A geometric morphometric approach to investigate primate proximal phalanx diaphysis shape

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie E. Wennemann ◽  
Kristi L. Lewton ◽  
Caley M. Orr ◽  
Sergio Almécija ◽  
Matthew W. Tocheri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proximal Phalanx ◽  
Geometric Morphometric

Combining Values

2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-4, 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Brigham
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Proximal Phalanx ◽  
Common Error ◽  
The Third ◽  
Whole Person ◽  
Impairment Ratings ◽  
Upper Extremity Impairment ◽  
The Individual

Abstract To account for the effects of multiple impairments, evaluating physicians must provide a summary value that combines multiple impairments so the whole person impairment is equal to or less than the sum of all the individual impairment values. A common error is to add values that should be combined and typically results in an inflated rating. The Combined Values Chart in the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment, Fifth Edition, includes instructions that guide physicians about combining impairment ratings. For example, impairment values within a region generally are combined and converted to a whole person permanent impairment before combination with the results from other regions (exceptions include certain impairments of the spine and extremities). When they combine three or more values, physicians should select and combine the two lowest values; this value is combined with the third value to yield the total value. Upper extremity impairment ratings are combined based on the principle that a second and each succeeding impairment applies not to the whole unit (eg, whole finger) but only to the part that remains (eg, proximal phalanx). Physicians who combine lower extremity impairments usually use only one evaluation method, but, if more than one method is used, the physician should use the Combined Values Chart.

Secondary Fractures Following Internal Fixation in Two Horses

1989 ◽  
Vol 02 (03) ◽  
pp. 125-128
Author(s):  
E. M. Gaughan ◽  
N. G. Duchar
Keyword(s):  
Internal Fixation ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Proximal Phalanx ◽  
Fracture Repair ◽  
Fracture Line ◽  
Carpal Bone ◽  
Fracture Plane ◽  
The Third ◽  
Lag Screw ◽  
Secondary Fractures

SummaryImplant associated fractures have not been reported in horses. Two horses were evaluated for fractures in the fore limbs, occurring subsequent to previous fracture repair. Previously, the horses had sustained fractures of unusual configurations which were repaired using internal fixation. Following repair and healing of the fractures, secondary fractures occurred in the same bone, but in a different (more common) configuration. The first horse was evaluated ten months following lag screw fixation of a longitudinal fracture of the proximal phalanx in a frontal plane. This horse presented with a more typical comminuted fracture in the sagittal plane with the screws from the first fixation lying in the fracture line. This fracture was successfully treated with a cast. The second horse was examined eightteen months after repair of a medial sagittal slab fracture of the third carpal bone. The horse presented with a more typical dorsal slab fracture of the third carpal bone with the previously placed lag screw lying in the fracture line. The screw was removed and a lag screw was placed perpendicular to the new fracture plane through the dorsal surface of the third carpal bone to repair the fracture.

Analysis of the differences between Syntormon pallipes and S. pseudospicatus (Diptera: Dolichopodidae): morphological and molecular data

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-316
Author(s):  
M.A. Chursina ◽  
I.Ya. Grichanov
Keyword(s):  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Wing Shape ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
12S Rrna ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Geometric Morphometric ◽  
Geometric Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

The recent catalogues of the family Dolichopodidae considered Syntormon pallipes (Fabricius, 1794) and S. pseudospicatus Strobl, 1899 as separate species. In this study, we used three approaches to estimate the significance of differences between the two species: molecular analysis (COI and 12S rRNA sequences), analysis of leg colour characters and geometric morphometric analysis of wing shape. The morphological data confirmed the absence of significant differences between S. pallipes and S. pseudospicatus found in the DNA analysis. Significant differences in the wing shape of two species have not been revealed. Hence, according to our data, there is no reason to consider S. pseudospicatus as a distinct species.

