Review for "Diagnostic accuracy of cognitive screening tools under different neuropsychological definitions for poststroke cognitive impairment"

ABSTRACT Objectives: Cognitive impairment is common in individuals with substance use disorders (SUDs), yet no evidence-based guidelines exist regarding the most appropriate screening measure for use in this population. This systematic review aimed to (1) describe different cognitive screening measures used in adults with SUDs, (2) identify substance use populations and contexts these tools are utilised in, (3) review diagnostic accuracy of these screening measures versus an accepted objective reference standard, and (4) evaluate methodology of included studies for risk of bias. Methods: Online databases (PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Embase, and CINAHL) were searched for relevant studies according to pre-determined criteria, and risk of bias and applicability was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies–2 (QUADAS–2). At each review phase, dual screening, extraction, and quality ratings were performed. Results: Fourteen studies met inclusion, identifying 10 unique cognitive screening tools. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was the most common, and two novel screening tools (Brief Evaluation of Alcohol-Related Neuropsychological Impairments [BEARNI] and Brief Executive Function Assessment Tool [BEAT]) were specifically developed for use within SUD populations. Twelve studies reported on classification accuracy and relevant psychometric parameters (e.g., sensitivity and specificity). While several tools yielded acceptable to outstanding classification accuracy, there was poor adherence to the Standards for Reporting Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (STARD) across all studies, with high or unclear risk of methodological bias. Conclusions: While some screening tools exhibit promise for use within SUD populations, further evaluation with stronger methodological design and reporting is required. Clinical recommendations and future directions for research are discussed.

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Brief, Performance-Based Cognitive Screening in Youth Aged 12–25: A Systematic Review

Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society ◽

10.1017/s1355617720001241 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-20

Author(s):

Shayden D. Bryce ◽

Stephen C. Bowden ◽

Stephen J. Wood ◽

Kelly Allott

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

Screening Tools ◽

Cognitive Screening ◽

Diverse Range ◽

Cognitive Measure ◽

Quality Ratings ◽

Correlational Data ◽

Objective Reference

Abstract Objective: Cognitive screening is an efficient method of detecting cognitive impairment in adults and may signal need for comprehensive assessment. Cognitive screening is not, however, routinely used in youth aged 12–25, limiting clinical recommendations. The aims of this review were to describe performance-based cognitive screening tools used in people aged 12–25 and the contexts of use, review screening accuracy in detecting cognitive impairment relative to an objective reference standard, and evaluate the risk of bias of included studies. Method: Electronic databases (Scopus, Medline, PsychINFO, and ERIC) were searched for relevant studies according to pre-determined criteria. Risk of bias was rated using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2. Dual screening, extraction, and quality ratings occurred at each review phase. Results: Twenty studies met the review inclusion criteria. A diverse range of screening tools (length, format) were used in youth aged 12–25 with or without health conditions. Six studies investigating cognitive screening were conducted as primary accuracy studies and reported some relevant psychometric parameters (e.g., sensitivity and specificity). Fourteen studies presented correlational data to investigate the cognitive measure utility. Studies generally presented limited data on classification accuracy, which impacted full screening tool appraisal. Risk of bias was high (or unclear) in most studies with poor adherence to the Standards for Reporting Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (STARD) criteria. Conclusions: Few, high quality studies have investigated the utility of cognitive screening in youth aged 12–25, with no screening measure emerging as superior at detecting cognitive impairment in this age group.

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Screening for Alzheimer's disease in low-educated or illiterate older adults in Brazil: a systematic review

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria ◽

10.1590/0004-282x20190024 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 77 (4) ◽

pp. 279-288 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Luciane de Fátima Viola Ortega ◽

Ivan Aprahamian ◽

Marcus Kiiti Borges ◽

João de Castilho Cação ◽

Mônica Sanches Yassuda

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Screening Tools ◽

Screening Tests ◽

Screening Instruments ◽

Cognitive Screening ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Low Education ◽

