Lie symmetries for analyzing interaction of a characteristic shock with a singular surface in a non‐ideal reacting gas with dust particles

AbstractA system of hyperbolic differential equations outlining one-dimensional planar, cylindrical symmetric and spherical symmetric flow of a relaxing gas with dust particles is considered. Singular surface theory used to study different aspects of wave propagation and its culmination to the steepened form. The evolutionary behavior of the characteristic shock is studied. A particular solution of the governing system of equations is used to discuss the steepened wave form, characteristic shock and their interaction. The results of the interaction between the steepened wave front and the characteristic shock using the general theory of wave interaction are discussed. Also, the influence of relaxation and dust parameters on the steepened wave front, the formation of a characteristic shock, reflected and transmitted waves after interaction and a jump in shock acceleration are investigated.

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Singular surface and steepening of waves in a non-ideal gas with dust particles

Computational and Applied Mathematics ◽

10.1007/s40314-014-0135-x ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. 729-739 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Meera Chadha ◽

J. Jena

Keyword(s):

Ideal Gas ◽

Singular Surface ◽

Dust Particles

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Saturn's E, G and F rings: modulated by the plasma sheet

International Astronomical Union Colloquium ◽

10.1017/s0252921100101666 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 75 ◽

pp. 597

Author(s):

E. Grün ◽

G.E. Morfill ◽

T.V. Johnson ◽

G.H. Schwehm

Keyword(s):

Solar Wind ◽

Direct Contact ◽

Transport Processes ◽

Time Variable ◽

Dust Particles ◽

Spatial Diffusion ◽

Drag Forces ◽

Orbit Perturbation ◽

Time Variations ◽

F Ring

ABSTRACTSaturn's broad E ring, the narrow G ring and the structured and apparently time variable F ring(s), contain many micron and sub-micron sized particles, which make up the “visible” component. These rings (or ring systems) are in direct contact with magnetospheric plasma. Fluctuations in the plasma density and/or mean energy, due to magnetospheric and solar wind processes, may induce stochastic charge variations on the dust particles, which in turn lead to an orbit perturbation and spatial diffusion. It is suggested that the extent of the E ring and the braided, kinky structure of certain portions of the F rings as well as possible time variations are a result of plasma induced electromagnetic perturbations and drag forces. The G ring, in this scenario, requires some form of shepherding and should be akin to the F ring in structure. Sputtering of micron-sized dust particles in the E ring by magnetospheric ions yields lifetimes of 102to 104years. This effect as well as the plasma induced transport processes require an active source for the E ring, probably Enceladus.

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Analytical Electron Microscopy Characterization of Electric Arc Furnace Dust

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100097326 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 39 ◽

pp. 134-135

Author(s):

J. R. Porter ◽

J. I. Goldstein ◽

D. B. Williams

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Analytical Electron Microscopy ◽

Electric Arc Furnace ◽

Electric Arc ◽

Dust Particles ◽

Particle Analysis ◽

Arc Furnace ◽

Analytical Electron ◽

Residual Elements ◽

Industry Practice

Alloy scrap metal is increasingly being used in electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking and the alloying elements are also found in the resulting dust. A comprehensive characterization program of EAF dust has been undertaken in collaboration with the steel industry and AISI. Samples have been collected from the furnaces of 28 steel companies representing the broad spectrum of industry practice. The program aims to develop an understanding of the mechanisms of formation so that procedures to recover residual elements or recycle the dust can be established. The multi-phase, multi-component dust particles are amenable to individual particle analysis using modern analytical electron microscopy (AEM) methods.Particles are ultrasonically dispersed and subsequently supported on carbon coated formvar films on berylium grids for microscopy. The specimens require careful treatment to prevent agglomeration during preparation which occurs as a result of the combined effects of the fine particle size and particle magnetism. A number of approaches to inhibit agglomeration are currently being evaluated including dispersal in easily sublimable organic solids and size fractioning by centrifugation.

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Improving soil remediation through characterization

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100138300 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 53 ◽

pp. 386-387

Author(s):

E. C. Buck ◽

N. L. Dietz ◽

J. K. Bates

Keyword(s):

Dust Particles ◽

Radiochemical Analysis ◽

Solid Product ◽

Uranium Contamination ◽

Physical Separation ◽

X Ray ◽

Rocky Flats ◽

Remediation Strategies ◽

Bearing Materials ◽

X Ray Absorption

Operations at former weapons processing facilities in the U. S. have resulted in a large volume of radionuclidecontaminated soils and residues. In an effort to improve remediation strategies and meet environmental regulations, radionuclide-bearing particles in contaminant soils from Fernald in Ohio and the Rocky Flats Plant (RFP) in Colorado have been characterized by electron microscopy. The object of these studies was to determine the form of the contaminant radionuclide, so that it properties could be established [1]. Physical separation and radiochemical analysis determined that uranium contamination at Fernald was not present exclusively in any one size/density fraction [2]. The uranium-contamination resulted from aqueous and solid product spills, air-borne dust particles, and from the operation of an incinerator on site. At RFP the contamination was from the incineration of Pu-bearing materials. Further analysis by x-ray absorption spectroscopy indicated that the majority of the uranium was in the 6+ oxidation state [3].

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