Effects of Melatonin-Aided Therapy on the Glutathione Antioxidant System Activity and Liver Protection

Aim. The aim of the work was to assess the effect of combination therapy with melatonin on the clinical and biochemical parameters of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), the level of transforming growth factor-β1, lipid profile, activity of the glutathione antioxidant system enzymes and the activity of NADPH-generating enzymes in patients.Materials and methods. The study involved 60 people (19 men and 41 women, average age 65.6 ± 9.3 years) with chronic kidney disease associated with type 2 diabetes. The patients were divided into 2 groups. The first group of patients received basic treatment (n = 30, 8 men and 22 women, mean age 64.1 ± 7.9 years); the second group of participants (n = 30, 11 men and 19 women, mean age 69.0 ± 10.5 years) received 2 mg of melatonin in addition to the basic therapy. The control group consisted of 65 apparently healthy individuals (30 men and 35 women, average age 42.3±17.7 years) with normal indicators of general and biochemical blood tests. In the course of the work, the analysis of clinical and biochemical indicators and lipid profile in blood serum, the level of transforming growth factor-β1 by enzyme immunoassay, the activity of enzymes of the glutathione antioxidant system and NADPH-generating enzymes by the spectrophotometric method were carried out.Results. The use of melatonin additionally with basic treatment compared with standard therapy led to a decrease in proteinuria (p=0.010), hyperglycemia (p=0.019), urea concentration (p=0.043), glycated hemoglobin (p=0.045) and transforming growth factor-β1 levels (p=0.020) in patients with CKD. In addition, the use of this drug led to a changing of the lipid profile, and the activity of glutathione antioxidant system enzymes and NADPH-generating enzymes.Conclusion. The differences observed during the study were apparently caused by the action of melatonin, which has nephroprotective and hypoglycemic properties, the ability to neutralize reactive oxygen species and activate the antioxidant system functioning.

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Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant System Activity Changes of Rat Blood and Cardiac Muscle Cells Under Chronic Stress

International Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysics ◽

10.13189/ijbb.2013.010103 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 16-21

Author(s):

Natalia Dachanidze ◽

George Burjanadze ◽

Zurab Kuchukashvili ◽

Ketevan Menabde ◽

Nana Koshoridze

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Cardiac Muscle ◽

Chronic Stress ◽

Antioxidant System ◽

Muscle Cells ◽

Cardiac Muscle Cells ◽

Rat Blood ◽

System Activity

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Carious Lesion Severity Induces Higher Antioxidant System Activity and Consequently Reduces Oxidative Damage in Children’s Saliva

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2020/3695683 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Heitor Ceolin Araujo ◽

Ana Cláudia Melo Stevanato Nakamune ◽

Wilson Galhego Garcia ◽

Juliano Pelim Pessan ◽

Cristina Antoniali

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Oxidative Damage ◽

Antioxidant System ◽

Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽

System Activity ◽

Enzymatic Antioxidant ◽

Stress Biomarkers ◽

Salivary Biomarkers ◽

Carious Lesions

Oxidative stress biomarkers can be found at detectable concentrations in saliva. These salivary biomarkers reflect specific oxidation pathways associated with caries and periodontitis. Our study evaluated the influence of dental caries severity (assessed using the ICCMS™ criteria) on the levels of oxidative stress biomarkers in saliva from children. Unstimulated saliva samples were collected from patients (from one to three years old) in a day care center in Birigui, SP, Brazil, two hours after fasting. Children were divided into four groups (n=30/group), according to caries severity: caries free (group A), early carious lesions (group B), moderate carious lesions (group C), and advanced carious lesions (group D). The following salivary biomarkers were determined: total proteins (TP), measured by the Lowry method; oxidative damage, measured by the TBARS method; total antioxidant capacity (TAC); superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymatic antioxidant activity; and uric acid (UA) non-enzymatic antioxidant activity. Data were analyzed by ANOVA, followed by the Student-Newman-Keuls test, Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients, and multivariable linear regression (p<0.05). TP, TAC, SOD enzymatic antioxidant activity, and UA non-enzymatic antioxidant activity increased with caries severity, consequently reducing salivary oxidative damage. It was concluded that higher caries severity increases salivary antioxidant system activity, with consequent reduction in salivary oxidative damage.

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