Pre‐diagnostic derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites and the occurrence of lung, colorectal, breast and prostate cancer: An individual participant data meta‐analysis of two large population‐based studies

Abstract Background The role of smoking in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains uncertain, especially in endemic regions. We conducted an individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies to investigate the associations between smoking exposure and risk of NPC. Methods We obtained individual participant data of 334 935 male participants from six eligible population-based cohorts in NPC-endemic regions, including two each in Guangzhou and Taiwan, and one each in Hong Kong and Singapore. We used one- and two-stage approaches IPD meta-analysis and Cox proportional hazard models to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of NPC for smoking exposure adjusting for age and drinking status. Results During 2 961 315 person-years of follow-up, 399 NPC evens were ascertained. Risks of NPC were higher in ever versus never smokers (HRone-stage = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.07-1.63, P = 0.0088; HRtwo-stage = 1.27, 1.01-1.60, 0.04). These positive associations appeared to be stronger in ever smokers who consumed 16+ cigarettes/day (HRone-stage = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.29-2.16, P = 0.0001), and in those who started smoking at age younger than 16 (2.16, 1.33-3.50, 0.0103), with dose-response relationships (P-values for trend = 0.0028 and 0.0103, respectively). Quitting (versus daily smoking) showed a small reduced risk (stopped for 5+ years: HRone-stage = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.60-1.39, P = 0.66; for former smokers: HRtwo-stage = 0.84, 0.61-1.14, 0.26). Conclusions This first IPD meta-analysis from six prospective cohorts in endemic regions has provided robust observational evidence that smoking increased NPC risk in men. NPC should be added to the 12–16 cancer sites known to be tobacco-related cancers. Strong tobacco control policies, preventing young individuals from smoking, would reduce NPC risk in endemic regions.

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Circulating isoflavone and lignan concentrations and prostate cancer risk: a meta-analysis of individual participant data from seven prospective studies including 2,828 cases and 5,593 controls

International Journal of Cancer ◽

10.1002/ijc.31640 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 143 (11) ◽

pp. 2677-2686 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Aurora Perez-Cornago ◽

Paul N. Appleby ◽

Heiner Boeing ◽

Leire Gil ◽

Cecilie Kyrø ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Prospective Studies ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Prostate Cancer Risk ◽

Individual Participant Data ◽

Individual Participant

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A Meta-analysis of Individual Participant Data Reveals an Association between Circulating Levels of IGF-I and Prostate Cancer Risk

Cancer Research ◽

10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-1551 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 76 (8) ◽

pp. 2288-2300 ◽

Cited By ~ 64

Author(s):

Ruth C. Travis ◽

Paul N. Appleby ◽

Richard M. Martin ◽

Jeff M.P. Holly ◽

Demetrius Albanes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Prostate Cancer Risk ◽

Individual Participant Data ◽

Igf I ◽

Individual Participant ◽

Circulating Levels

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Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods and Drinks and Colorectal, Breast and Prostate Cancer in the Multicase-Control Study (MCC)-Spain

10.21203/rs.3.rs-54598/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Dora Romaguera ◽

Silvia Fernández-Barrés ◽

Esther Gracia-Levadán ◽

Eva Vendrell ◽

Mikel Azpiri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Large Population ◽

Population Based ◽

Case Control ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

Processed Foods ◽

Breast And Prostate Cancer ◽

Control Study

Abstract Background: Consumption of ultra-processed products has increased worldwide and some of their components have been suggested to be carcinogenic. We studied whether the consumption of ultra-processed foods and drinks was associated with breast, colorectal and prostate cancers.Methods: Multicentric population-based case-control study (MCC-Spain) conducted in 12 Spanish provinces. Participants were men and women between 20-85 years of age with diagnoses of colorectal (n=1852), breast (n=1486) or prostate cancer (n=953), and population-based controls (n=3543) frequency-matches by age, sex and region. Dietary intake was collected using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Foods and drinks were categorized according to their degree of processing based on the NOVA classification. Unconditional multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between ultra-processed food and drink consumption and colorectal, breast and prostate cancer.Results: In multiple adjusted models, consumption of ultra-processed foods and drinks was associated with higher risk of colorectal cancer (OR for an increment of 10% in consumption: 1.11; 95% CI 1.04 to 1.18). The corresponding odds for breast (OR 1.03; 95% CI 0.96 to 1.11) or prostate cancer (OR 1.02; 95% CI 0.93 to 1.12) were indicative of no association. Conclusions: Results of this large population-based case-control study suggest an association between the consumption of ultra-processed foods and drinks and colorectal cancer. Food policy and public health should include a focus on food processing when formulating dietary guidelines.

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