The Yonsei Lifestyle Profile for adults and the older adults: Development and test‐retest reliability

BACKGROUND To assess whether commercial-grade activity monitors are appropriate for measuring step counts in older adults, it is essential to evaluate their measurement properties in this population. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate test-retest reliability and criterion validity of step counting in older adults with self-reported intact and limited mobility from 6 commercial-grade activity monitors: Fitbit Charge, Fitbit One, Garmin vívofit 2, Jawbone UP2, Misfit Shine, and New-Lifestyles NL-1000. METHODS For test-retest reliability, participants completed two 100-step overground walks at a usual pace while wearing all monitors. We tested the effects of the activity monitor and mobility status on the absolute difference in step count error (%) and computed the standard error of measurement (SEM) between repeat trials. To assess criterion validity, participants completed two 400-meter overground walks at a usual pace while wearing all monitors. The first walk was continuous; the second walk incorporated interruptions to mimic the conditions of daily walking. Criterion step counts were from the researcher tally count. We estimated the effects of the activity monitor, mobility status, and walk interruptions on step count error (%). We also generated Bland-Altman plots and conducted equivalence tests. RESULTS A total of 36 individuals participated (n=20 intact mobility and n=16 limited mobility; 19/36, 53% female) with a mean age of 71.4 (SD 4.7) years and BMI of 29.4 (SD 5.9) kg/m2. Considering test-retest reliability, there was an effect of the activity monitor (P<.001). The Fitbit One (1.0%, 95% CI 0.6% to 1.3%), the New-Lifestyles NL-1000 (2.6%, 95% CI 1.3% to 3.9%), and the Garmin vívofit 2 (6.0%, 95 CI 3.2% to 8.8%) had the smallest mean absolute differences in step count errors. The SEM values ranged from 1.0% (Fitbit One) to 23.5% (Jawbone UP2). Regarding criterion validity, all monitors undercounted the steps. Step count error was affected by the activity monitor (P<.001) and walk interruptions (P=.02). Three monitors had small mean step count errors: Misfit Shine (−1.3%, 95% CI −19.5% to 16.8%), Fitbit One (−2.1%, 95% CI −6.1% to 2.0%), and New-Lifestyles NL-1000 (−4.3%, 95 CI −18.9% to 10.3%). Mean step count error was larger during interrupted walking than continuous walking (−5.5% vs −3.6%; P=.02). Bland-Altman plots illustrated nonsystematic bias and small limits of agreement for Fitbit One and Jawbone UP2. Mean step count error lay within an equivalence bound of ±5% for Fitbit One (P<.001) and Misfit Shine (P=.001). CONCLUSIONS Test-retest reliability and criterion validity of step counting varied across 6 consumer-grade activity monitors worn by older adults with self-reported intact and limited mobility. Walk interruptions increased the step count error for all monitors, whereas mobility status did not affect the step count error. The hip-worn Fitbit One was the only monitor with high test-retest reliability and criterion validity.

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The development and initial validation of the Chinese Significant Wish Fulfillment Scale

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610210001341 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 442-449

Author(s):

Amy Y. M. Chow ◽

Meetim Chow ◽

Catherine K. P. Wan ◽

Katherine K. L. Wong ◽

Rita W. T. Cheung

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Factor Analysis ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Internal Reliability ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Wish Fulfillment ◽

Test Retest Reliability ◽

Development And Validation ◽

Depth Interviews

ABSTRACTBackground: This paper reports the development and validation of the Chinese Significant Wish Fulfillment Scale (CSWFS), a new multidimensional scale for assessing the perceived importance and level of fulfillment of wishes of older adults.Methods: Three studies were involved. Study 1 developed a 26-item pool on wish fulfillment through in-depth interviews with 22 older adults. Study 2 reduced the pool to 23 items through validation with a new sample of 315 older adults and examined the internal reliability. Study 3 involved a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and examined the test-retest reliability and the convergent validity of the scale with the construct of regret.Results: A five-factor structure model of 23 items was identified through exploratory factor analysis, which accounted for 51.67% of variance. As informed by the CFA in Study 3, a five-factor 22-item model was the best fit. Internal reliability and test-retest reliability was found to be good. Convergent validity was examined through correlation with the construct of future regret. The correlation, though statistically significant, was small.Conclusion: CSWFS demonstrates good psychometric properties, but the construct might be slightly different from that of future regrets. Probably, CSWFS addresses a construct that is under-explored but is of importance to older adults and especially to the Chinese community.