Trans-metacarpal Screw Fixation for Extra-articular Proximal Phalangeal Base Fractures

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (01) ◽  
pp. 35-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eichi Itadera ◽  
Takahiro Yamazaki
Keyword(s):  
Screw Fixation ◽  
Proximal Phalanx ◽  
Metacarpophalangeal Joint ◽  
Fixation Method ◽  
Compression Screw ◽  
Metacarpal Head ◽  
Headless Compression Screw ◽  
Articular Fractures ◽  
Intramedullary Canal ◽  
Cannulated Drill

We developed a new internal fixation method for extra-articular fractures at the base of the proximal phalanx using a headless compression screw to achieve rigid fracture fixation through a relatively easy technique. With the metacarpophalangeal joint of the involved finger flexed, a smooth guide-pin is inserted into the intramedullary canal of the proximal phalanx through the metacarpal head and metacarpophalangeal joint. Insertion tunnels are made over the guide-pin using a cannulated drill. Then, a headless cannulated screw is placed into the proximal phalanx. All of five fractures treated by this procedure obtained satisfactory results.

scholarly journals Hand tumors: A review of 186 patients at a single institute

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 230949902199399
Author(s):  
Taketsugu Fujibuchi ◽  
Hiroshi Imai ◽  
Joji Miyawaki ◽  
Teruki Kidani ◽  
Hiroshi Kiyomatsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Proximal Phalanx ◽  
Delayed Diagnosis ◽  
Ring Finger ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Maximal Diameter ◽  
Benign Soft Tissue Tumors

Purpose: The spectrum of diagnoses and clinical features of hand tumors differ from those of tumors in other body parts. However, only a few reports have comprehensively referenced the diagnosis and clinical features of hand tumors. This study aimed to elucidate the diagnostic distribution and the clinical features of hand tumors undergone surgery in our institute. Patients and methods: A total of 235 lesions in 186 patients diagnosed with hand tumors between 1978 and 2020 were reviewed. Age at surgery, gender, chief complaint, tumor location, and pathological diagnosis were analyzed. Results: There were 121 benign bone tumors, 98 benign soft tissue tumors, and 16 malignant tumors. Chondroma and tenosynovial giant cell tumor were common benign bone and soft tissue tumors at the proximal phalanx of the ring finger and the palm, respectively. Meanwhile, chondrosarcoma and synovial sarcoma were common malignant tumors at the dorsal part of the hand. Local pain and painless mass were the chief complaints in patients with benign bone and soft tissue tumors, respectively. Most patients with malignant tumors were referred after unplanned resection. When patients were classified into two categories by tumor size according to maximal diameter, tumors larger than 19 mm had a significantly higher risk of malignant ( p = 0.031) despite being smaller than other tumors in different body parts. Conclusion: When a tumor malignancy is suspected, the patient should be referred to a specialist to avoid unplanned resection or delayed diagnosis due to misdiagnosis. Knowing the distribution and clinical features should help in diagnosing hand tumors.

scholarly journals Geometric morphometric investigation of craniofacial morphological change in domesticated silver foxes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy M. Kistner ◽  
Katherine D. Zink ◽  
Steven Worthington ◽  
Daniel E. Lieberman
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cranial Base ◽  
Craniofacial Morphology ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Skeletal Morphology ◽  
Geometric Morphometric ◽  
Domestication Syndrome ◽  
Morphometric Investigation ◽  
Unselected Population

AbstractTo test the effects of domestication on craniofacial skeletal morphology, we used three-dimensional geometric morphometrics (GM) along with linear and endocranial measurements to compare selected (domesticated) and unselected foxes from the Russian Farm-Fox Experiment to wild foxes from the progenitor population from which the farmed foxes are derived. Contrary to previous findings, we find that domesticated and unselected foxes show minimal differences in craniofacial shape and size compared to the more substantial differences between the wild foxes and both populations of farmed foxes. GM analyses and linear measurements demonstrate that wild foxes differ from farmed foxes largely in terms of less cranial base flexion, relatively expanded cranial vaults, and increased endocranial volumes. These results challenge the assumption that the unselected population of foxes kept as part of the Russian Farm-Fox experiment are an appropriate proxy for ‘wild’ foxes in terms of craniofacial morphology and highlight the need to include wild populations in further studies of domestication syndrome to disentangle the phenotypic effects of multiple selection pressures. These findings also suggest that marked increases in docility cannot be reliably diagnosed from shape differences in craniofacial skeletal morphology.

scholarly journals Arothron: An R package for geometric morphometric methods and virtual anthropology applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Profico Antonio ◽  
Buzi Costantino ◽  
Castiglione Silvia ◽  
Melchionna Marina ◽  
Piras Paolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
R Package ◽  
Geometric Morphometric ◽  
Morphometric Methods ◽  
Virtual Anthropology
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