On the Sensitivity of Reflective-Mode Phase-Variation Sensors Based on Open-Ended Stepped-Impedance Transmission Lines: Theoretical Analysis and Experimental Validation

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 308-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Munoz-Enano ◽  
Paris Velez ◽  
Lijuan Su ◽  
Marta Gil ◽  
Pau Casacuberta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Phase Variation

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of User Exposure to the Electromagnetic Radiation Emitted by the Fourth and Fifth Generations of Wi-Fi Communication Devices

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 8837
Author(s):  
Annamaria Sârbu ◽  
Simona Miclăuș ◽  
Angela Digulescu ◽  
Paul Bechet
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Time Spectrum ◽  
Coding Scheme ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Communication Devices

A suitable metric to describe human exposure to microwaves emitted by wireless communication devices is still incomplete. By using both theoretical analysis and experimental validation (in controlled and real deployed networks), we analyze and compare the specificity of exposure due to data transmissions in different configurations of fourth and fifth generation wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) standards in the proximity of a mobile device. Measurements made use of the capability of the amplitude probability density incorporated in a real-time spectrum analyzer, proving its agility of highlighting different user exposure profiles. The results are presented comparatively and indicate that, in Wi-Fi networks, the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) should be used together with the duty cycle for an improved exposure assessment. The present work introduces the emitted energy density per bit in describing the user’s exposure to Wi-Fi signals and proves its superiority in characterizing the true levels of exposure for the IEEE 802.11n and 802.11ac standards of communication.

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