scholarly journals Basin-wide N2 fixation in the deep waters of the Mediterranean Sea

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 952-961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mar Benavides ◽  
Sophie Bonnet ◽  
Nauzet Hernández ◽  
Alba María Martínez-Pérez ◽  
Mar Nieto-Cid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
N2 Fixation ◽  
Deep Waters ◽  
The Mediterranean

Mercury speciation in surface and deep waters of the Mediterranean Sea

2007 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jože Kotnik ◽  
Milena Horvat ◽  
Emmanuel Tessier ◽  
Nives Ogrinc ◽  
Mathilde Monperrus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Mercury Speciation ◽  
Deep Waters ◽  
The Mediterranean

scholarly journals Hydrogen peroxide in deep waters from the Mediterranean Sea, South Atlantic and South Pacific Oceans

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark J. Hopwood ◽  
Insa Rapp ◽  
Christian Schlosser ◽  
Eric P. Achterberg
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
South Atlantic ◽  
Deep Waters ◽  
The Mediterranean

scholarly journals Distributions of the carbonate system properties, anthropogenic CO<sub>2</sub>, and acidification during the 2008 BOUM cruise (Mediterranean Sea)

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 2709-2753 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Touratier ◽  
V. Guglielmi ◽  
C. Goyet ◽  
L. Prieur ◽  
M. Pujo-Pay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Carbonate System ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Deep Waters ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
System Properties

Abstract. We relate here the distributions of two carbonate system key properties (total alkalinity, AT; and total dissolved inorganic carbon, CT) measured along a section in the Mediterranean Sea, going from Marseille (France) to the south of the Cyprus Island, during the 2008 BOUM cruise. The three main objectives of the present study are (1) to draw and comment on the distributions of AT and CT in the light of others properties like salinity, temperature, and dissolved oxygen, (2) to estimate the distribution of the anthropogenic CO2 (CANT) in the intermediate and the deep waters, and (3) to calculate the resulting variation of pH (acidification) since the beginning of the industrial era. Since the calculation of CANT is always an intense subject of debate, we apply two radically different approaches to estimate CANT: the very simple method TrOCA and the MIX approach, the latter being more precise but also more difficult to apply. A clear picture for the AT and the CT distributions is obtained: the mean concentration of AT is higher in the oriental basin while that of CT is higher in the occidental basin of the Mediterranean Sea, fully coherent with the previous published works. Despite of the two very different approaches we use here (TrOCA and MIX), the estimated distributions of CANT are very similar. These distributions show that the minimum of CANT encountered during the BOUM cruise is higher than 46.3 μmol kg−1 (TrOCA) or 48.8 μmol kg−1(MIX). All Mediterranean water masses (even the deepest) appear to be highly contaminated by CANT, as a result of the very intense advective processes that characterize the recent history of the Mediterranean circulation. As a consequence, unprecedented levels of acidification are reached with an estimated decrease of pH since the pre-industrial era of −0.148 to −0.061 pH unit, which places the Mediterranean Sea as one of the most acidified world marine ecosystem.

scholarly journals Springtime contribution of dinitrogen fixation to primary production across the Mediterranean Sea

Ocean Science ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Rahav ◽  
B. Herut ◽  
A. Levi ◽  
M. R. Mulholland ◽  
I. Berman-Frank
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
N2 Fixation ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Western Basin ◽  
Eastern Basin ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Planktonic Communities

Abstract. Dinitrogen (N2) fixation rates were measured during early spring across the different provinces of Mediterranean Sea surface waters. N2 fixation rates, measured using 15N2 enriched seawater, were lowest in the eastern basin and increased westward with a maximum at the Strait of Gibraltar (0.10 to 2.35 nmol N L−1 d−1, respectively). These rates were 3–7 fold higher than N2 fixation rates measured previously in the Mediterranean Sea during summertime and we estimated that methodological differences alone did not account for the seasonal changes we observed. Higher contribution of N2 fixation to primary production (4–8%) was measured in the western basin compared to the eastern basin (∼2%). Our data indicates that these differences between basins may be attributed to changes in N2-fixing planktonic communities and that heterotrophic diazotrophy may play a significant role in the eastern Mediterranean while autotrophic diazotrophy has a more dominant role in the western basin.

First occurrence of egg masses of Loligo forbesi (Cephalopoda: Loliginidae) in deep waters of the Aegean Sea

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 925-926 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Salman ◽  
V. Laptikhovsky
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Aegean Sea ◽  
Egg Masses ◽  
Deep Waters ◽  
First Occurrence ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Loligo Forbesi ◽  
First Time

Egg masses of Loligo forbesi were encountered for the first time from a depth of 730 m at Gökova Bay (southern Aegean Sea), extending the known spawning depth in the Mediterranean Sea.

scholarly journals Springtime contribution of dinitrogen fixation to primary production across the Mediterranean Sea

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Rahav ◽  
B. Herut ◽  
A. Levi ◽  
M. R. Mulholland ◽  
I. Berman-Frank
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
N2 Fixation ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Strait Of Gibraltar ◽  
Western Basin ◽  
Eastern Basin ◽  
The Mediterranean

