An in‐vitro comparison of root surface roughness and bacterial adhesion following treatment with three different instruments

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the root surface roughness after instrumentation with hand curette and diamond-coated sonic and universal ultrasonic tips. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty root surfaces of human teeth were randomly assigned to four treatment groups: control group (without instrumentation), curette instrumentation, ultrasonic instrumentation with universal tip and sonic instrumentation with diamond-coated tip. Each sample was instrumented with fifteen strokes. Before and after instrumentation, surface roughness was measured. In addition, the root surface topography was examined after treatment under the scanning electron microscope. RESULTS: Significant statistical differences (p <0.05) were observed when comparing the control group (0.48±0.07mm) to the treated groups (hand - 1.246±0.279mm, ultrasonic - 1.468±0.177mm and sonic instrumentation - 1.576±0.20mm). The highest roughness was produced by diamond-coated sonic tip and by ultrasonic universal tip (p >0.05). CONCLUSION: The diamond-coated tip with sonic scaler instrumentation and ultrasonic instrumentation produce similar root surface roughness, higher than curette instrumentation.

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Influence of scaler tip design on root surface roughness, tooth substance loss and patients’ pain perception: an in vitro and a randomised clinical trial

BMC Oral Health ◽

10.1186/s12903-021-01540-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Nur Ayman Abdul Hayei ◽

Noor Azlin Yahya ◽

Syarida Hasnur Safii ◽

Roslan Saub ◽

Rathna Devi Vaithilingam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

Clinical Study ◽

Pain Perception ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Root Surface ◽

Vitro Study ◽

Group A ◽

Substance Loss ◽

Group B

Abstract Background The influence of scaler tip design on root surface roughness, tooth substance loss and patients’ pain perception is investigated. Methods This article was divided into the following parts: Part 1 Surface roughness and substance loss: an in vitro study, which involves intact extracted teeth sectioned and treated using a piezoelectric ultrasonic device (PM200 EMS Piezon, Switzerland) with a conventional scaler tip (FS-407) and a Perio Slim (PS) scaler tip (Perio Slim DS-016A). All sectioned samples for tooth surface roughness (n = 20) and tooth substance loss (n = 46) analyses were measured and compared using a 3D surface texture analyser and scanning electron microscope (SEM) respectively, at baseline and following scaling. Part 2 Pain Perception: a clinical study, which was a split mouth study design including 30 participants with gingivitis and/or mild chronic periodontitis; treated with supra-gingival scaling from teeth #13 to #23. Subjects were randomised to group A or group B. Group A was treated first with PS scaler tips, whereas group B was treated first with conventional scaler tips. Pain perception was recorded using the visual analogue scale (VAS). Results In vitro study: both scaler tips caused significant reduction in root substance roughness after scaling (p < 0.05), but no significant difference between the two scaler tips (p > 0.05) was observed. The PS scaler tip caused statistically significantly less root substance loss (p < 0.05) when the initial thickness of the tooth was < 1000 µm. Clinical study: the participants reported significantly lesser pain score during scaling using the PS scaler tip (median: 3) than when using the conventional scaler tip (median: 5) (p < 0.05). Conclusions In the in vitro study, using a slim scaler tip design causes less tooth substance loss compared to a wider scaler tip design. In the clinical study, less pain was observed compared than a wide (conventional) scaler tip design.

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Surface roughness of enamel and root surface after scaling, root planning and polishing procedures: An in-vitro study

Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research ◽

10.1016/j.jobcr.2021.02.013 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tuba Talo Yildirim ◽

Faruk Öztekin ◽

Esra Keklik ◽

Melek Didem Tözüm

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Root Surface ◽

Vitro Study ◽

Polishing Procedures ◽

Root Planning

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In vitro Evaluation of Structural Factors Favouring Bacterial Adhesion on Orthodontic Adhesive Resins

10.20944/preprints202103.0322.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Roberta Condò ◽

Gianluca Mampieri ◽

Guido Pasquantonio ◽

Aldo Giancotti ◽

Paola Pirelli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

Bacterial Adhesion ◽

Focused Ion Beam ◽

Ion Beam ◽

Structural Factors ◽

Adhesive Material ◽

Internal Structures ◽

Structural Nature ◽

Beam Technique

Bacterial adhesion to the surface of the adhesive material is an important step in the formation of plaque and enamel demineralization. In order to correlate the material composition to the specific surface roughness of the resin and to the probable more favourable adhesion of bacteria, scanning electron microscopy, combined with focus ion bean micromachining, together with stylus profilometry analysis have been in vitro performed to reveal the structural nature of three orthodontic adhesive resins used for bracket bonding and, above all, to understand how compositional factors can influence specific pivotal properties such as material’s surface roughness and robustness. In particular, we speculated about the morphological features that determine an increase in the bacterial adhesion and we proposed focused ion beam technique as a valuable tool to compare the internal structures of the polymers and to determine the peculiar mechanical properties of the examined adhesive resins.

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