Risk Analysis and Risk Reduction

2010 ◽  
pp. 50-73
Keyword(s):  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Risk Reduction

scholarly journals Disaster risk analysis of Mount Bromo eruption after the 2015 eruption in Sukapura District

2018 ◽  
Vol 229 ◽  
pp. 01015
Author(s):  
Turniningtyas Ayu Rachmawati ◽  
Dwi Rahmawati ◽  
Arief Rachmansyah
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Community Capacity ◽  
Risk Calculation ◽  
Disaster Risk Analysis ◽  
Risk Areas

Mount Bromo is one of the most active volcanoes in East Java with a 4-5 year interval of the eruption. Its last eruption was in 2015 and is expected to erupt in 2020. The mountain is characterized as having the phreatic type of eruption, which can take months, and made Sukapura district the most seriously affected. Sukapura District is inhabited by Tengger people who strongly uphold their customs. The strong spiritual relationship between Tengger people and Mount Bromo affects the efforts to reduce the disaster risk. In anticipation of the coming eruption in 2020, a disaster risk calculation is required as the basis for disaster risk reduction. This paper examines the risks of Mount Bromo eruption disaster from the aspects of its hazards, vulnerability and community capacity. The results of risk calculation indicate that the vulnerability and capacity are the most influential aspects to the magnitude of the risks suffered by the community. The high-risk areas to prioritize are Ngadisari, Sariwani, Sapikerep, Wonokerto, Ngadirejo, and part of Jetak Village. Moderate risks include part of Kedasih village, part of Pakel Village, part of Ngadas Village, part of Jetak Village and part of Wonokerto Village. The low-risk areas include part of Ngepung Village, Sukapura Village, part of Ngadas Village and part of Wonotoro Village.

scholarly journals HAZOP Methodology Based on the Health, Safety, and Environment Engineering

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 3236
Author(s):  
Jae-Young Choi ◽  
Sang-Hoon Byeon
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Health Safety ◽  
Safety And Environment ◽  
Operator Safety

In existing risk analysis techniques like the hazard and operability study (HAZOP) and the safety integrity level (SIL), design for operator safety is not considered. The health, safety, and environment (HSE) engineering depicts a detailed design directly related to the operator safety. However, the human risk had not been comprehensively analyzed. This paper proposes HSE-HAZOP as a technique for examining the systematic and efficient application of HSE engineering by exploiting the HAZOP systematic risk analysis technique and a quantitative risk derivation method, which is an advantage of the SIL. The analysis consists of four steps: the HSE-HAZOP preparation phase, risk analysis phase, risk assessment phase, and risk reduction phase. One part of a solution styrene butadiene rubber (SSBR) plant was used for a case study. In this case study, the items that handle with heptanoic acid were the study scope. After the risk assessment, we introduced the HSE engineering technique that should be applied for the risk reduction. Since there is no existing risk analysis method for HSE engineering, this proposed HSE-HAZOP is meaningful because it suggests systematic analysis method of the operator safety.

scholarly journals Risk management in an anticancer drug preparation unit: use of Preliminary Risk Analysis method and application to the preparation process

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Pauline Gagaille ◽  
Rémi Pieragostini ◽  
Elise Girault ◽  
Yacine Touil ◽  
Marie Chalopin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Anticancer Drug ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Drug Preparation ◽  
Preparation Process ◽  
Decision Tools ◽  
Preparation Step

Abstract Objectives Preparation of injectable anticancer drugs in hospital pharmacies, in particular of cytotoxics, is a high-risk activity. We used Preliminary Risk Analysis (PRA) to analyse the risks in the different steps of our anticancer drug circuit, including the preparation step (PRA1). Then, to prepare an important change in management of the circuit with the software Chimio® (pooling of three databases for subcontracting), we repeated the analysis of preparation step (PRA2). PRA is known to be time and resource consuming. To overcome this, we developed a strict organisational framework to perform the analysis within a reasonable amount of time. We present the PRA method including its practical implementation, and its application to the anticancer drug preparation process, before and after pooling of Chimio® databases. Methods PRA has two main stages, PRA “system” and PRA “scenario”. A multidisciplinary working group is created for the entire PRA process. PRA “system” is an exploratory and qualitative stage. PRA “scenario” requires the creation of risk assessment tools and decision tools before actually developing, analysing and treating scenarios, with risk reduction actions structured in an action plan. For PRA2 we used the same working group, assessment and decision tools as for PRA1 and we only analysed dangerous situations (DS) that appeared or changed towards more risk, requiring a new action plan. The different PRA only required four 2 h meetings thanks to the investment of a coordinator who is expert in the method. Results In PRA1, the riskiest phase was production while it was the verification and delivery of the finished product in PRA2. The risks were mainly related to management, human and technical dangers in PRA1. Human danger was found to be the main danger in PRA2, followed by organisational danger. Among the 264 scenarios described in PRA1, six of criticality 3 and 69 of criticality 2 have been associated with risk reduction actions. These actions mainly involved managing the risk of human error, with the control system Drugcam® and the standardisation of the pharmaceutical assistants’ training program. In PRA2, 11 scenarios were analysed, including three of criticality 3 and 4 of criticality 2 for which risk reduction measures were taken. Conclusions PRA allowed us to perform an in depth analysis of the highly specific and technical process of anticancer drug preparation. Human danger was one of the most important dangers identified, and it should always be taken into consideration, whatever the measures taken to prevent it. PRA2 was extremely useful to plan the organisation that would result from the new Chimio® database, while involving the team and winning its commitment. It allowed an exhaustive and structured anticipation of this major change. Practical aspects of PRA method implementation we have adopted facilitate its application and can help to deploy it on many areas in our hospitals. Indeed, besides an exhaustive analysis of the risks, this approach promotes collaboration, develops a quality culture and is an excellent tool for team and project management, as well as communication.

