Replicable brain signatures of emotional bias and memory based on diffusion kurtosis imaging of white matter tracts

Neurological deficits after stroke are closely related to white matter microstructure damage. However, secondary changes in white matter microstructure after pontine infarction (PI) in the whole brain remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the correlation of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI)-derived diffusion and kurtosis parameters of abnormal white matter tracts with behavioral function in patients with chronic PI. Overall, 60 patients with unilateral chronic PI (33 patients with left PI and 27 patients with right PI) and 30 normal subjects were recruited and underwent DKI scans. Diffusion parameters derived from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and DKI and kurtosis parameters derived from DKI were obtained. Between-group differences in multiple parameters were analyzed to assess the changes in abnormal white matter microstructure. Moreover, we also calculated the sensitivities of different diffusion and kurtosis parameters of DTI and DKI for identifying abnormal white matter tracts. Correlations between the DKI-derived parameters in secondary microstructure changes and behavioral scores in the PI were analyzed. Compared with the NC group, both left PI and right PI groups showed more extensive perilesional and remote white matter microstructure changes. The DKI-derived diffusion parameters showed higher sensitivities than did the DTI-derived parameters. Further, DKI-derived diffusion and kurtosis parameters in abnormal white matter regions were correlated with impaired motor and cognitive function in patients with PI. In conclusion, PI could lead to extensive white matter tracts impairment in perilesional and remote regions. Further, the diffusion and kurtosis parameters could be complementary for identifying comprehensive tissue microstructural damage after PI.

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Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging Fiber Tractography of Major White Matter Tracts in Neurosurgery

Brain Sciences ◽

10.3390/brainsci11030381 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 381

Author(s):

Miriam H. A. Bopp ◽

Julia Emde ◽

Barbara Carl ◽

Christopher Nimsky ◽

Benjamin Saß

Keyword(s):

White Matter ◽

Corticospinal Tract ◽

Diffusion Tensor ◽

Clinical Applications ◽

Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging ◽

Fiber Tractography ◽

White Matter Tracts ◽

The Right ◽

Diffusion Kurtosis ◽

Diffusion Tensor Imaging Dti

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)-based fiber tractography is routinely used in clinical applications to visualize major white matter tracts, such as the corticospinal tract (CST), optic radiation (OR), and arcuate fascicle (AF). Nevertheless, DTI is limited due to its capability of resolving intra-voxel multi-fiber populations. Sophisticated models often require long acquisition times not applicable in clinical practice. Diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI), as an extension of DTI, combines sophisticated modeling of the diffusion process with short acquisition times but has rarely been investigated in fiber tractography. In this study, DTI- and DKI-based fiber tractography of the CST, OR, and AF was investigated in healthy volunteers and glioma patients. For the CST, significantly larger tract volumes were seen in DKI-based fiber tractography. Similar results were obtained for the OR, except for the right OR in patients. In the case of the AF, results of both models were comparable with DTI-based fiber tractography showing even significantly larger tract volumes in patients. In the case of the CST and OR, DKI-based fiber tractography contributes to advanced visualization under clinical time constraints, whereas for the AF, other models should be considered.

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Diffusion kurtosis imaging detects subclinical white matter abnormalities in Phenylketonuria

NeuroImage Clinical ◽

10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102555 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 29 ◽

pp. 102555

Author(s):

Sarah C. Hellewell ◽

Thomas Welton ◽

Kate Eisenhuth ◽

Michel C. Tchan ◽

Stuart M. Grieve

Keyword(s):

White Matter ◽

Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging ◽

White Matter Abnormalities ◽

Diffusion Kurtosis

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PD-0805 Diffusion kurtosis imaging and white matter injury after radiotherapy of adults with brain tumours

Radiotherapy and Oncology ◽

10.1016/s0167-8140(21)07084-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 161 ◽

pp. S638-S639

Author(s):

C. Skinnerup Byskov ◽

L. Haldbo-Classen ◽

A. Harbøll ◽

S. Nørhøj Jespersen ◽

J. Folsted Kallehauge

Keyword(s):

