scholarly journals Survey of neurotransmitter receptor gene expression into and out of parental care in the burying beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher B. Cunningham ◽  
Daven Khana ◽  
Annika Carter ◽  
Elizabeth C. McKinney ◽  
Allen J. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Parental Care ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Burying Beetle ◽  
Neurotransmitter Receptor ◽  
Nicrophorus Vespilloides ◽  
Receptor Gene Expression

scholarly journals Extended access oxycodone self-administration and neurotransmitter receptor gene expression in the dorsal striatum of adult C57BL/6 J mice

2013 ◽  
Vol 231 (7) ◽  
pp. 1277-1287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Zhang ◽  
Brandan Mayer-Blackwell ◽  
Stefan D. Schlussman ◽  
Matthew Randesi ◽  
Eduardo R. Butelman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Dorsal Striatum ◽  
Self Administration ◽  
Neurotransmitter Receptor ◽  
Extended Access ◽  
Receptor Gene Expression

scholarly journals Evolved changes in DNA methylation in response to the sustained loss of parental care in the burying beetle

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Mashoodh ◽  
P Sarkies ◽  
J Westoby ◽  
RM Kilner
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Parental Care ◽  
Experimental Evolution ◽  
Burying Beetle ◽  
Direct Response ◽  
Gene Body Methylation ◽  
Development Environment ◽  
Nicrophorus Vespilloides ◽  
Plastic Changes

AbstractLevels of parental care critically influence the development environment with the capacity to impact the growth, survival, physiology, and behaviour of offspring. Plastic changes in DNA methylation have been hypothesised to modulate gene expression responses to parental environments. Moreover, these effects can be inherited and so may affect the process of adaptive evolution. In this study, using experimental evolution, we investigated how plastic changes in DNA methylation induced by the loss of parental care have evolved in a biparental insect (Nicrophorus vespilloides) using experimental evolution. We show that removal of care in a single generation is associated with changes in gene expression in stress-related pathways in 1st instar larvae. However, in larvae that have adapted to the loss of parental care after being deprived of care for 30 generations, gene expression is shifted from stress-related gene expression towards growth and brain development pathways. We found that changes in gene body methylation arose both as a direct response to the loss of parental care and stochastically as populations diverged. Overall, our results suggest that a complex interplay between transcription and DNA methylation shapes the molecular adaptation to environmental change.

scholarly journals Self administration of oxycodone by adolescent and adult mice affects striatal neurotransmitter receptor gene expression

Neuroscience ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 258 ◽  
pp. 280-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Mayer-Blackwell ◽  
S.D. Schlussman ◽  
E.R. Butelman ◽  
A. Ho ◽  
J. Ott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Self Administration ◽  
Neurotransmitter Receptor ◽  
Adult Mice ◽  
Receptor Gene Expression

scholarly journals The role of neuropeptide F in a transition to parental care

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 20160158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher B. Cunningham ◽  
Kathryn VanDenHeuvel ◽  
Daven B. Khana ◽  
Elizabeth C. McKinney ◽  
Allen J. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Parental Care ◽  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Genetic Influences ◽  
Burying Beetle ◽  
Nicrophorus Vespilloides ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Neuropeptide F ◽  
Active Care

The genetics of complex social behaviour can be dissected by examining the genetic influences of component pathways, which can be predicted based on expected evolutionary precursors. Here, we examine how gene expression in a pathway that influences the motivation to eat is altered during parental care that involves direct feeding of larvae. We examine the expression of neuropeptide F , and its receptor, in the burying beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides , which feeds pre-digested carrion to its begging larvae. We found that the npf receptor was greatly reduced during active care. Our research provides evidence that feeding behaviour was a likely target during the evolution of parental care in N. vespilloides . Moreover, dissecting complex behaviours into ethologically distinct sub-behaviours is a productive way to begin to target the genetic mechanisms involved in the evolution of complex behaviours.

scholarly journals The transcriptional basis of quantitative behavioral variation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle M. Benowitz ◽  
Elizabeth C. McKinney ◽  
Christopher B. Cunningham ◽  
Allen J. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Parental Care ◽  
Behavioral State ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Burying Beetle ◽  
Burying Beetles ◽  
Behavioral Variation ◽  
Provisioning Behavior ◽  
Nicrophorus Vespilloides ◽  
Nicrophorus Orbicollis

AbstractWhat causes individuals to produce quantitatively different phenotypes? While substantial research has focused on the allelic changes that affect phenotype, we know less about how gene expression accompanies variable phenotypes. Here, we investigate the transcriptional basis of variation in parental provisioning using two species of burying beetle, Nicrophorus orbicollis and Nicrophorus vespilloides. Specifically, we used RNA-seq to compare the transcriptomes of parents that provided high amounts of provisioning behavior versus low amounts in males and females of each species. We found that there were no overarching transcriptional patterns that distinguish high from low caring parents, and no informative transcripts that displayed particularly large expression differences in females or males. However, we did find more subtle gene expression changes between high and low provisioning parents that are consistent across sexes as well as between the two species. Furthermore, we show that transcripts previously implicated in transitioning into parental care in N. vespilloides had high variance in the levels of transcription and were unusually likely to display differential expression between high and low provisioning parents. Thus, quantitative behavioral variation appears to reflect many transcriptional differences of small effect. We show that nuanced regulation of the same gene products that are required for the transition of one behavioral state to another are also those influencing variation within a behavioral state.Author SummaryBurying beetles in the genus Nicrophorus breed on vertebrate carcasses and provide advanced parental care to their offspring by regurgitating partially digested flesh. However, all adult beetles do not uniformly express this trait. Some provide a large amount of parenting to their offspring, and some only a little. Here, we investigate the genetic causes of why some Nicrophorus beetles feed their offspring more than others. We demonstrate that this difference is likely caused by many small changes in gene expression, rather than a few genes that have major effects. We also find that some of the same genes that help to turn on parental care behavior in burying beetles also seem to play a role in determining how much care a beetle gives. These results provide new angles on longstanding questions about the complexity of the mechanisms that underlie quantitative variation in populations.

scholarly journals Transcriptomes of parents identify parenting strategies and sexual conflict in a subsocial beetle

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren J. Parker ◽  
Christopher B. Cunningham ◽  
Craig A. Walling ◽  
Clare E. Stamper ◽  
Megan L. Head ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Parental Care ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Sexual Conflict ◽  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Burying Beetle ◽  
Parenting Strategies ◽  
The Family ◽  
Nicrophorus Vespilloides ◽  
Female Behaviour

Abstract Parenting in the burying beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides is complex and, unusually, the sex and number of parents that can be present is flexible. Such flexibility is expected to involve specialized behaviour by the two sexes under biparental conditions. Here, we show that offspring fare equally well regardless of the sex or number of parents present. Comparing transcriptomes, we find a largely overlapping set of differentially expressed genes in both uniparental and biparental females and in uniparental males including vitellogenin, associated with reproduction, and takeout, influencing sex-specific mating and feeding behaviour. Gene expression in biparental males is similar to that in non-caring states. Thus, being ‘biparental’ in N. vespilloides describes the family social organization rather than the number of directly parenting individuals. There was no specialization; instead, in biparental families, direct male parental care appears to be limited with female behaviour unchanged. This should lead to strong sexual conflict.

VIRAL RECEPTOR GENE EXPRESSION AND MYOCARDITIS DEVELOPMENT

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Runov ◽  
◽  
E Kurchakova ◽  
D Khaschevskaya ◽  
O Moiseeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Viral Receptor ◽  
Receptor Gene Expression
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