Risk Management in Work Activities at Ammonia Plant Fertilizer Production Industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Dhea Rizky Novandhini ◽  
M. Affan Mahfudz ◽  
Indriati Paskarini
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Risk Control ◽  
Hazard Identification ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Potential Hazard ◽  
Fertilizer Production ◽  
Ammonia Plant ◽  
Production Industry

 Introduction: PT X is one of the companies in fertilizer production industry. There are two high-risk activities that endanger the safety and health of workers, namely supervision of welding and oil level checking in ammonia plant field of PT X. The purpose of this research was to apply risk management to the activities. Method: This research was a descriptive study which was carried out in observation using a cross sectional design. Variables in this study included hazard identification, basic risk analysis, risk control that has been done, existing risk analysis, and risk reduction assessment. The tools used for the data collection were observation sheets, interview guide sheets, and Job Safety Analysis sheets. Data that has been obtained through observation and interviews was processed using Fine (1971) semi quantitative technique. Results: The results of hazard identification were known to have as many as 6 potential hazards. The assessment results in the basic risk analysis showed that the initial risk level consisted of 3 risks with very high level, 2 risks with a substantial level and 1 risk with priority 3 level. After the risk control effort was applied, the results of the assessment in the existing risk analysis showed that the level of risk has decreased significantly. Conclusion: The value of risk reduction of each potential hazard results decreases by 95%, 88.89%, 85%, 93.33%, 66.67%, and 75%.Keywords: ammonia plant, fertilizer production industry, risk management

Coordinated efforts in tsunami hazard and risk analyses in Europe and link to the Global Tsunami Model network initiative

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Finn Løvholt ◽  
Jörn Behrens ◽  
Stefano Lorito ◽  
Andrey Babeyko
Keyword(s):  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Tsunami Hazard ◽  
Seismic Sources ◽  
Global Risk ◽  
Model Network ◽  
Tsunami Risk ◽  
Hazard And Risk ◽  
Tsunami Model ◽  
Hazard And Risk Analysis

<p>The tsunami disasters of 2004 in the Indian Ocean and of 2011 along the Tohoku coast of Japan revealed severe gaps between the anticipated risk and consequences, with resulting loss of life and property. A similar observation is also relevant for the smaller, yet disastrous, tsunamis with unusual source characteristics such as the recent events in Palu Bay and Sunda Strait in 2018. The severe consequences were underestimated in part due to the lack of rigorous and accepted hazard analysis methods and large uncertainty in forecasting the tsunami sources. Population response to small recent tsunamis in the Mediterranean also revealed a lack of preparedness and awareness. While there is no absolute protection against large tsunamis, a more accurate analysis of the potential risk can help to minimize losses. The tsunami community has made significant progress in understanding tsunami hazard from seismic sources. However, this is only part of the inputs needed to effectively manage tsunami risk, which should be understood more holistically, including non-seismic sources, vulnerability in different dimensions and the overall societal effects, in addition to its interaction with other hazards and cascading effects. Moreover, higher standards need to be achieved to manage and quantify uncertainty, which govern our basis for tsunami risk decision making. Hence, a collective community effort is needed to effectively handle all these challenges across disciplines and trades, from researchers to stakeholders. To coordinate and streamline these activities and make progress towards implementing the Sendai Framework of Disaster Risk Reduction (SFDRR) the Global Tsunami Model network (GTM) was initiated in 2015 towards enhancing our understanding of tsunami hazard and risk from a local to global scale. Here, we focus on coordinated European efforts, sharing the same goals as GTM, towards improving standards and best practices for tsunami risk reduction. The networking initiative, AGITHAR (Accelerating Global science In Tsunami HAzard and Risk Analysis), is a European COST Action, aims to assess, benchmark, improve, and document methods to analyse tsunami hazard and risk, understand and communicate the uncertainty involved, and interact with stakeholders in order to understand the societal needs and thus contribute to their effort to minimize losses. In this presentation, we provide an overview of the suite of methodologies used for tsunami hazard and risk analysis, review state of the art in global tsunami hazard and risk analysis, dating back to results from the Global Risk Model in 2015, and highlight possible gaps and challenges. We further discuss how AGITHAR and GTM will address how to tackle these challenges, and finally, discuss how global and regional structures such as the European Plate Observing System (EPOS) and the UNDRR Global Risk Assessment Framework (GRAF) can facilitate and mutually benefit towards an integrated framework of services aiding improved understanding of multiple hazards.</p>

