scholarly journals Participatory Action Research as a Framework for Transdisciplinary Collaboration: A Pilot Study on Healthy, Sustainable, Low‐Income Housing in Delhi, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1800054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Nix ◽  
Jacob Paulose ◽  
Clive Shrubsole ◽  
Hector Altamirano‐Medina ◽  
Kristine Belesova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Participatory Action Research ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Transdisciplinary Collaboration ◽  
Low Income Housing

scholarly journals Adapting the Community-based Health Planning and Services (CHPS) to engage poor urban communities in Ghana: protocol for a participatory action research study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e049564
Author(s):  
Mary Abboah-Offei ◽  
Akosua Gyasi Darkwa ◽  
Andrews Ayim ◽  
Adelaide Maria Ansah-Ofei ◽  
Delanyo Dovlo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Participatory Action Research ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Health Planning ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Key Stakeholders

IntroductionWith rapid urbanisation in low-income and middle-income countries, health systems are struggling to meet the needs of their growing populations. Community-based Health Planning and Services (CHPS) in Ghana have been effective in improving maternal and child health in rural areas; however, implementation in urban areas has proven challenging. This study aims to engage key stakeholders in urban communities to understand how the CHPS model can be adapted to reach poor urban communities.Methods and analysisA Participatory Action Research (PAR) will be used to develop an urban CHPS model with stakeholders in three selected CHPS zones: (a) Old Fadama (Yam and Onion Market community), (b) Adedenkpo and (c) Adotrom 2, representing three categories of poor urban neighbourhoods in Accra, Ghana. Two phases will be implemented: phase 1 (‘reconnaissance phase) will engage and establish PAR research groups in the selected zones, conduct focus groups and individual interviews with urban residents, households vulnerable to ill-health and CHPS staff and key stakeholders. A desk review of preceding efforts to implement CHPS will be conducted to understand what worked (or not), how and why. Findings from phase 1 will be used to inform and co-create an urban CHPS model in phase 2, where PAR groups will be involved in multiple recurrent stages (cycles) of community-based planning, observation, action and reflection to develop and refine the urban CHPS model. Data will be managed using NVivo software and coded using the domains of community engagement as a framework to understand community assets and potential for engagement.Ethics and disseminationThis study has been approved by the University of York’s Health Sciences Research Governance Committee and the Ghana Health Service Ethics Review Committee. The results of this study will guide the scale-up of CHPS across urban areas in Ghana, which will be disseminated through journal publications, community and government stakeholder workshops, policy briefs and social media content. This study is also funded by the Medical Research Council, UK.

scholarly journals Verbal Autopsy with Participatory Action Research (VAPAR) programme in Mpumalanga, South Africa: protocol for evaluation

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. e036597
Author(s):  
Sophie Witter ◽  
Maria Van Der Merwe ◽  
Rhian Twine ◽  
Denny Mabetha ◽  
Jennifer Hove ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Participatory Action Research ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Verbal Autopsy ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Theory Of Change ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Middle Income

IntroductionThere is a growing recognition of the importance of developing learning health systems which can engage all stakeholders in cycles of evidence generation, reflection, action and learning from action to deal with adaptive problems. There is however limited evaluative evidence of approaches to developing or strengthening such systems, particularly in low-income and middle-income settings. In this protocol, we aim to contribute to developing and sharing knowledge on models of building collaborative learning platforms through our evaluation of the Verbal Autopsy with Participatory Action Research (VAPAR) programme.Methods and analysisThe evaluation takes a participatory approach, focussed on joint learning on whether and how VAPAR contributes to its aims, and what can be learnt for this and similar settings. A realist-informed theory of change was developed by the research team as part of a broader collaboration with other stakeholders. The evaluation will draw on a wide variety of perspectives and data, including programme data and secondary data. This will be supplemented by in-depth interviews and workshops at the end of each cycle to probe the different domains, understand changes to the positions of different actors within the local health system and feedback into improved learning and action in the next cycle. Quantitative data such as verbal autopsy will be analysed for significant trends in health indicators for different population groups. However, the bulk of the data will be qualitative and will be analysed thematically.Ethics and disseminationEthics in participatory approaches include a careful focus on the power relationships within the group, such that all groups are given voice and influence, in addition to the usual considerations of informed participation. Within the programme, we will focus on reflexivity, relationship building, two-way learning and learning from failure to reduce power imbalances and mitigate against a blame culture. Local engagement and change will be prioritised in dissemination.

scholarly journals Cancer, Employment, and American Indians: A Participatory Action Research Pilot Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon R. Johnson ◽  
DeAnna Finifrock ◽  
Catherine A. Marshall ◽  
Julia (Bunny) Jaakola ◽  
Janette Setterquist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Participatory Action Research ◽  
American Indians ◽  
Participatory Action

Reflections on Participatory Action Research: The Case of Low-Income Women Accessing Local Physical Activity services

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Frisby ◽  
Susan Crawford ◽  
Therese Dorer
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Action Research ◽  
Participatory Action Research ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Resistance To Change ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Action Research Project ◽  
Active Involvement

