Type 2 Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome Patients: Management Recommendations for Reducing Cardiovascular Risk

2009 ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
F. D. Richard Hobbs ◽  
E. McGregor ◽  
J. Betteridge
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Management Recommendations

Role of nicotinic acid in raising high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) to reduce cardiovascular risk: an Asian/Pacific consensus

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. S1-S15
Author(s):  
Philip Barter
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Nicotinic Acid ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Pharmacological Intervention

ardiovascular disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Asia, and the burden of disease is expected to rise further in the 21st century. As in Western populations, dyslipidaemia is an important cardiovascular risk factor in Asian people. International guidelines focus on reduction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) for prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease (CHD). However, increasing body mass index and prevalence of type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome in Asia have highlighted the importance of low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) as a coronary risk factor. Therapeutic lifestyle changes and pharmacological intervention aimed at raising HDL-C, should benefit such patients. Weight loss and physical However, to achieve target HDL-C levels exercise are important interventions for raising HDL-C. pharmacological intervention is usually necessary. Current treatment options include statins, fibrates and nicotinic acid, either as monotherapy or in combination. Statins are generally regarded as the foundation of lipid-modifying therapy. Mainly via reduction of LDL-C. Both fibrates and nicotinic acidare effective in raising HDL-C levels, and reducing triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. The efficacy and safety profile of nicotinic acid demonstrated in Western populations indicates the clinical benefits of this therapy either alone or in combination with a statin. Based on the available evidence, the Pan-Asian Consensus Panel recommends that HDL-C levels should be raised to at least 1.0 mmol/L (40 mg/dL) in Asian patients with CHD or with a high level of risk for premature vascular disease, including patients at high risk with type 2 diabetes or the metabolic syndrome.

Metabolic Syndrome as a Cardiovascular Risk Factor in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

2004 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 507-513
Author(s):  
José A. Gimeno Orna ◽  
Luis M. Lou Arnal ◽  
Edmundo Molinero Herguedas ◽  
Beatriz Boned Julián ◽  
Desirée P. Portilla Córdoba
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factor

scholarly journals Exercise training to reduce cardiovascular risk in patients with metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus: How does it work?

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 701-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolle Kränkel ◽  
Martin Bahls ◽  
Emeline M. Van Craenenbroeck ◽  
Volker Adams ◽  
Luis Serratosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Individual Risk

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) – a clustering of pathological conditions, including abdominal obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia and hyperglycaemia – is closely associated with the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and a high risk of cardiovascular disease. A combination of multigenetic predisposition and lifestyle choices accounts for the varying inter-individual risk to develop MetS and T2DM, as well as for the individual amount of the increase in cardiovascular risk in those patients. A physically active lifestyle can offset about half of the genetically mediated cardiovascular risk. Yet, the extent to which standardized exercise programmes can reduce cardiovascular risk differs between patients. Exercise parameters, such as frequency, intensity, type and duration or number of repetitions, differentially target metabolic function, vascular health and physical fitness. In addition, exercise-induced molecular mechanisms are modulated by other patient-specific variables, such as age, diet and medication. This review discusses the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the effects of exercise training on cardiovascular risk specifically in patients with MetS and T2DM.

Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Ja Kim ◽  
Hee Sun Kang ◽  
Elizabeth A. Schlenk ◽  
Sun-Mi Chae
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk
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