scholarly journals Enhancing local action planning through quantitative flood risk analysis: a case study in Spain

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesica T. Castillo-Rodríguez ◽  
Ignacio Escuder-Bueno ◽  
Sara Perales-Momparler ◽  
Juan R. Porta-Sancho
Keyword(s):  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Action Planning ◽  
Local Action ◽  
Eastern Coast ◽  
Hazard Mapping ◽  
System Response ◽  
Risk Modeling ◽  
Flood Risk Analysis

Abstract. This article presents a method to incorporate and promote quantitative flood risk analysis to support local action planning against flooding. The proposed approach aims to provide a standardized framework for local flood risk analysis, combining hazard mapping with vulnerability data to quantify risk in terms of expected annual affected population, potential injuries, number of fatalities, and economic damages. Flood risk is estimated combining GIS data of loads, system response and consequences and using event tree modeling for risk calculation. The study area is the city of Oliva, located in the Eastern coast of Spain. Results from risk modeling have been used to inform local action planning and to assess the benefits of structural and non-structural risk reduction measures. Results show the potential impact on risk reduction of flood defences, and improved warning communication schemes through local action planning: societal flood risk (in terms of annual expected affected population) would be reduced up to 51 % by combining both structural and non-structural measures. In addition, the effect of seasonal population variability is analyzed (annual expected affected population ranges from 82 % to 107 %, compared with the current situation, depending on occupancy rates in hotels and campsites). Results highlight the need for standardized methods for urban flood risk analysis replicability at regional, national and pan-European scale.

scholarly journals Flood Risk Analysis for Critical Infrastructure Protection: Issues and Opportunities in Less Developed Societies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ugonna C. Nkwunonwo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Critical Infrastructure Protection ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Infrastructure Protection ◽  
Flood Risk Analysis ◽  
Flood Risk Reduction

This chapter presents all-important discussions relating to flood risk analysis which arguably is a subject of overwhelming significance within the context of less developed societies, for example Nigeria. Whilst a possible means of eradicating flooding from human environment is inconceivable, debates for more effective flood risk reduction methodologies for critical infrastructure protection must continue. Increased population and urbanisation scenarios drive worsened flood risk which trigger increased efforts for corporate adaptability to flooding. To ensure that social systems can cope with floods, it is important to investigate why best practices in flood risk reduction are not fully applicable. This chapter explores these issues drawing from extant dialogues on flood risk management (FRM). Arguably, the current flood modelling techniques and assessment of vulnerability operations largely do not support a realistic analysis of flood risk. Funnelled through an interpretative research paradigm, the chapter conceives that these limitations fall under five cardinal issues – (1) data, (2) theories and concepts, (3) existing flood risk analyses methods, (4) legislation and policy, and (5) sustainable development. It argues that the realisation of a more effective flood risk reduction for the poorer and less developed societies will depend on effective tackling of these issues which creates opportunities for flood risk analyses through simplified approaches, and use of free and open geospatial data infrastructure.

scholarly journals RISK ANALYSIS IN THE INVESTMENTS OF CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS/RIZIKOS ANALIZĖS REIKŠMĖ STATYBOS INVESTICINIAMS PROJEKTAMS

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
Rima Tamošiūnienė
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Point Analysis ◽  
Legal Risks ◽  
Reduction Methods ◽  
Technical Risks ◽  
Breakeven Point

Lithuanian economy transformation into a market economy extremely increased the risk of enterprises. Transition from a producer market to a consumer market caused the technological innovations in construction business. It needs long-term investments. So the management of such investments risk is a problem of today. The paper deals with indentifying conceptual problems of risk and uncertainty definition as well as indicators for the quantitative risk management. Some aspects of the application of the risk management ideology which is thought as risk analysis and risk reduction are discussed. Risk analysis includes methods such as sensitivity analysis, breakeven point analysis, mathematical programming methods, scenario analysis, Monte-Carlo technique etc. There are many types of risk in business. Risks can be classified as external unforeseeable risks, external foreseeable (but not determined) risks, operating risks, technical risks, legal risks etc. The first step in risk management is the risk analysis, then follows the application of risk reduction methods.

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