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Older adults’ performance on the speech, spatial, and qualities of hearing scale (SSQ): Test-retest reliability and a comparison of interview and self-administration methods

International Journal of Audiology ◽

10.3109/14992027.2010.491097 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 49 (10) ◽

pp. 733-740 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Gurjit Singh ◽

M. Kathleen Pichora-Fuller

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Self Administration ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Test Retest Reliability ◽

Administration Methods

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Test-retest Reliability Of A Computerized Balance Assessment On Static And Dynamic Balance In Older Adults

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1249/01.mss.0000401970.25912.3e ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 43 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. 711

Author(s):

Makoto Narita ◽

Daisuke Koizumi ◽

Nobuo Takeshima ◽

Nicole L. Rogers ◽

Michael E. Rogers

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Dynamic Balance ◽

Balance Assessment ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Test Retest Reliability

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The test-retest reliability and concurrent validity of the five times sit to stand test and step test in older adults with total hip arthroplasty

Experimental Gerontology ◽

10.1016/j.exger.2020.111143 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 142 ◽

pp. 111143

Author(s):

Fatih Özden ◽

Gökhan Coşkun ◽

Serkan Bakırhan

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽

Hip Arthroplasty ◽

Concurrent Validity ◽

Step Test ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Stand Test ◽

Total Hip ◽

Sit To Stand ◽

Test Retest Reliability

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The Modified Gait Efficacy Scale: Establishing the Psychometric Properties in Older Adults

Physical Therapy ◽

10.2522/ptj.20110053 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 92 (2) ◽

pp. 318-328 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Alaina M. Newell ◽

Jessie M. VanSwearingen ◽

Elizabeth Hile ◽

Jennifer S. Brach

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Self Report ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

And Performance ◽

Test Retest Reliability ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

BackgroundPerceived ability or confidence plays an important role in determining function and behavior. The modified Gait Efficacy Scale (mGES) is a 10-item self-report measure used to assess walking confidence under challenging everyday circumstances.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to determine the reliability, internal consistency, and validity of the mGES as a measure of gait in older adults.DesignThis was a cross-sectional study.MethodsParticipants were 102 community-dwelling older adults (mean [±SD] age=78.6±6.1 years) who were independent in ambulation with or without an assistive device. Participants were assessed using the mGES and measures of confidence and fear, measures of function and disability, and performance-based measures of mobility. In a subsample (n=26), the mGES was administered twice within a 1-month period to establish test-retest reliability through the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC [2,1]). The standard error of measure (SEM) was determined from the ICC and standard deviation. The Cronbach α value was calculated to determine internal consistency. To establish the validity of the mGES, the Spearman rank order correlation coefficient was used to examine the association with measures of confidence, fear, gait, and physical function and disability.ResultsThe mGES demonstrated test-retest reliability within the 1-month period (ICC=.93, 95% confidence interval=.85, .97). The SEM of the mGES was 5.23. The mGES was internally consistent across the 10 items (Cronbach α=.94). The mGES was related to measures of confidence and fear (r=.54–.88), function and disability (Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument, r=.32–.88), and performance-based mobility (r=.38–.64).LimitationsThis study examined only community-dwelling older adults. The results, therefore, should not be generalized to other patient populations.ConclusionThe mGES is a reliable and valid measure of confidence in walking among community-dwelling older adults.

