T1: 94.1 vs. 77.6) decrease was observed.ConclusionsOur findings in patients receiving atypical antipsychotics did not confirm the beneficial effect of RYS on lipemic profiles previously found in subjects who do not take this class of drugs. Further clinical trials with adequately-powered and well-designed methodology are needed to better explore the RYS effectiveness on the SGAs-induced metabolic side effects.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

1443Safety of red yeast rice supplementation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
F Fogacci ◽  
M Banach ◽  
D P Mikhailidis ◽  
E Bruckert ◽  
P P Toth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Forest Plot ◽  
Tolerability Profile ◽  
Red Yeast Rice ◽  
Monacolin K ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Red Yeast ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background Recently, concerns regarding the safety of red yeast rice (RYR) have been raised after the publication of some case reports claiming toxicity. Purpose Since the previous meta-analyses on the effects of RYR were mainly focused on its efficacy to improve the lipid profile and other cardiovascular parameters, we carried out a meta-analysis on safety data derived from the available randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs). Methods Primary outcomes were musculoskeletal disorders (MuD). Secondary outcomes were non-musculoskeletal adverse events (Non-MuD) and serious adverse events (SAE). Subgroups analyses were carried out considering the intervention (RYR alone or in association with other nutraceutical compounds), monacolin K administered daily dose (≤3, <3–5 and >5 mg/day), follow-up (>12 or ≤12 weeks), with statin therapy or statin-intolerance and type of control treatment (placebo or statin treatment). Results Data were pooled from 52 RCTs comprising 110 treatment arms, which included 8503 subjects, with 4421 in the RYR arm and 4287 in the control one. Monacolin K administration was not associated with increased risk of MuD (odds ratio [OR]=0.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.53,1.65). (Figure below presents the forest plot comparing the RYR associated risk of MuD in the entire population). Moreover, we found a reduced risk of Non-MuD (OR=0.59, 95% CI 0.50, 0.69) and SAE (OR=0.54, 95% CI 0.46, 0.64) vs. control. Subgroups analyses confirmed the high tolerability profile of RYR. Furthermore, increasing daily doses of monacolin K were negatively associated with increasing risk of Non-MuD (slope: −0.10; 95% CI: −0.17, −0.03; two-tailed p<0.01). Forest plot on RYR link with MuD risk. Conclusions Based on our data, RYR use as lipid-lowering dietary supplement seems to be overall tolerable and safe in a large population of moderately hypercholesterolaemic subjects. Acknowledgement/Funding None

Low Vitamin D Levels are Not Associated with a Higher Risk of Recurrent Myalgias in Patients Taking Red Yeast Rice for Lipid-Lowering

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-276
Author(s):  
Ram Gordon ◽  
Benjamin French ◽  
Patti Morris ◽  
Erin Silvent ◽  
David J. Becker
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Red Yeast Rice ◽  
Red Yeast ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

scholarly journals Lipid Profile and Vascular Remodelling in Young Dyslipidemic Subjects Treated with Nutraceuticals Derived from Red Yeast Rice

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Massimo Puato ◽  
Alberto Zambon ◽  
Chiara Nardin ◽  
Elisabetta Faggin ◽  
Raffaele Pesavento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Coenzyme Q10 ◽  
Cardiovascular Prevention ◽  
Risk Profile ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Red Yeast Rice ◽  
Vascular Remodelling ◽  
Red Yeast ◽  
Ultrasound Study ◽  
Long Term Treatment

