Spatial and temporal perspectives on spring break-up flooding in the Slave River Delta, NWT

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (20) ◽  
pp. 4058-4072 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. Brock ◽  
B. B. Wolfe ◽  
T. W. D. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
River Delta ◽  
Spring Break ◽  
Break Up ◽  
Slave River Delta

scholarly journals Observations of Freeze-Up and Break-Up of the Yukon River at Beaver, Alaska

1955 ◽  
Vol 2 (17) ◽  
pp. 488-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. John Williams
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
River Temperature ◽  
Ice Jams ◽  
Channel Current ◽  
Spring Break ◽  
Yukon River ◽  
Ice Concentration ◽  
Break Up ◽  
Temporary Rise

AbstractObservations of fall freeze-up and spring break-up, important to subarctic hydrology and to local economy, were made at the Yukon River town of Beaver, Alaska, September 1949 to June 1950. On October 15, with river temperature at 0° C., the freezing together of floating ice crystals formed thin ice pans that gradually thickened. Falling river level and increasingly heavy ice concentration choked off all but main channels. On 25 October ice jammed downstream and produced a continuous ice cover and a temporary rise of about 1 m. at Beaver. After 26 October the river resumed its drop in level until April. Freeze-up appears governed by local channel, current and weather conditions and lacks systematic progression either upstream or downstream.Spring thaw beginning in late April thawed snow cover and weakened river ice. In early May the river began to rise slowly, but at an increasing rate, until 13 May when ice was nearly free from shore. On 14 May, after a rise of about 3 m. in 24 hours, the ice broke and moved downstream as the flood crest passed Beaver. Downstream progression of break-up is delayed by local ice jams, the chief cause of disastrous river floods, and is advanced by early break-up of large tributaries.

Multi-year landscape-scale assessment of lakewater balances in the Slave River Delta, NWT, using water isotope tracers

2009 ◽  
Vol 379 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 81-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bronwyn E. Brock ◽  
Yi Yi ◽  
Kenneth P. Clogg-Wright ◽  
Thomas W.D. Edwards ◽  
Brent B. Wolfe
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Scale ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Isotope Tracers ◽  
Scale Assessment ◽  
Water Isotope ◽  
Slave River Delta

Empirical models for forecasting changes in the phenology of ice cover for Canadian lakes

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 982-991 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.J. Shuter ◽  
C.K. Minns ◽  
S.R. Fung
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Spring Break ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Emissions Scenarios ◽  
Break Up ◽  
Ipcc Sres ◽  
Phenology Model ◽  
Ice Phenology

In situ and remote-sensed data on freeze-up and break-up dates for lakes spread over much of Canada were used to develop and validate simple regression models linking lake ice phenology to climatic conditions and lake morphometry. The primary variables affecting fall freeze-up dates were the fall date when 30-day smoothed air temperatures reached 0 °C and lake mean depth; the primary variables affecting spring break-up date were the spring date when 30-day smoothed air temperatures reached 0 °C, solar elevation on that date, and the number of days over winter when 30-day smoothed air temperatures were <0 °C. These models were used to project potential impacts of climate change on ice phenology across Canada; by 2055 (under the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (IPCC SRES) A2 emissions scenario), freeze-up dates were projected to be an average of 10 days later. Break-up dates were projected to be from 0 to 16 days earlier, with greater changes occurring at higher latitudes. These projections were similar to those independently derived using a mechanistic ice phenology model.

Slave River delta: geomorphology, sedimentology, and Holocene reconstruction

1988 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 1990-2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandy Vanderburgh ◽  
Derald G. Smith
Keyword(s):  
River Delta ◽  
Delta Front ◽  
Average Width ◽  
Sand Waves ◽  
Isostatic Rebound ◽  
Great Slave Lake ◽  
Sand Body ◽  
Fort Smith ◽  
River Rapids ◽  
Slave River Delta

The Holocene Slave River delta (8300 km2) is a long (170 km), narrow (42 km average width) alluvial sand body, which extends north from the Slave River rapids at Fort Smith to Great Slave Lake, Northwest Territories. The delta is flanked by the Talston and Tethul rivers and Canadian Shield to the east and by the Little Buffalo River to the west. Wave-associated sedimentary structures in lithostratigraphic logs from river cutbanks indicate that the sandy delta was wave influenced. Most of the logs (34) consist of three facies: basal laminated mud (unknown thickness), interbedded mud and sand (2.5 m), and planar-tabular ripple sets interbedded with cross-laminated to flat-bedded sand (3.0–14.5 m).Eleven radiocarbon-dated wood samples from river cutbanks were used to reconstruct the delta paleoshoreface and to calculate the rate of progradation, which averaged 20.7 m/year from 8070 BP to the present. In the same period isostatic rebound of the delta region relative to the Liard River delta averaged 12 cm/km (a total rebound of 48 m). The data were calculated normal to the retreating Laurentide ice front.From the surface to depths of 59 m, the subaerial and subaqueous delta front exhibits barrier islands, lagoons, offshore bars or sand waves, tensional cracks, slumps and pressure ridges. The barriers and offshore bars consist of medium grain-sized sand, whereas the slumps and pressure ridges are interpreted as mud.

SPRING BREAK-UP OF ESTUARIES ON HUDSON BAY*

Weather ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 364-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. W. Catchpole ◽  
D. W. Moodie ◽  
D. Milton
Keyword(s):  
Hudson Bay ◽  
Spring Break ◽  
Break Up

scholarly journals A Canadian River Ice Database from the National Hydrometric Program Archives

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1835-1860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent de Rham ◽  
Yonas Dibike ◽  
Spyros Beltaos ◽  
Daniel Peters ◽  
Barrie Bonsal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
River Ice ◽  
Ice Thickness ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Spring Break ◽  
Break Up

Abstract. River ice, like open-water conditions, is an integral component of the cold-climate hydrological cycle. The annual succession of river ice formation, growth, decay and clearance can include low flows and ice jams, as well as midwinter and spring break-up events. Reports and associated data of river ice occurrence are often limited to single locations or regional assessments, are season-specific, and use readily available data. Within Canada, the National Hydrometric Program (NHP) operates a network of gauging stations with water level as the primary measured variable to derive discharge. In the late 1990s, the Water Science and Technology Directorate of Environment and Climate Change Canada initiated a long-term effort to compile, archive and extract river-ice-related information from NHP hydrometric records. This data article describes the original research data set produced by this near 20-year effort: the Canadian River Ice Database (CRID). The CRID holds almost 73 000 recorded variables from a subset of 196 NHP stations throughout Canada that were in operation within the period 1894 to 2015. Over 100 000 paper and digital files were reviewed, representing 10 378 station years of active operation. The task of compiling this database involved manual extraction and input of more than 460 000 data entries on water level, discharge, ice thickness, date, time and data quality rating. Guidelines on the data extraction, rating procedure and challenges are provided. At each location, time series of up to 15 variables specific to the occurrence of freeze-up and winter-low events, midwinter break-up, ice thickness, spring break-up, and maximum open-water level were compiled. This database follows up on several earlier efforts to compile information on river ice, which are summarized herein, and expands the scope and detail for use in Canadian river ice research and applications. Following the Government of Canada Open Data initiative, this original river ice data set is available at https://doi.org/10.18164/c21e1852-ba8e-44af-bc13-48eeedfcf2f4 (de Rham et al., 2020).

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