Space Charges

Author(s):  
Alain Toureille ◽  
Petru Notingher ◽  
Jérôme Castellon ◽  
Serge Agnel
Keyword(s):  
1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (S2) ◽  
pp. 609-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.L. Thiel ◽  
M.R. Hussein-Ismail ◽  
A.M. Donald

We have performed a theoretical investigation of the effects of space charges in the Environmental SEM (ESEM). The ElectroScan ESEM uses an electrostatic field to cause gas cascade amplification of secondary electron signals. Previous theoretical descriptions of the gas cascade process in the ESEM have assumed that distortion of the electric field due to space charges can be neglected. This assumption has now been tested and shown to be valid.In the ElectroScan ESEM, a positively biased detector is located above the sample, creating an electric field on the order of 105 V/m between the detector and sample surface. Secondary electrons leaving the sample are cascaded though the gas, amplifying the signal and creating positive ions. Because the electrons move very quickly through the gas, they do not accumulate in the specimen-to-detector gap. However, the velocity of the positive ions is limited by diffusion.


2002 ◽  
Vol 230-232 ◽  
pp. 575-578
Author(s):  
Eugen R. Neagu ◽  
José N. Marat-Mendes ◽  
C.J. Dias ◽  
Radu Neagu

2021 ◽  
Vol 317 ◽  
pp. 369-376
Author(s):  
Norhana Abdul Halim ◽  
Siti Zulaikha Ngah Demon ◽  
Norli Abdullah ◽  
Nurazlin Ahmad ◽  
Zul Hazrin Zainal Abidin

In this paper, trap levels around the glass transition temperature (Tg) of polymers have been characterized using Thermally Stimulated Current (TSC) technique. Deconvolution on α-peaks of the Tg for PE (-104 °C), plasticized PVC (-35 °C), PMMA (90 °C) and PET (96 °C) were carried out based on the first-order kinetic theory for non-Debye relaxation. Using temperature, T from TSC experimental data, we have successfully separated the α-peaks of the thermoplastic polymers. It is found that the complex curve of α-peaks can composed of four (4) to eight (8) sub peaks. Dominant sub peaks were identified at Tmax = -105 °C, -34 °C, 89 °C and 92 °C for PE, pPVC, PMMA and PET, respectively. These peaks show activation energy, Ea of shallow and deep trap centers ranged from 0.3 eV to 4.6 Ev where they represent the depolarization of localized dipoles and space charges relaxations in the polymers.


High Voltage ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Florkowski ◽  
Dariusz Krześniak ◽  
Maciej Kuniewski ◽  
Paweł Zydroń

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