Asymmetry of marine invasions across tropical oceans

Ecology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark E Torchin ◽  
Amy L Freestone ◽  
Linda McCann ◽  
Kristen Larson ◽  
Carmen Schlöder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Oceans ◽  
Marine Invasions

Drought due to warmer tropical oceans

Nature ◽  
2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kendall Powell
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Oceans

scholarly journals Factors promoting marine invasions: A chemoecological approach

2008 ◽  
Vol 105 (12) ◽  
pp. 4582-4586 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Mollo ◽  
M. Gavagnin ◽  
M. Carbone ◽  
F. Castelluccio ◽  
F. Pozone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Invasions

scholarly journals Do low oxygen environments facilitate marine invasions? Relative tolerance of native and invasive species to low oxygen conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 2321-2330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo E. Lagos ◽  
Diego R. Barneche ◽  
Craig R. White ◽  
Dustin J. Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Marine Invasions ◽  
Relative Tolerance ◽  
Oxygen Conditions

scholarly journals Diurnal Coupling in the Tropical Oceans of CCSM3

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 2347-2365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gokhan Danabasoglu ◽  
William G. Large ◽  
Joseph J. Tribbia ◽  
Peter R. Gent ◽  
Bruce P. Briegleb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Diurnal Cycle ◽  
Upper Ocean ◽  
Solar Forcing ◽  
Layer Depth ◽  
Climate System Model ◽  
Tropical Oceans ◽  
Ocean Coupling ◽  
Coupling Interval ◽  
The Mean

Abstract New features that may affect the behavior of the upper ocean in the Community Climate System Model version 3 (CCSM3) are described. In particular, the addition of an idealized diurnal cycle of solar forcing where the daily mean solar radiation received in each daily coupling interval is distributed over 12 daylight hours is evaluated. The motivation for this simple diurnal cycle is to improve the behavior of the upper ocean, relative to the constant forcing over each day of previous CCSM versions. Both 1- and 3-h coupling intervals are also considered as possible alternatives that explicitly resolve the diurnal cycle of solar forcing. The most prominent and robust effects of all these diurnal cycles are found in the tropical oceans, especially in the Pacific. Here, the mean equatorial sea surface temperature (SST) is warmed by as much as 1°C, in better agreement with observations, and the mean boundary layer depth is reduced. Simple rectification of the diurnal cycle explains about half of the shallowing, but less than 0.1°C of the warming. The atmospheric response to prescribed warm SST anomalies of about 1°C displays a very different heat flux signature. The implication, yet to be verified, is that large-scale air–sea coupling is a prime mechanism for amplifying the rectified, daily averaged SST signals seen by the atmosphere. Although the use of upper-layer temperature for SST in CCSM3 underestimates the diurnal cycle of SST, many of the essential characteristics of diurnal cycling within the equatorial ocean are reproduced, including boundary layer depth, currents, and the parameterized vertical heat and momentum fluxes associated with deep-cycle turbulence. The conclusion is that the implementation of an idealized diurnal cycle of solar forcing may make more frequent ocean coupling and its computational complications unnecessary as improvements to the air–sea coupling in CCSM3 continue. A caveat here is that more frequent ocean coupling tends to reduce the long-term cooling trends typical of CCSM3 by heating already too warm ocean depths, but longer integrations are needed to determine robust features. A clear result is that the absence of diurnal solar forcing of the ocean has several undesirable consequences in CCSM3, including too large ENSO variability, much too cold Pacific equatorial SST, and no deep-cycle turbulence.

An Observed Tropical Oceanic Radiative–Convective Cloud Feedback

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 2065-2078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew D. Lebsock ◽  
Christian Kummerow ◽  
Graeme L. Stephens
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Stability ◽  
Convective Cloud ◽  
Precipitation Anomaly ◽  
Cloud Feedback ◽  
Radiative Heating ◽  
Large Spatial Scale ◽  
Cloud Properties ◽  
Tropical Oceans ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Level

Abstract Anomalies of precipitation, cloud, thermodynamic, and radiation variables are analyzed on the large spatial scale defined by the tropical oceans. In particular, relationships between the mean tropical oceanic precipitation anomaly and radiative anomalies are examined. It is found that tropical mean precipitation is well correlated with cloud properties and radiative fields. In particular, the tropical mean precipitation anomaly is positively correlated with the top of the atmosphere reflected shortwave anomaly and negatively correlated with the emitted longwave anomaly. The tropical mean relationships are found to primarily result from a coherent oscillation of precipitation and the area of high-level cloudiness. The correlations manifest themselves radiatively as a modest decrease in net downwelling radiation at the top of the atmosphere, and a redistribution of energy from the surface to the atmosphere through reduced solar radiation to the surface and decreased longwave emission to space. Integrated over the tropical oceanic domain, the anomalous atmospheric column radiative heating is found to be about 10% of the magnitude of the anomalous latent heating. The temporal signature of the radiative heating is observed in the column mean temperature that indicates a coherent phase-lagged oscillation between atmospheric stability and convection. These relationships are identified as a radiative–convective cloud feedback that is observed on intraseasonal time scales in the tropical atmosphere.