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The Groningen Meander Walking Test: A Dynamic Walking Test for Older Adults With Dementia

Physical Therapy ◽

10.2522/ptj.20130077 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 94 (2) ◽

pp. 262-272 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Willem J.R. Bossers ◽

Lucas H.V. van der Woude ◽

Froukje Boersma ◽

Erik J.A. Scherder ◽

Marieke J.G. van Heuvelen

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Test Performance ◽

Adherence Rate ◽

Test Duration ◽

Dynamic Walking ◽

Time Score ◽

Walking Test ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

People With Dementia ◽

Test Retest Reliability

BackgroundCurrent dynamic walking tests, used in studies with older adults with dementia, rely strongly on healthy cognitive and physical function. Therefore, the Groningen Meander Walking Test (GMWT) was developed specifically for people with dementia. The aim of the GMWT is to measure dynamic walking ability by walking over a meandering curved line, with an emphasis on walking speed and stepping accuracy, while changing direction.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility, test-retest reliability, and minimal detectable change (MDC) of the GMWT.DesignA repeated-measures design was used.MethodsForty-two people with dementia participated in the study. Adherence rate, adverse events, repetition of instructions during test performance, test duration, and number of oversteps were assessed.ResultsThe adherence rate was excellent, with no adverse events. No repetitive instructions were given during test performance, and test duration was short (mean=17.16 seconds) with few oversteps (mean=1.94 oversteps). Test-retest reliability for participants without a walking device was excellent for the GMWT time score (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]=.942), with an MDC of 2.96 seconds. Test-retest reliability for participants with a 4-wheeled walker (4WW) was moderate (ICC=.837), with an MDC of 10.35 seconds. For the overstep score, a marginal ICC of .630 was found, with an MDC of 4.38 oversteps.LimitationsNo fall data were available, and there was a volunteer bias.ConclusionsThe GMWT is a feasible test for people with dementia. With the GMWT time score, a reliable and sensitive field test to measure walking abilities in older adults with dementia is available. The GMWT overstep score can be used to give information about the execution according to protocol and should be emphasized during the instructions. Future studies need to investigate the validity of the GMWT.

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Test-retest reliability and minimal detectable change of the Contextual Memory Test in older adults with and without mild cognitive impairment

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0236654 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (7) ◽

pp. e0236654

Author(s):

Wan-wen Liao ◽

Ching-yi Wu ◽

Chien-Hsiou Liu ◽

Szu-hung Lin ◽

Hui-Yan Chiau ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Memory Test ◽

Minimal Detectable Change ◽

Detectable Change ◽

Contextual Memory ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Test Retest Reliability

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The reliability and validity of novel clinical strength measures of the upper body in older adults

Hand Therapy ◽

10.1177/1758998320957373 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 130-138

Author(s):

Hayley S Legg ◽

Jeff Spindor ◽

Reanne Dziendzielowski ◽

Sarah Sharkey ◽

Joel L Lanovaz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Upper Limb ◽

Assessment Tools ◽

Upper Body ◽

Minimal Detectable Change ◽

The Novel ◽

Precision Error ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Strength Assessment ◽

Test Retest Reliability

Introduction Research investigating psychometric properties of multi-joint upper body strength assessment tools for older adults is limited. This study aimed to assess the test–retest reliability and concurrent validity of novel clinical strength measures assessing functional concentric and eccentric pushing activities compared to other more traditional upper limb strength measures. Methods Seventeen participants (6 males and 11 females; 71 ± 10 years) were tested two days apart, performing three maximal repetitions of the novel measurements: vertical push-off test and dynamometer-controlled concentric and eccentric single-arm press. Three maximal repetitions of hand-grip dynamometry and isometric hand-held dynamometry for shoulder flexion, shoulder abduction and elbow extension were also collected. Results For all measures, strong test–retest reliability was shown (all ICC > 0.90, p < 0.001), root-mean-squared coefficient of variation percentage: 5–13.6%; standard error of mean: 0.17–1.15 Kg; and minimal detectable change (90%): 2.1–9.9. There were good to high significant correlations between the novel and traditional strength measures (all r > 0.8, p < 0.001). Discussion The push-off test and dynamometer-controlled concentric and eccentric single-arm press are reliable and valid strength measures feasible for testing multi-joint functional upper limb strength assessment in older adults. Higher precision error compared to traditional uni-planar measures warrants caution when completing comparative clinical assessments over time.

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