Related Personality Disorders Located within an Elaborated Externalizing Psychopathology Spectrum

2017 ◽  
pp. 103-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Sellbom Bo Bach ◽  
Elizabeth Huxley
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Externalizing Psychopathology ◽  
Related Personality

scholarly journals Polygenic Score for Smoking Is Associated With Externalizing Psychopathology and Disinhibited Personality Traits but Not Internalizing Psychopathology in Adolescence

2021 ◽  
pp. 216770262110021
Author(s):  
Brian M. Hicks ◽  
D. Angus Clark ◽  
Joseph D. Deak ◽  
Mengzhen Liu ◽  
C. Emily Durbin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Behavioral Disinhibition ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Polygenic Score ◽  
Externalizing Psychopathology ◽  
Internalizing Psychopathology ◽  
Multiple Time Points ◽  
Related Personality

We examined whether a polygenic score (PGS) for smoking measured genetic risk for general behavioral disinhibition by estimating its associations with externalizing and internalizing psychopathology and related personality traits at multiple time points in adolescence (ages 11, 14, and 17 years; N = 3,225). The smoking PGS had strong associations with the stable variance across time for all the externalizing measures (mean standardized β = 0.27), agreeableness (β = −0.22, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [−0.28, −0.16]), and conscientiousness (β = −0.19, 95% CI = [−0.24, −0.13]) but was not significantly associated with internalizing measures (mean β = 0.06) or extraversion (β = 0.01, 95% CI = [−0.05, 0.07]). After controlling for smoking at age 17 years, the associations with externalizing, low agreeableness, and low conscientiousness remained statistically significant. The smoking PGS measures genetic influences that contribute to a spectrum of phenotypes related to behavioral disinhibition, including externalizing psychopathology and normal-range personality traits related to behavioral control but not internalizing psychopathology.

Brain perfusion SPECT in impulsivity-related personality disorders

2005 ◽  
Vol 157 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingeborg Goethals ◽  
Kurt Audenaert ◽  
Filip Jacobs ◽  
Fréderique Van den Eynde ◽  
Katrien Bernagie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Brain Perfusion ◽  
Brain Perfusion Spect ◽  
Perfusion Spect ◽  
Related Personality

Personality traits in schizophrenia and related personality disorders

2005 ◽  
Vol 133 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn M. Camisa ◽  
Marcia A. Bockbrader ◽  
Paul Lysaker ◽  
Lauren L. Rae ◽  
Colleen A. Brenner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Related Personality

scholarly journals A metastructural model of mental disorders and pathological personality traits

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (11) ◽  
pp. 2309-2319 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. C. Wright ◽  
L. J. Simms
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Pathological Personality Traits ◽  
Related Personality

BackgroundPsychiatric co-morbidity is extensive in both psychiatric settings and the general population. Such co-morbidity challenges whether DSM-based mental disorders serve to effectively carve nature at its joints. In response, a substantial literature has emerged showing that a small number of broad dimensions – internalizing, externalizing and psychoticism – can account for much of the observed covariation among common mental disorders. However, the location of personality disorders within this emerging metastructure has only recently been studied, and no studies have yet examined where pathological personality traits fit within such a broad metastructural framework.MethodWe conducted joint structural analyses of common mental disorders, personality disorders and pathological personality traits in a sample of 628 current or recent psychiatric out-patients.ResultsBridging across the psychopathology and personality trait literatures, the results provide evidence for a robust five-factor metastructure of psychopathology, including broad domains of symptoms and features related to internalizing, disinhibition, psychoticism, antagonism and detachment.ConclusionsThese results reveal evidence for a psychopathology metastructure that (a) parsimoniously accounts for much of the observed covariation among common mental disorders, personality disorders and related personality traits, and (b) provides an empirical basis for the organization and classification of mental disorder.

scholarly journals A Metastructural Model of Mental Disorders and Pathological Personality Traits

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aidan G.C. Wright ◽  
Leonard Simms
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidity ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Pathological Personality Traits ◽  
Related Personality

Background: Psychiatric comorbidity is extensive in both psychiatric settings and the general population. Such comorbidity challenges whether DSM-based mental disorders serve to effectively carve nature at its joints. In response, a substantial literature has emerged showing that a small number of broad dimensions—internalizing, externalizing, and psychoticism—can account for much of the observed covariation among common mental disorders. However, the location of personality disorders within this emerging metastructure has only recently been studied, and no studies have yet examined where pathological personality traits fit within such a broad metastructural framework.Methods: We conducted joint structural analyses of common mental disorders, personality disorders, and pathological personality traits in a sample of 628 current or recent psychiatric outpatients. Results: Bridging across the psychopathology and personality trait literatures, the results provide evidence for a robust five-factor metastructure of psychopathology, including broad domains of symptoms and features related to internalizing, disinhibition, psychoticism, antagonism, and detachment. Conclusions: These results reveal evidence for a psychopathology metastructure that (a) parsimoniously accounts for much of the observed covariation among common mental disorders, personality disorders, and related personality traits, and (b) provides an empirical basis for the organization and classification of mental disorder.

Tools & Resources: Impairment and Disability Web Sites

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 5-6
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
Outpatient Psychotherapy ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Not Otherwise Specified ◽  
Cluster B Personality Disorders ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract Personality disorders are enduring patterns of inner experience and behavior that deviate markedly from those expected by the individual's culture; these inflexible and pervasive patterns reflect issues with cognition, affectivity, interpersonal functioning and impulse control, and lead to clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. The AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment, Fourth Edition, defines two specific personality disorders, in addition to an eleventh condition, Personality Disorder Not Otherwise Specified. Cluster A personality disorders include paranoid, schizoid, and schizotypal personalities; of these, Paranoid Personality Disorder probably is most common in the legal arena. Cluster B personality disorders include antisocial, borderline, histrionic, and narcissistic personality. Such people may suffer from frantic efforts to avoid perceived abandonment, patterns of unstable and intense interpersonal relationships, an identity disturbance, and impulsivity. Legal issues that involve individuals with cluster B personality disorders often involve determination of causation of the person's problems, assessment of claims of harassment, and assessment of the person's fitness for employment. Cluster C personality disorders include avoidant, dependent, and obsessive-compulsive personality. Two case histories illustrate some of the complexities of assessing impairment in workers with personality disorders, including drug abuse, hospitalizations, and inpatient and outpatient psychotherapy.

Test-Retest Reliability of a Self-Report Questionnaire for DSM-IV and ICD-10 Personality Disorders

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Ottosson ◽  
Martin Grann ◽  
Gunnar Kullgren
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Anxiety State ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Summary: Short-term stability or test-retest reliability of self-reported personality traits is likely to be biased if the respondent is affected by a depressive or anxiety state. However, in some studies, DSM-oriented self-reported instruments have proved to be reasonably stable in the short term, regardless of co-occurring depressive or anxiety disorders. In the present study, we examined the short-term test-retest reliability of a new self-report questionnaire for personality disorder diagnosis (DIP-Q) on a clinical sample of 30 individuals, having either a depressive, an anxiety, or no axis-I disorder. Test-retest scorings from subjects with depressive disorders were mostly unstable, with a significant change in fulfilled criteria between entry and retest for three out of ten personality disorders: borderline, avoidant and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. Scorings from subjects with anxiety disorders were unstable only for cluster C and dependent personality disorder items. In the absence of co-morbid depressive or anxiety disorders, mean dimensional scores of DIP-Q showed no significant differences between entry and retest. Overall, the effect from state on trait scorings was moderate, and it is concluded that test-retest reliability for DIP-Q is acceptable.

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