Low Educated

ABSTRACT Cognitive screening instruments are influenced by education and/or culture. In Brazil, as illiteracy and low education rates are high, it is necessary to identify the screening tools with the highest diagnostic accuracy for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Objective: To identify the cognitive screening instruments applied in the Brazilian population with greater accuracy, to detect AD in individuals with a low educational level or who are illiterate. Methods: Systematic search in SciELO, PubMed and LILACS databases of studies that used cognitive screening tests to detect AD in older Brazilian adults with low or no education. Results: We found 328 articles and nine met the inclusion criteria. The identified instruments showed adequate or high diagnostic accuracy. Conclusion: For valid cognitive screening it is important to consider sociocultural and educational factors in the interpretation of results. The construction of specific instruments for the low educated or illiterate elderly should better reflect the difficulties of the Brazilian elderly in different regions of the country.

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Validation of the Sinhala Version of the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination-Revised for the Detection of Dementia in Sri Lanka: Comparison with the Mini-Mental Status Examination and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment

Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders ◽

10.1159/000497743 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 47 (4-6) ◽

pp. 198-208 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vindika Suriyakumara ◽

Srinivasan Srikanth ◽

Ruwani Wijeyekoon ◽

Harsha Gunasekara ◽

Chanaka Muthukuda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sri Lanka ◽

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Cognitive Assessment ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Screening Tools ◽

Montreal Cognitive Assessment ◽

Cutoff Score ◽

Cognitive Screening ◽

Dementia Prevalence ◽

Addenbrooke’S Cognitive Examination

Background: Sri Lanka is a rapidly aging country, where dementia prevalence will increase significantly in the future. Thus, inexpensive and sensitive cognitive screening tools are crucial. Objectives: To assess the reliability, validity, and diagnostic accuracy of the Sinhalese version of the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R s). Method: The ACE-R was translated into Sinhala with cultural and linguistic adaptations and administered, together with the Sinhala version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), to 99 patients with dementia and 93 gender-matched controls. Results: The ACE-R s cutoff score for dementia was 80 (sensitivity 91.9%, specificity 76.3%). The areas under the curve for the ACE-R s, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and MoCA were 0.90, 0.86, and 0.86, respectively. The ACE-R s had good interrater reliability (intraclass correlation = 0.94), test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation = 0.99), and internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.8442). Conclusions: The ACE-R s is sensitive, specific and reliable to detect dementia in persons aged ≥50 years in a Sinhala-speaking population and its diagnostic accuracy is superior to previously validated tools (MMSE and MoCA).

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Validation of the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination-III in Mild Cognitive Impairment in Arabic Speakers in Egypt

Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders ◽

10.1159/000510952 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Tarik Qassem ◽

Mohamed S. Khater ◽

Tamer Emara ◽

Doha Rasheedy ◽

Heba M. Tawfik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Characteristic Curve ◽

Screening Tools ◽

Arabic Version ◽

Cognitive Screening ◽

Egyptian Arabic ◽

Arabic Speakers ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Addenbrooke’S Cognitive Examination

Background and Aims: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) represents an important point on the pathway to developing dementia and a target for early detection and intervention. There is a shortage of validated cognitive screening tools in Arabic to diagnose MCI. The aim of this study was to validate Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination-III (ACE-III) (Egyptian-Arabic version) in a sample of patients with MCI, to provide cut-off scores in Egyptian-Arabic speakers. Methods: A total of 24 patients with MCI and 54 controls were included in the study and were administered the Egyptian-Arabic version of the ACE-III. Results: There was a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) in the total ACE-III score between MCI patients (mean 75.83, standard deviation (SD) 8.1) and controls (mean 86.26, SD 6.74). There was also a statistically significant difference between MCI patients and controls in the memory, fluency, and visuospatial sub-scores of the ACE-III (p < 0.05) but not in attention and language sub-scores. Using a receiver operator characteristic curve, the optimal cut-off score for diagnosing MCI on the ACE-III total score was 81, with 75% sensitivity, 82% specificity, and 80% accuracy. Conclusions: The results of this study provide objective validation of the Egyptian-Arabic version of the ACE-III as a screening tool for MCI, with good sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy that are comparable to other translated versions of the ACE-III in MCI.

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