Background and Aims. A relevant role is emerging for functional foods in cardiovascular prevention. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a nutraceutical multitargeted approach on lipid profile and inflammatory markers along with vascular remodelling in a cohort of dyslipidemic subjects without history of cardiovascular (CV) disease. Methods and Results. We enrolled 25 subjects (mean age 48.2 years) with low to moderate CV risk profile and total cholesterol (TC) levels between 150 and 250 mg/dl. The patients were assigned to receive for one year a tablet/die of a nutraceutical combination containing red yeast rice (RYR) extract (Monacolin 3 mg/tablet) and coenzyme Q10 (30 mg/tablet). Treatment with the nutraceutical compounds led to a significant reduction of TC (from 227 to 201 mg/dl, p < 0.001 ), LDL-c (from 150 to 130 mg/dl, p = 0.001 ), triglycerides (from 121 to 109 mg/dl, p = 0.013 ), non-HDL-cholesterol (from 168 to 141 mg/dl, p < 0.001 ), hs-CRP (from 1.74 to 1.20 mg/l, p = 0.015 ), and osteoprotegerin (from 1488 to 1328 pg/ml, p = 0.045 ). Levels of HDL-c, Lp(a), glucose, liver enzyme, CPK, or creatinine did not change over time. An ultrasound study was performed to assess changes in mean carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and maximum IMT (M-MAX) as well as modification in local carotid stiffness by means of determining the carotid compliance coefficient (CC) and distensibility coefficient (DC). At the end of the treatment, we observed small but significant reductions in both mean-IMT (from 0.62 to 0.57 mm, p = 0.022 ) and M-MAX (from 0.79 to 0.73 mm, p = 0.002 ), and an improvement in carotid elasticity (DC from 22.4 to 24.3 × 10 − 3 / kPa , p = 0.006 and CC from 0.77 to 0.85 mm2/kPa, p = 0.019 ). Conclusions. A long-term treatment with a combination of RYR and coenzyme Q10 showed lipid-lowering activity along with a reduction of inflammatory mediators and an improvement of vascular properties in young subjects with a low-to-moderate CV risk profile.

scholarly journals The Role of Red Yeast Rice Based Preparations for Non-Pharmacological Correction of Dyslipidemia in Patients with Low and Moderate Cardiovascular Risk (Expert Opinion)

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-155
Author(s):  
M. V. Ezhov ◽  
A. Catapano ◽  
C. Escobar ◽  
V. V. Kukharchuk ◽  
M. I. Voevoda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Red Yeast Rice ◽  
Moderate Risk ◽  
Lipid Lowering Drugs ◽  
Red Yeast ◽  
Pharmacological Correction ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases

The Russian Federation is among countries with high cardiovascular risk. Hypercholesterolemia is a leading risk factor for the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. To achieve low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) targets, such approaches as lifestyle changes and pharmacological correction, based on the use of statins, are applied. At the same time, a significant proportion of the population has moderate hypercholesterolemia and is characterized by low or moderate cardiovascular risk. Although first-line recommendations should be followed, a healthy lifestyle alone is not enough to achieve target levels of LDL-C, which means that even people with low to moderate risk may end up with the prospect of lifelong therapy with lipid-lowering drugs. These individuals do not have an indication for lipid-lowering therapy, and they are usually recommended a change in diet and supplementation. Innovative nutritional strategies have been developed to manage dyslipidemia. They were based either on changing some “risky” food components or on encouraging the consumption of “healthy” functional foods and/or nutraceuticals. Nutraceuticals (registered as food supplements in Russia) is an innovative way to help control LDL-C at low and moderate risk individuals without lipid-lowering drugs and as nutritive support for the cholesterol-lowering diet. Red yeast rice (RYR) based preparations have been already developed and available at the moment. RYR based preparations can be considered in patients with low and moderate cardiovascular risk, who have not reached the target level of LDL-C and have no indications for statin therapy or have statin intolerance. RYR based preparations contains a statin-like substance monacolin K in a dose of 3 mg. In randomized clinical trials, it was proved that the use of high-quality RYR nutraceutical leads to a decrease in LDL-C by an average of 20% without increasing the risk of side effects like for statins. Evaluation of dietary supplements and functional foods should necessarily include not only evidence of beneficial effects with respect to effects on the lipid profile and atherosclerosis, but also proven good tolerability. The manufacturing standard for these products is also important, guaranteeing component standardization and quality. RYR analogues should guarantee the absence of mycotoxin in their composition. In Russia, programs are needed for the primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases with effects on hypercholesterolemia at the population level.

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