Simulation of the Tropical Oceans with an Ocean GCM Coupled to an Atmospheric Mixed-Layer Model

1996 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1795-1815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ragu Murtugudde ◽  
Richard Seager ◽  
Antonio Busalacchi
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Layer ◽  
Layer Model ◽  
Tropical Oceans ◽  
Atmospheric Mixed Layer ◽  
Mixed Layer Model

Clarifying marine invasions with molecular markers: an illustration based on mtDNA from mistaken calyptraeid gastropod identifications

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dugald J. McGlashan ◽  
Mark Ponniah ◽  
Phillip Cassey ◽  
Frédérique Viard
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Marine Invasions

Associated atmospheric mechanisms for the increased cold season precipitation over the Three-River Headwaters region from the late 1980s

2021 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Shasha Shang ◽  
Gaofeng Zhu ◽  
Jianhui Wei ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Kun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Hadley Circulation ◽  
Walker Circulation ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Precipitation Variability ◽  
Vapor Transport ◽  
Water Vapor Transport ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Westerly Jet ◽  
Tropical Oceans

AbstractPrecipitation in the Three-River Headwater (TRH) region has undergone significant changes as a result of global warming, which can affect water resources in downstream regions of Asia. However, the underlying mechanisms of the precipitation variability during the cold season (October to April), are still not fully understood. In this study, the daily China gridded precipitation product of CN05.1 as well as the NCEP-NCAR reanalysis are used to investigate the characteristics of the cold season precipitation variability over the TRH region and associated atmospheric mechanisms. The cold season precipitation shows an increasing trend (5.5 mm decade-1) from 1961 to 2014, with a dry-to-wet shift in around the late 1980s. The results indicate that the increased precipitation is associated with the enhanced easterly anomalies over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) and enhanced southeasterly water vapor transport. The enhanced Walker circulations, caused by the gradients of sea surface temperature between the equatorial central-eastern Pacific and Indo-western Pacific in tropical oceans, resulted in strengthened easterly anomalies over the TP and the westward expansion of the anticyclone in the western North Pacific. Meanwhile, the changed Walker circulation is accompanied by a strengthened local Hadley circulation which leads to enhanced meridional water vapor transport from tropical oceans and the South China Sea toward the TRH region. Furthermore, the strengthened East Asia Subtropical Westerly jet may contribute to the enhanced divergence at upper level and anomalous ascending motion above the TRH region leading to more precipitation.

Does the interior of the ocean hide a major part of the eddy field?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Schütte ◽  
Ivy Frenger ◽  
Kristin Burmeister ◽  
Sabrina Speich ◽  
Johannes Karstensen
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Data ◽  
Vertical Structure ◽  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
Tropical Oceans ◽  
Eddy Field ◽  
Weak Surface ◽  
Baroclinic Modes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Vertical Eddy ◽  
Surface Signature

<p>In ocean research, mesoscale eddies typically are detected through surface signatures based on satellite data. The assumption is that most eddies are surface intensified and have a vertical structure consistent with a surface intensified mode. However, in-situ eddy observations, especially in the tropical oceans, showed that the vertical eddy structure is often more complex than previously assumed (higher baroclinic modes), and a diverse subsurface eddy field is present, which does not show any surface signatures at all. Our objective here is a first step towards a quantification of the occurrence of subsurface relative to surface eddies. To do this, we use an actively eddying model to compare the subsurface eddy field to its surface signatures in order to be able to estimate which vertical eddy structures prevail and how much of the eddy field is hidden in the subsurface. In addition, the model results are compared against an unprecedented assemblage of observations of subsurface eddies in the tropical oceans. In a first step we focus on eddies in the model that are detectable at the surface for more than 120 days. We found that around 60 % of the detected eddies have a vertical structure associated with a surface intensified mode as previously assumed which are characterized by a strong surface signature. Around 40 % of the eddy field have a vertical structure associated to a higher baroclinic mode. They are often called “intrathermocline” eddies and are characterized by a rather weak surface signature. In a second step we track subsurface eddies (lifetime > 120 days) in the model by identifying density layer thickness anomalies and connect them with possible surface signatures. Around 30 % of the total eddy field of the model, are hidden in the subsurface with no detectable surface signature. In conclusion, our results show that subsurface eddies form a substantial contribution to the total eddy field. Consequently it is difficult to estimate the impact of the eddy field on the ocean when only working with surface based satellite data.</p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document