Uncovering the Neural Substrates of Language: A Voxel-Based Lesion-Symptom Mapping Approach

AbstractComplex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a common poststroke complication. However, the neural substrates associated with CRPS remain unclear. We investigated the neural correlates associated with poststroke CRPS using voxel-based lesion‒symptom mapping (VLSM) analysis. Among 145 patients with ischemic stroke, 35 were diagnosed with CRPS and categorized into the poststroke CRPS group, and the remaining 110 into the control group. We compared the clinical characteristics between the groups. VLSM analysis was performed to identify the brain region associated with the development of poststroke CRPS. The clinical findings suggested that the poststroke CRPS group had lower muscle strength; lower scores on Fugl‒Meyer assessment, Manual Function Test, Mini-Mental Status Examination; and higher incidence of absent somatosensory evoked potentials in the median nerve than the control group. The head of the caudate nucleus, putamen, and white matter complexes in the corona radiata were significantly associated with poststroke CRPS development in ischemic stroke patients. These results facilitate an understanding of poststroke CRPS pathophysiology. Monitoring patients with lesions in these structures may aid the prevention and early treatment of poststroke CRPS.

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Focal left prefrontal lesions and cognitive impairment: A multivariate lesion-symptom mapping approach

Neuropsychologia ◽

10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.107253 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 136 ◽

pp. 107253 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sandra Arbula ◽

Ettore Ambrosini ◽

Alessandro Della Puppa ◽

Serena De Pellegrin ◽

Mariagiulia Anglani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mapping Approach ◽

Lesion Symptom Mapping

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Distinct Neural Substrates Support Phonological and Orthographic Working Memory: Implications for Theories of Working Memory

Frontiers in Neurology ◽

10.3389/fneur.2021.681141 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Jeremy Purcell ◽

Brenda Rapp ◽

Randi C. Martin

Keyword(s):

Working Memory ◽

Neural Substrates ◽

Angular Gyrus ◽

Long Term Memory ◽

Neural Basis ◽

Domain Specific ◽

Memory Representations ◽

Attentional System ◽

Lesion Symptom Mapping

Prior behavioral and neuroimaging evidence supports a separation between working memory capacities in the phonological and orthographic domains. Although these data indicate distinct buffers for orthographic and phonological information, prior neural evidence does indicate that nearby left inferior parietal regions support both of these working memory capacities. Given that no study has directly compared their neural substrates based on data from the same individuals, it is possible that there is a common left inferior parietal region shared by both working memory capacities. In fact, those endorsing an embedded processes account of working memory might suggest that parietal involvement reflects a domain-general attentional system that directs attention to long-term memory representations in the two domains, implying that the same neural region supports the two capacities. Thus, in this work, a multivariate lesion-symptom mapping approach was used to assess the neural basis of phonological and orthographic working memory using behavioral and lesion data from the same set of 37 individuals. The results showed a separation of the neural substrates, with regions in the angular gyrus supporting orthographic working memory and with regions primarily in the supramarginal gyrus supporting phonological working memory. The results thus argue against the parietal involvement as supporting a domain-general attentional mechanism and support a domain-specific buffer account of working memory.

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Lessons From the Neural Bases of Speech and Voice

Perspectives on Speech Science and Orofacial Disorders ◽

10.1044/ssod21.1.5 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 5-14

Author(s):

Christy L. Ludlow

Keyword(s):

Brain Networks ◽

Neural Substrates ◽

Voice Behavior ◽

Therapeutic Approaches ◽

Neural Bases ◽

Sound Foundation ◽

The Brain ◽

Normal Speech

The premise of this article is that increased understanding of the brain bases for normal speech and voice behavior will provide a sound foundation for developing therapeutic approaches to establish or re-establish these functions. The neural substrates involved in speech/voice behaviors, the types of muscle patterning for speech and voice, the brain networks involved and their regulation, and how they can be externally modulated for improving function will be addressed.

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