In contrast to traditional approaches to research, participatory action research calls for the active involvement of the community—including both the beneficiaries and providers of sport services—in defining research problems, executing interventions, interpreting results, and designing strategies to change existing power structures. The purpose of this paper was to analyze a participatory action research project designed to increase the access of women living below the poverty line and their families to local physical activity services. A framework developed by Green et al. (1995) formed the basis of the analysis. To place the analysis in context, the historical origins and theoretical assumptions underlying participatory action research were addressed. The case of the Women's Action Project demonstrated how the process can result in a more inclusive local sport system and, at the same time, provide a rich setting for examining organizational dynamics including collaborative decision-making, community partnerships, power imbalances, resource control, resistance to change, and nonhierarchical structures.

scholarly journals Immediate influences of hygiene education sessions on handwashing behaviors of selected Nepali students

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 979-985
Author(s):  
Govinda Prasad Devkota ◽  
Sheri Bastien ◽  
Petter D. Jenssen ◽  
Manoj K. Pandey ◽  
Bhimsen Devkota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Participatory Action Research ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
School Students ◽  
Research Committee ◽  
Basic Level ◽  
Handwashing With Soap

Abstract Appropriate handwashing can prevent 50–70% of water and foodborne infections. However, schoolchildren who are in the formative stage of life, particularly in low-income countries like Nepal, are deprived of such a lifesaving skill. This study investigates the effectiveness of a school-based participatory action research intervention to promote handwashing with soap among basic level community school students in Nepal. Teachers, the school management committee, the participatory action research committee, and child-club members actively participated in designing and implementing the intervention. This study employed a semi-structured interview with the headteacher, five focus group discussions, and spot observations during 50 handwashing with soap events involving students, to collect the data. This study assesses the handwashing situation of students before and after the intervention. As part of the intervention, participatory teaching methods such as singing, drawing, showing a video, games, and demonstrations were used. Findings from basic level students who actively participated in hygiene sessions and increased their handwashing with soap before meals and after toilet use were used as a comparison to baseline. Participants reported that the intervention was perceived positively, pragmatic, and cost-effective. This intervention study concluded that handwashing behaviors improved because of the influence of sensitization sessions and demonstrations about handwashing. However, some predominant issues in the teaching of handwashing practices include limited hygiene contents in the curriculum and the practical use of teaching and learning activities. The lack of availability of soap at handwashing stations is the main barrier in sustaining handwashing behaviors in schoolchildren.

Predicting trust in police: the impact of instrumental and expressive concerns in street-identified Black-American men and women

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 917-933
Author(s):  
Darryl L. Chambers ◽  
Yasser A. Payne ◽  
Ivan Sun
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Participatory Action Research ◽  
Black Men ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Original Manuscript ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Trust In Police

PurposeWhile the past few decades have witnessed a substantial number of studies on public attitudes toward the police, a relatively thin line of inquiry has focused exclusively on low income urban Black-Americans, and especially street-identified Black populations. The purpose of this paper, however, is to examine trust in police amongst street-identified Black men and women.Design/methodology/approachRelying on a street participatory action research methodological approach, the authors collected survey data (N = 520) from two low-income unban Black neighborhoods, to examine the effects of an instrumental model versus an expressive model on procedural- and outcome-based trust in police.FindingsThe findings suggested a community sample of street-identified Black men and women were able to differentiate between procedural- and outcome-based trust. The instrumental model was better in predicting procedural-based trust in police, while the expressive model accounted better for outcome-based trust in police.Research limitations/implicationsImplications for street participatory action research methodology, future research and policy are also discussed.Originality/valueThis paper is an original manuscript.

scholarly journals Co-production of a pictorial recovery tool for people with psycho-social disability informed by a participatory action research approach—a qualitative study set in India

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 486-499
Author(s):  
Kaaren Mathias ◽  
Pooja Pillai ◽  
Rakhal Gaitonde ◽  
Kakul Shelly ◽  
Sumeet Jain
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Action Research ◽  
Participatory Action Research ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Critical Reflection ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Social Disability

Abstract Mental health problems are recognized as a leading cause of disability and have seen increased allocations of resources and services globally. There is a growing call for solutions supporting global mental health and recovery to be locally relevant and built on the knowledge and skills of people with mental health problems, particularly in low-income countries. Set in Dehradun district, North India, this study aimed to describe first, the process of co-production of a visual tool to support recovery for people affected by psycho-social disability; second, the key outputs developed and third, critical reflection on the process and outputs. The developmental process consisted of participatory action research and qualitative methods conducted by a team of action researchers and an experts by experience (EBE) group of community members. The team generated eight domains for recovery under three meta-domains of normalcy, belonging and contributing and the ensuing recovery tool developed pictures of activities for each domain. Challenges to using a participatory and emancipatory process were addressed by working with a mentor experienced in participatory methods, and by allocating time to concurrent critical reflection on power relationships. Findings underline the important contribution of an EBE group demonstrating their sophisticated and locally valid constructions of recovery and the need for an honest and critically reflective process in all co-productive initiatives. This study generated local conversations around recovery that helped knowledge flow from bottom-to-top and proposes that the grass-root experiences of participants in a disadvantaged environment are needed for meaningful social and health policy responses.

scholarly journals A Participatory Action Research Pilot Study of Urban Health Disparities Using Rapid Assessment Response and Evaluation

2008 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Richard Brown ◽  
Agueda Hernández ◽  
Gilbert Saint-Jean ◽  
Siân Evans ◽  
Ida Tafari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Disparities ◽  
Action Research ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Participatory Action Research ◽  
Urban Health ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Participatory Action
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