Genetic structure of red deer population in northeastern Poland in relation to the history of human interventions

The population of Red Deer (Cervus elaphus L., 1758) in Tulcea county (Romania) The presence of the Red Deer in the North-western parts of Tulcea County is an example of the natural expansion of a species spreading area. In North Dobrogea, this mammal first occurred only forty years ago. The first specimens were spotted on Cocoşul Hill (on the territory of Niculiţel area) in 1970. Peak numbers (68 individuals) were registered in the spring of 1987. The deer population (67 specimens in 2007) of this county extended along 10 km from West to East and 20 km from North to South over a total of 23,000 ha (55% of which was forest land) in the East of the Măcin Mountains and in the West of the Niculiţel Plateau.

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Inter- and Intrasexual Variation in Aging Patterns across Reproductive Traits in a Wild Red Deer Population

The American Naturalist ◽

10.2307/40306063 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 174 (3) ◽

pp. 342

Author(s):

Nussey ◽

Kruuk ◽

Morris ◽

Clements ◽

Pemberton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Red Deer ◽

Reproductive Traits ◽

Deer Population

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Tracking red deer population size using deterministic cohort analysis

Mammalian Biology ◽

10.1007/s42991-021-00128-z ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Valerio Donini ◽

Luca Corlatti ◽

Luca Pedrotti

Keyword(s):

Population Size ◽

Cervus Elaphus ◽

Red Deer ◽

Cohort Analysis ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Natural Mortality ◽

Relative Index ◽

Deer Population ◽

Monitoring Tools ◽

Over Time

AbstractReliable and cost-effective monitoring tools to track population size over time are of key importance for wildlife management and conservation. Deterministic cohort analysis may be used to this aim, especially in hunted populations, but it requires that all mortality events are recorded and that individual age at death is known exactly. In this study, we investigated the reliability of cohort analysis as a relative index to track over-time variation in red deer (Cervus elaphus) abundance, in the absence of exact information about natural mortality and age. Visual tooth inspection was used to age 18,390 individuals found dead or hunted between 1982 and 2020 within the Trentino sector of the Stelvio National Park and the Val di Sole hunting district (Central Italian Alps). Temporal trend of reconstructed population size was checked using spring spotlight counts as a benchmark, through the Buishand range test and a linear model. Our results showed a significant and positive relationship between reconstructed population size and spring spotlight counts between 1982 and 2013, suggesting that cohort analysis could reliably track red deer population trend up to 7 years in the past. With a relative error of + 1.1 (SD = 1.5) years in the estimation of age, and fairly stable hunting pressure, our results support the use of deterministic cohort analysis as a relative index of abundance for monitoring red deer over time, even in the absence of exact information about natural mortality. Under violation of assumptions, however, the performance of deterministic reconstruction should be carefully inspected at the management scale.

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The rise and fall of diseases: reflections on the history of population health in Europe since ca. 1700

European Journal of Epidemiology ◽

10.1007/s10654-021-00719-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Johan P. Mackenbach

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Risks ◽

The Body ◽

Health Interventions ◽

Epidemiological Transition ◽

Public Health Interventions ◽

Human Interventions ◽

Ultimate Cause ◽

History Of ◽

Limited Usefulness

AbstractThis essay explores the amazing phenomenon that in Europe since ca. 1700 most diseases have shown a pattern of 'rise-and-fall'. It argues that the rise of so many diseases indicates that their ultimate cause is not to be sought within the body, but in the interaction between humans and their environment. In their tireless pursuit of a better life, Europeans have constantly engaged in new activities which exposed them to new health risks, at a pace that evolution could not keep up with. Fortunately, most diseases have also declined again, mainly as a result of human interventions, in the form of public health interventions or improvements in medical care. The virtually continuous succession of diseases starting to fall in the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries suggests that the concept of an “epidemiological transition” has limited usefulness.

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Non-indigenous introgression into the Norwegian red deer population

Conservation Genetics ◽

10.1007/s10592-012-0431-1 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 237-242 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

H. Haanes ◽

J. Rosvold ◽

K. H. Røed

Keyword(s):

Red Deer ◽

Deer Population

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Genetic variability and demographic history of Heliothis virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) populations from Brazil inferred by mtDNA sequences

Bulletin of Entomological Research ◽

10.1017/s0007485311000678 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 102 (3) ◽

pp. 333-343 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

K.C. Albernaz ◽

K.L. Silva-Brandão ◽

P. Fresia ◽

F.L. Cônsoli ◽

C. Omoto

Keyword(s):

Genetic Structure ◽

Genetic Variability ◽

Heliothis Virescens ◽

Demographic History ◽

Haplotype Diversity ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Haplotype Network ◽

Demographic Expansion ◽

Significant Genetic Structure ◽

History Of

AbstractIntra- and inter-population genetic variability and the demographic history of Heliothis virescens (F.) populations were evaluated by using mtDNA markers (coxI, coxII and nad6) with samples from the major cotton- and soybean-producing regions in Brazil in the growing seasons 2007/08, 2008/09 and 2009/10. AMOVA indicated low and non-significant genetic structure, regardless of geographical scale, growing season or crop, with most of genetic variation occurring within populations. Clustering analyzes also indicated low genetic differentiation. The haplotype network obtained with combined datasets resulted in 35 haplotypes, with 28 exclusive occurrences, four of them sampled only from soybean fields. The minimum spanning network showed star-shaped structures typical of populations that underwent a recent demographic expansion. The recent expansion was supported by other demographic analyzes, such as the Bayesian skyline plot, the unimodal distribution of paired differences among mitochondrial sequences, and negative and significant values of neutrality tests for the Tajima's D and Fu's FS parameters. In addition, high values of haplotype diversity (Ĥ) and low values of nucleotide diversity (π), combined with a high number of low frequency haplotypes and values of θπ<θW, suggested a recent demographic expansion of H. virescens populations in Brazil. This demographic event could be responsible for the low genetic structure currently found; however, haplotypes present uniquely at the same geographic regions and from one specific host plant suggest an initial differentiation among H. virescens populations within Brazil.

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