Sub‐Chronic Exposure to Environmental Concentrations of Chlorpyrifos Affect Swimming Activity of Rainbow Trout Larvae

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon Weeks Santos ◽  
Patrice Gonzalez ◽  
Bettie Cormier ◽  
Nicolas Mazzella ◽  
Aurélie Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Swimming Activity ◽  
Environmental Concentrations

scholarly journals Environmentally Relevant Mixture of Pesticides Affect Mobility and DNA Integrity of Early Life Stages of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Toxics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 174
Author(s):  
Shannon Weeks Santos ◽  
Jérôme Cachot ◽  
Bettie Cormier ◽  
Nicolas Mazzella ◽  
Pierre-Yves Gourves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Dna Repair ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Swimming Activity ◽  
Mitochondrial Metabolism ◽  
Pesticide Mixture ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Mixture Concentration

The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of three concentrations of a pesticide mixture on the first development stages of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The mixture was made up of three commonly used pesticides in viticulture: glyphosate (GLY), chlorpyrifos (CPF) and copper sulfate (Cu). Eyed stage embryos were exposed for 3 weeks to three concentrations of the pesticide mixture. Lethal and sub-lethal effects were assessed through a number of phenotypic and molecular endpoints including survival, hatching delay, hatching success, biometry, swimming activity, DNA damage (Comet assay), lipid peroxidation (TBARS), protein carbonyl content and gene expression. Ten target genes involved in antioxidant defenses, DNA repair, mitochondrial metabolism and apoptosis were analyzed using real-time RT-qPCR. No significant increase of mortality, half-hatch, growth defects, TBARS and protein carbonyl contents were observed whatever the pesticide mixture concentration. In contrast, DNA damage and swimming activity were significantly more elevated at the highest pesticide mixture concentration. Gene transcription was up-regulated for genes involved in detoxification (gst and mt1), DNA repair (ogg1), mitochondrial metabolism (cox1 and 12S), and cholinergic system (ache). This study highlighted the induction of adaptive molecular and behavioral responses of rainbow trout larvae when exposed to environmentally realistic concentrations of a mixture of pesticides.

Generational effects of a chronic exposure to a low environmentally relevant concentration of glyphosate on rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss

2021 ◽  
pp. 149462
Author(s):  
Jessy Le Du-Carrée ◽  
Rania Boukhari ◽  
Jérôme Cachot ◽  
Joëlle Cabon ◽  
Lénaïg Louboutin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Relevant Concentration ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Generational Effects

Extrathyroidal Effects of Low Concentrations of Thiourea on Rainbow Trout, Salmo gairdneri

1981 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 1283-1285 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Eales
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Direct Sensitivity ◽  
Distribution Spaces ◽  
Circulating Levels

Chronic exposure of fed immature rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) to a low ambient thiourea (TU) concentration did not depress circulating levels of T4 (thyroxine) or triiodothyronine, T4 degradation rate, or T4 deiodination rate indicating no significant T4 influence on thyroidal hormone output. However, TU increased the hematocrit and decreased distribution spaces for iodide and T4, indicating direct sensitivity of extrathyroidal processes to TU.Key words: thiourea, thyroxine, hematocrit, iodide metabolism, rainbow trout

Changes in Blood Pressure, Heart Rate and Breathing Rate During Moderate Swimming Activity in Rainbow Trout

1967 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. DON STEVENS ◽  
D. J. RANDALL
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
The Body ◽  
Swimming Activity ◽  
Breathing Rate ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
Ventral Aorta ◽  
Pressure Changes

1. Changes in blood pressure in the dorsal aorta, ventral aorta and subintestinal vein, as well as changes in heart rate and breathing rate during moderate swimming activity in the rainbow trout are reported. 2. Blood pressures both afferent and efferent to the gills increased during swimming and then returned to normal levels within 30 min. after exercise. 3. Venous blood pressure was characterized by periodic increases during swimming. The pressure changes were not in phase with the body movements. 4. Although total venous return to the heart increased during swimming, a decreased blood flow was recorded in the subintestinal vein. 5. Heart rate and breathing rate increased during swimming and then decreased when swimming ceased. 6. Some possible mechanisms regulating heart and breathing rates are discussed.

The influence of swimming activity on water balance in the rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri)

1973 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris M. Wood ◽  
D. J. Randall
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Swimming Activity ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri

Environmental concentrations of agricultural-use pesticide mixtures evoke primary and secondary stress responses in rainbow trout

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 2602-2607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith B. Tierney ◽  
Jessica L. Williams ◽  
Melissa Gledhill ◽  
Mark A. Sekela ◽  
Christopher J. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Secondary Stress ◽  
Pesticide Mixtures ◽  
Environmental Concentrations ◽  
Agricultural Use

Electrolyte and Water Balance in Plasma and Urine of Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri) during Chronic Exposure to Cadmium

1984 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 1678-1685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Giles
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Plasma Calcium ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Plasma Sodium ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Urine Production ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium

Rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) were exposed to 3.6 and 6.4 μg Cd/L for periods up to 178 d. Transitory changes in plasma calcium and magnesium were observed in fish exposed to 3.6 μg Cd/L although the differences were not significant. Exposure to 6.4 μg Cd/L, however, resulted in significantly lowered plasma sodium, potassium, calcium, and chloride and elevated magnesium concentrations. Analyses of urine indicated that the rate of urine production, osmolality, and sodium, potassium, chloride, magnesium, calcium, and protein concentrations were unaffected by exposure to 3.6 μg Cd/L although slight changes were observed in the first week of exposure. Urine production rate and urinary concentrations of potassium and chloride were unaffected in trout exposed to 6.4 μg Cd/L but sodium, protein, and osmolality were elevated and calcium and magnesium concentrations reduced in these fish. The results demonstrate that the majority of the cadmium-induced electrolyte imbalances do not result from impairment of renal function.

Chronic exposure to environmental concentrations of phenanthrene impairs zebrafish reproduction

2019 ◽  
Vol 182 ◽  
pp. 109376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiandong Peng ◽  
Xiaoxi Sun ◽  
Min Yu ◽  
Wei Fu ◽  
Hua Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Environmental Concentrations
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