Quadrature VCOs based on direct second harmonic locking: Theoretical analysis and experimental validation

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 1063-1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Tortori ◽  
Davide Guermandi ◽  
Marco Guermandi ◽  
Eleonora Franchi ◽  
Antonio Gnudi
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Second Harmonic

PHOTOINDUCED NONLINEAR OCTUPOLAR POLARIZATION: TRANSIENT AND PERMANENT REGIMES

1996 ◽  
Vol 05 (04) ◽  
pp. 653-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
CÉLINE FIORINI ◽  
JEAN-MICHEL NUNZI ◽  
FABRICE CHARRA ◽  
IFOR D.W. SAMUEL ◽  
JOSEPH ZYSS
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Polar Field ◽  
Rotational Spectrum ◽  
Dual Frequency ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Ethyl Violet ◽  
Disperse Red 1 ◽  
Good Agreement

An original poling method using purely optical means and based on a dual-frequency interference process is presented. We show that the coherent superposition of two beams at fundamental and second-harmonic frequencies results in a polar field with an irreducible rotational spectrum containing both a vector and an octupolar component. This enables the method to be applied even to molecules without a permanent dipole such as octupolar molecules. After a theoretical analysis of the process, we describe different experiments aiming at light-induced noncentrosymmetry performed respectively on one-dimensional Disperse Red 1 and octupolar Ethyl Violet molecules. Macroscopic octupolar patterning of the induced order is demonstrated in both transient and permanent regimes. Experimental results show good agreement with theory.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of User Exposure to the Electromagnetic Radiation Emitted by the Fourth and Fifth Generations of Wi-Fi Communication Devices

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 8837
Author(s):  
Annamaria Sârbu ◽  
Simona Miclăuș ◽  
Angela Digulescu ◽  
Paul Bechet
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Time Spectrum ◽  
Coding Scheme ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Communication Devices

A suitable metric to describe human exposure to microwaves emitted by wireless communication devices is still incomplete. By using both theoretical analysis and experimental validation (in controlled and real deployed networks), we analyze and compare the specificity of exposure due to data transmissions in different configurations of fourth and fifth generation wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) standards in the proximity of a mobile device. Measurements made use of the capability of the amplitude probability density incorporated in a real-time spectrum analyzer, proving its agility of highlighting different user exposure profiles. The results are presented comparatively and indicate that, in Wi-Fi networks, the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) should be used together with the duty cycle for an improved exposure assessment. The present work introduces the emitted energy density per bit in describing the user’s exposure to Wi-Fi signals and proves its superiority in characterizing the true levels of exposure for the IEEE 802.11n and 802.11ac standards of communication.

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