Programming of the Beige Phenotype in White Adipose Tissue of Adult Mice by Mild Resveratrol and Nicotinamide Riboside Supplementations in Early Postnatal Life

This study analyzed the effect of diet enriched with 30% lipids on cytokines content in different tissues. Swiss male mice were distributed into four groups treated for 8 weeks with control (C, normolipidic diet); soybean oil (S); lard (L); and hydrogenated vegetable fat (H). We observed an increase in carcass fat in groups S and L, and the total amount of fatty deposits was only higher in group L compared with C group. The serum levels of free fatty acids were lower in the L group, and insulin, adiponectin, lipid profile, and glucose levels were similar among the groups. IL-10 was lower in group L in mesenteric and retroperitoneal adipose tissues. H reduced IL-10 only in retroperitoneal adipose tissue. There was an increase in IL-6 in the gastrocnemius muscle of the L group, and a positive correlation between TNF-αand IL-10 was observed in the livers of groups C, L, and H and in the muscles of all groups studied. The results suggested relationships between the quantity and quality of lipids ingested with adiposity, the concentration of free fatty acids, and cytokine production in white adipose tissue, gastrocnemius muscle, and liver.

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Young adult mice exposed to postnatal neglect display downregulation of transcription factors in visceral white adipose tissue

The FASEB Journal ◽

10.1096/fasebj.2018.32.1_supplement.883.7 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 32 (S1) ◽

Author(s):

Jackeline Leachman ◽

Joseph B. Herald ◽

Kuey Chu Chen ◽

Analia S. Loria

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Transcription Factors ◽

Young Adult ◽

White Adipose Tissue ◽

Adult Mice

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SAT-585 Autoregulation of Adipose Tissue Development

Journal of the Endocrine Society ◽

10.1210/jendso/bvaa046.389 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Brian Feldman ◽

Mohd Sayeed ◽

Krishna Nakuluri

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Energy Storage ◽

Progenitor Cells ◽

Postnatal Life ◽

Tissue Formation ◽

Adipose Depot ◽

Number Of Factors ◽

Adipose Tissue Development ◽

Early Postnatal Life

Abstract White adipose tissue not only serves as a reservoir for energy storage but also secretes a variety of hormonal signals and modulates systemic metabolism. A substantial amount of adipose tissue develops in early postnatal life, providing unique access to the formation of this important tissue. However, while a number of factors have been identified that can modulate the differentiation of progenitor cells into mature adipocytes in cell autonomous assays, it remains unclear which are connected to physiological extracellular inputs and are most relevant to tissue formation in vivo. We elucidated that mature adipocytes themselves signal to adipose depot-resident progenitor cells to direct depot formation in early postnatal life and gate adipogenesis when the tissue matures. Our studies reveal that, as the adipose depot matures, a previously unrecognized signal is generated in mature adipocytes that converges on progenitor cells to regulate the cytoskeleton and attenuate the rate adipogenesis in vivo. This signal toggles the adipose depots from developmental to tissue homeostatic levels of adipogenesis.

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The early development of white adipose tissue. Effects of litter size on the lipoprotein lipase activity of four adipose-tissue depots, serum immunoreactive insulin and tissue cellularity during the first four weeks of life in the rat

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bj1780711 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 178 (3) ◽

pp. 711-724 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Anthony Cryer ◽

Heather M. Jones

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Lipoprotein Lipase ◽

White Adipose Tissue ◽

Lipase Activity ◽

Nonesterified Fatty Acid ◽

Immunoreactive Insulin ◽

Postnatal Life ◽

Fat Cells ◽

Lipoprotein Lipase Activity ◽

Fat Cell

1. Newborn rats were reared in litters of either four or sixteen individuals. The animals from the small litters gained body weight more rapidly than those from large litters during the first 29 days of postnatal life studied. 2. The relative weights of the perigenital, perirenal, subcutaneous and intramuscular white-adipose-tissue sites in the animals from small litters indicated their relative obesity compared with controls. 3. The adipose depots from animals reared in small litters had a greater proportion of lipid present, by weight, and had a greater number of larger fat-cells present in them compared with the depots of animals reared in large litters. 4. Compared with both normal-sized litter controls and animals reared in sixteens, during the period of study the animals from small litters were hypertriacylglycerolaemic but normocholesterolaemic. 5. During suckling the blood glucose concentrations of animals reared in fours were increased, as were the concentrations of circulating immunoreactive insulin. 6. During the 29 days of life studied, in general, the lipoprotein lipase activity of adipose depots from animals reared in fours was greater than for animals in large litters when expressed as μmol of nonesterified fatty acid released from the substrate/h per g fresh weight of tissue, per depot, or per million fat-cells, but were similar per cm2 of fat-cell surface area. 7. The previously noted [Cryer & Jones (1978) Biochem. J.172, 319–325] pattern of mid-suckling elevation, late-suckling decline and post-weaning increase in the lipoprotein lipase activity of the four white-adipose depots studied was not obliterated by the nutritional manipulations employed. 8. The relation of the enzyme-activity changes and their hormonal stimuli to triacylglycerol accumulation in fat-cells of animals from large and small litters is discussed in relation to the possible significance they may have to our understanding of neonatally induced obesity.

