Effects of iron and/or inflammation on regional brain magnetic resonance imaging T1 and T2 in an Alzheimer’s disease mouse model

Introduction. Measurement of an- hippocampal area or volume is useful in clinical practice as a supportive aid for diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease. Since it is time-consuming and not simple, it is not being used very often. We present a simplified protocol for hippocampal atrophy evaluation based on a single optimal slice in Alzheimer’s disease. Methods. We defined a single optimal slice for hippocampal measurement on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at the plane where the amygdala disappears and only the hippocampus is present. We compared an absolute area and volume of the hippocampus on this optimal slice between 40 patients with Alzheimer disease and 40 age-, education- and gender-mateched elderly controls. Furthermore, we compared these results with those relative to the size of the brain or the skull: the area of the optimal slice normalized to the area of the brain at anterior commissure and the volume of the hippocampus normalized to the total intracranial volume. Results. Hippocampal areas on the single optimal slice and hippocampal volumes on the left and right in the control group were significantly higher than those in the AD group. Normalized hippocampal areas and volumes on the left and right in the control group were significantly higher compared to the AD group. Absolute hippocampal areas and volumes did not significantly differ from corresponding normalized hippocampal areas as well as normalized hippocampal volumes using comparisons of areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves. Conclusion. The hippocampal area on the well-defined optimal slice of brain MRI can reliably substitute a complicated measurement of the hippocampal volume. Surprisingly, brain or skull normalization of these variables does not add any incremental differentiation between Alzheimer disease patients and controls or give better results.

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Progression of Alzheimer's disease and effect of scFv‐h3D6 immunotherapy in the 3xTg‐AD mouse model: An in vivo longitudinal study using Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy

NMR in Biomedicine ◽

10.1002/nbm.4263 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 (5) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. Güell‐Bosch ◽

S. Lope‐Piedrafita ◽

G. Esquerda‐Canals ◽

L. Montoliu‐Gaya ◽

S. Villegas

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Mouse Model ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Imaging And Spectroscopy ◽

Ad Mouse Model

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Late-life cynical hostility is associated with white matter alterations and the risk of Alzheimer's disease

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291721000416 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Fabienne Cyprien ◽

Claudine Berr ◽

Jerome J. Maller ◽

Chantal Meslin ◽

Mélissa Gentreau ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

White Matter ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Late Life ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Cynical Hostility

Abstract Background Cynical hostility (CH), a specific dimension of hostility that consists of a mistrust of others, has been suggested as a high-risk trait for dementia. However, the influence of CH on the incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains poorly understood. This study investigated whether late-life CH is associated with AD risk and structural neuroimaging markers of AD. Methods In community-dwelling older adults from the French ESPRIT cohort (n = 1388), incident dementia rate according to CH level was monitored during an 8-year follow-up and analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression models. Brain magnetic resonance imaging volumes were measured at baseline (n = 508). Using automated segmentation procedures (Freesurfer 6.0), the authors assessed brain grey and white volumes on all magnetic resonance imaging scans. They also measured white matter hyperintensities volumes using semi-automated procedures. Mean volumes according to the level of CH were compared using ANOVA. Results Eighty-four participants developed dementia (32 with AD). After controlling for potential confounders, high CH was predictive of AD (HR 2.74; 95% CI 1.10–6.85; p = 0.030) and all dementia types are taken together (HR 2.30; 95% CI 1.10–4.80; p = 0.027). High CH was associated with white matter alterations, particularly smaller anterior corpus callosum volume (p < 0.01) after False Discovery Rate correction, but not with grey matter volumes. Conclusions High CH in late life is associated with cerebral white matter alterations, designated as early markers of dementia, and higher AD risk. Identifying lifestyle and biological determinants related to CH could provide clues on AD physiopathology and avenues for prevention strategies.

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