Abstract. Dinitrogen (N2) fixation rates were measured during early spring across the different provinces of Mediterranean Sea surface waters. N2 fixation rates, measured using 15N2 enriched seawater, were lowest in the eastern basin and increased westward with a maximum at the Strait of Gibraltar (0.10 to 2.35 nmol N L−1 d−1, respectively). These rates were 3–7 fold higher than N2 fixation rates measured previously in the Mediterranean Sea during summertime. Moreover, comparisons between N2 fixation rates measured during dark versus natural light incubations (48 h) show higher rates during dark incubations at the eastern Mediterranean stations but lower rates at the western stations. This suggests that heterotrophic diazotrophy has a significant role in the Eastern Mediterranean while autotrophic diazotrophy has a more dominant role in the Western basin.

scholarly journals The extinct catshark Pachyscyllium distans (PROBST, 1879) (Elasmobranchii: Carcharhiniformes) in the Pliocene of the Mediterranean Sea

2020 ◽  
Vol 295 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Collareta ◽  
Marco Merella ◽  
Frederik H. Mollen ◽  
Simone Casati ◽  
Andrea Di Cencio
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Deep Waters ◽  
Extant Species ◽  
Bona Fide ◽  
Northern Atlantic ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Mediterranean Biota

Sharks assigned to the carcharhiniform family Scyliorhinidae account for about 160 extant species placed in 18 genera. Most living scyliorhinids are small- to medium- sized ground sharks provided with cat- like eyes and nasal barbels similar to whiskers; hence their vernacular name, "cat- sharks". Living catsharks mostly inhabit deep or rather deep waters of the warm and temperate seas worldwide, foraging on small fishes and inverterbates. In the present paper, we report on a lateral tooth of Scyliorhinidae collected from a clay pit at Certaldo (central Italy), where marine mudstones belonging to the famously fossiliferous Pliocene successions of Tuscany are exposed. This catshark specimen represents the second bona fide record of the extinct premontreine species Pachyscyllium distans in the Pliocene of the Mediterranean Sea, as well as the geologically youngest confirmed occurrence of this species worldwide. In the Mediterranean Pliocene, P. distans thus coexisted with the similar but distinct species Pachyscyllium dachiardii. After having been widespread in Northern Atlantic, Paratethyan, and Mediterranean waters in Miocene times, P. distans became confined to the Mediterranean Sea during the Pliocene. Therefore, similar to what has recently been suggested for P. dachiardii, we hypothesise that the range of P. distans contracted southward as colder conditions took hold in the Northern Hemisphere. The eventual extinction of P. distans might be related to the first cooling episode that significantly affected the Mediterranean biota around 3 Ma.

scholarly journals Chondrichthyes species in deep waters of the Mediterranean Sea

2004 ◽  
Vol 68 (S3) ◽  
pp. 153-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letizia Sion ◽  
Anna Bozzano ◽  
Gianfranco D’Onghia ◽  
Francesca Capezzuto ◽  
Michele Panza
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Deep Waters ◽  
The Mediterranean

scholarly journals Patterns of Diversity of the Rissoidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Atlantic and the Mediterranean Region

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sérgio P. Ávila ◽  
Jeroen Goud ◽  
António M. de Frias Martins
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Cape Verde ◽  
Deep Waters ◽  
Protective Actions ◽  
Madeira Archipelago ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Parsimony Analysis Of Endemicity

The geographical distribution of the Rissoidae in the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea was compiled and is up-to-date until July 2011. All species were classified according to their mode of larval development (planktotrophic and nonplanktotrophic), and bathymetrical zonation (shallow species—those living between the intertidal and 50 m depth, and deep species—those usually living below 50 m depth). 542 species of Rissoidae are presently reported to the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, belonging to 33 genera. The Mediterranean Sea is the most diverse site, followed by Canary Islands, Caribbean, Portugal, and Cape Verde. The Mediterranean and Cape Verde Islands are the sites with higher numbers of endemic species, with predominance ofAlvaniaspp. in the first site, and ofAlvaniaandSchwartziellaat Cape Verde. In spite of the large number of rissoids at Madeira archipelago, a large number of species are shared with Canaries, Selvagens, and the Azores, thus only about 8% are endemic to the Madeira archipelago. Most of the 542-rissoid species that live in the Atlantic and in the Mediterranean are shallow species (323), 110 are considered as deep species, and 23 species are reported in both shallow and deep waters. There is a predominance of nonplanktotrophs in islands, seamounts, and at high and medium latitudes. This pattern is particularly evident in the generaCrisilla, Manzonia, Onoba, Porosalvania, Schwartziella, andSetia. Planktotrophic species are more abundant in the eastern Atlantic and in the Mediterranean Sea. The results of the analysis of the probable directions of faunal flows support the patterns found by both the Parsimony Analysis of Endemicity and the geographical distribution. Four main source areas for rissoids emerge: Mediterranean, Caribbean, Canaries/Madeira archipelagos, and the Cape Verde archipelago. We must stress the high percentage of endemics that occurs in the isolated islands of Saint Helena, Tristan da Cunha, Cape Verde archipelago and also the Azores, thus reinforcing the legislative protective actions that the local governments have implemented in these islands during the recent years.

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