White Matter ◽

Brain Tumours ◽

White Matter Injury ◽

Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging ◽

Diffusion Kurtosis

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Detection of microstructural white matter alterations in functional gastrointestinal disorders assessed by diffusion kurtosis imaging

JGH Open ◽

10.1002/jgh3.12375 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (5) ◽

pp. 958-963

Author(s):

Toshimi Chiba ◽

Kenji Ito ◽

Futoshi Mori ◽

Makoto Sasaki ◽

Takayuki Matsumoto

Keyword(s):

White Matter ◽

Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽

Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging ◽

Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽

Diffusion Kurtosis

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Diffusion kurtosis imaging of white matter in bipolar disorder

Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging ◽

10.1016/j.pscychresns.2021.111341 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 111341

Author(s):

Vina M Goghari ◽

Mavis Kusi ◽

Mohammed K Shakeel ◽

Clare Beasley ◽

Szabolcs David ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

White Matter ◽

Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging ◽

Diffusion Kurtosis

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The Value of Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging In Detecting Delayed Brain Development of Premature Infants

10.21203/rs.3.rs-747810/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xin Zhao ◽

Chunxiang Zhang ◽

Bohao Zhang ◽

Jiayue Yan ◽

Kaiyu Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

White Matter ◽

Caudate Nucleus ◽

Premature Infants ◽

Developmental Disorders ◽

Neurodevelopmental Outcome ◽

Mean Diffusivity ◽

Internal Capsule ◽

Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging ◽

Control Group ◽

Diffusion Kurtosis

Abstract Objective Preterm infants are at high risk of adverse neurodevelopmental outcome. Our aim is to explore the value of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) in diagnosing brain developmental disorders in premature infants.Materials and Methods A total of 52 subjects were included in this study, including 26 premature infants as the preterm group, and 26 full-term infants as the control group. Routine magnetic resonance imaging and DKI examination were performed. Mean kurtosis (MK), radial kurtosis (RK), fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD) values were measured in the brain regions including posterior limbs of the internal capsule (PLIC); anterior limb of internal capsule (ALIC); parietal white matter (PWM); frontal white matter (FWM); thalamus (TH); caudate nucleus (CN); genu of the corpus callosum (GCC). The X2, t test, Spearman’s correlation analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC)were used for data analyses.Results In the premature infant group, the MK and RK values of PLIA, ALIC, and PWM were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The FA values of PWM, FWM and TH were also lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). The AUCs of MK in PLIC and ALIC, MD in PWM, and FA in FWM were 0.813, 0.802, 0.842 and 0.867 (P<0.05). In thalamus and caudate nucleus, the correlations between MK, RK values and PMA were higher than those between FA, MD values and PMA.Conclusions DKI can be used as an effective tool in detecting brain developmental disorders in premature infants.

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White matter microstructural integrity across the adult lifespan: Combined perspective of diffusion tensor and kurtosis imaging

10.1101/2021.10.27.466088 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hiba Taha ◽

Jordan A Chad ◽

J. Jean Chen

Keyword(s):

White Matter ◽

Brain Aging ◽

Diffusion Tensor ◽

Diffusion Imaging ◽

General Pattern ◽

B Value ◽

Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging ◽

Adult Lifespan ◽

Non Gaussian ◽

Diffusion Kurtosis

Studies of healthy brain aging have reported diffusivity patterns associated with white matter degeneration using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), which assumes that diffusion measured at the typical b-value (approximately 1000 s/mm2) is Gaussian. Diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) is an extension of DTI that measures non-Gaussian diffusion (kurtosis) to better capture microenvironmental changes by incorporating additional data at a higher b-value. In this study, using UK Biobank data (b values of 1000 and 2000 s/mm2), we investigate (1) the extent of novel information gained from adding diffusional kurtosis to diffusivity observations in aging, and (2) how conventional DTI metrics in aging compare with diffusivity metrics derived from DKI, which are corrected for kurtosis. We find a general pattern of lower kurtosis alongside higher diffusivity among older adults. We also find differences between diffusivity metrics derived from DTI and DKI, emphasizing the importance of accounting for non-Gaussian diffusion. This work highlights the utility of measuring diffusional kurtosis as a simple addition to conventional diffusion imaging of aging.

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