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High Dose of Dietary Nicotinamide Riboside Induces Glucose Intolerance and White Adipose Tissue Dysfunction in Mice Fed a Mildly Obesogenic Diet

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11102439 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 2439 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Wenbiao Shi ◽

Maria A. Hegeman ◽

Atanaska Doncheva ◽

Melissa Bekkenkamp-Grovenstein ◽

Vincent C. J. de Boer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

White Adipose Tissue ◽

Dietary Intervention ◽

Metabolic Health ◽

Sirtuin 1 ◽

Metabolic Flexibility ◽

High Dose ◽

Gene Markers ◽

Nicotinamide Riboside ◽

Obesogenic Diet

Nicotinamide riboside (NR) is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) precursor vitamin. The scarce reports on the adverse effects on metabolic health of supplementation with high-dose NR warrant substantiation. Here, we aimed to examine the physiological responses to high-dose NR supplementation in the context of a mildly obesogenic diet and to substantiate this with molecular data. An 18-week dietary intervention was conducted in male C57BL/6JRccHsd mice, in which a diet with 9000 mg NR per kg diet (high NR) was compared to a diet with NR at the recommended vitamin B3 level (control NR). Both diets were mildly obesogenic (40 en% fat). Metabolic flexibility and glucose tolerance were analyzed and immunoblotting, qRT-PCR and histology of epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) were performed. Mice fed with high NR showed a reduced metabolic flexibility, a lower glucose clearance rate and aggravated systemic insulin resistance. This was consistent with molecular and morphological changes in eWAT, including sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)-mediated PPARγ (proliferator-activated receptor γ) repression, downregulated AKT/glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) signaling, an increased number of crown-like structures and macrophages, and an upregulation of pro-inflammatory gene markers. In conclusion, high-dose NR induces the onset of WAT dysfunction, which may in part explain the deterioration of metabolic health.

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Adipose tissue development during early postnatal life in ewe-reared lambs

Experimental Physiology ◽

10.1113/expphysiol.1997.sp004077 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 82 (6) ◽

pp. 1015-1027 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

L Clarke ◽

DS Buss ◽

DT Juniper ◽

MA Lomax ◽

ME Symonds

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Postnatal Life ◽

Tissue Development ◽

Adipose Tissue Development ◽

Early Postnatal Life

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Early-life programming of adipose tissue

Nutrition Research Reviews ◽

10.1017/s0954422420000037 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 244-259 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ericka Moreno-Mendez ◽

Saray Quintero-Fabian ◽

Cristina Fernandez-Mejia ◽

Maria-Luisa Lazo-de-la-Vega-Monroy

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Fetal Growth ◽

Early Life ◽

Maternal Obesity ◽

Tissue Expansion ◽

Tissue Cell ◽

Postnatal Life ◽

Critical Periods ◽

Early Life Programming ◽

Early Postnatal Life

AbstractWorldwide obesity is increasing at an alarming rate in children and adolescents, with the consequent emergence of co-morbidities. Moreover, the maternal environment during pregnancy plays an important role in obesity, contributing to transgenerational transmission of the same and metabolic dysfunction. White adipose tissue represents a prime target of metabolic programming induced by maternal milieu. In this article, we review adipose tissue physiology and development, as well as maternal influences during the perinatal period that may lead to obesity in early postnatal life and adulthood. First, we describe the adipose tissue cell composition, distribution and hormonal action, together with the evidence of hormonal factors participating in fetal/postnatal programming. Subsequently, we describe the critical periods of adipose tissue development and the relationship of gestational and early postnatal life with healthy fetal adipose tissue expansion. Furthermore, we discuss the evidence showing that adipose tissue is an important target for nutritional, hormonal and epigenetic signals to modulate fetal growth. Finally, we describe nutritional, hormonal, epigenetic and microbiome changes observed in maternal obesity, and whether their disruption alters fetal growth and adiposity. The presented evidence supports the developmental origins of health and disease concept, which proposes that the homeostatic system is affected during gestational and postnatal development, impeding the ability to regulate body weight after birth, thereby resulting in adult obesity. Consequently, we anticipate that promoting a healthy early-life programming of adipose tissue and increasing the knowledge of the mechanisms by which maternal factors affect the health of future generations may offer novel strategies for explaining and addressing worldwide health problems such as obesity.

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DNA Methylation Changes are Associated with the Programming of White Adipose Tissue Browning Features by Resveratrol and Nicotinamide Riboside Neonatal Supplementations in Mice

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12020461 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 461

Author(s):

Alba Serrano ◽

Madhu Asnani-Kishnani ◽

Charlene Couturier ◽

Julien Astier ◽

Andreu Palou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dna Methylation ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

White Adipose Tissue ◽

De Novo ◽

Brown Adipocyte ◽

Chow Diet ◽

Male Mice ◽

Nicotinamide Riboside ◽

Epigenetic Effects

Neonatal supplementation with resveratrol (RSV) or nicotinamide riboside (NR) programs in male mice brown adipocyte-like features in white adipose tissue (WAT browning) together with improved metabolism in adulthood. We tested the involvement in this programming of long-term epigenetic changes in two browning-related genes that are overexpressed in WAT of supplemented mice, Slc27a1 and Prdm16. Suckling mice received orally the vehicle, RSV or NR from postnatal days 2-to-20. After weaning (d21) onto a chow diet, male mice were habituated to a normal-fat diet (NFD) starting d75, and split on d90 into continuation on the NFD or switching to a high-fat diet (HFD) until euthanization on d164. CpG methylation by bisulfite-sequencing was analyzed on inguinal WAT. Both treatments modified methylation marks in Slc27a1 and Prdm16 and the HFD-dependent dynamics of these marks in the adult WAT, with distinct and common effects. The treatments also affected gene expression of de novo DNA methylases in WAT of young animals (euthanized at d35 in independent experiments). Studies in 3T3-L1 adipocytes indicated the direct effects of RSV and NR on the DNA methylation machinery and favoring browning features. The results support epigenetic effects being involved in WAT programming by neonatal RSV or NR supplementation in male mice.

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