Dietary milk phospholipids attenuate chronic stress‐induced changes in behaviour and endocrine response across the lifespan

The Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) initiative provides a strategy for classifying psychopathology based on behavioral dimensions and neurobiological measures. Neurodevelopment is an orthogonal dimension in the current RDoC framework; however, it has not yet been fully incorporated into the RDoC approach. A combination of both a neurodevelopmental and RDoC approach offers a multidimensional perspective for understanding the emergence of psychopathology during development. Environmental influence (e.g., stress) has a profound impact on the risk for development of psychiatric illnesses. It has been shown that chronic stress interacts with the developing brain, producing significant changes in neural circuits that eventually increase the susceptibility for development of psychiatric disorders. This review highlights effects of chronic stress on the adolescent brain, as adolescence is a period characterized by a combination of significant brain alterations, high levels of stress, and emergence of psychopathology. The literature synthesized in this review suggests that chronic stress-induced changes in neurobiology and behavioral constructs underlie the shared vulnerability across a number of disorders in adolescence. The review particularly focuses on depression and substance use disorders; however, a similar argument can also be made for other psychopathologies, including anxiety disorders. The summarized findings underscore the need for a framework to integrate neurobiological findings from disparate psychiatric disorders and to target transdiagnostic mechanisms across disorders.

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Vitamin D Regulatory Effect on Restraint Stress-Induced Changes on Serum Corticosterone and Hippocampus BDNF Levels in Male Rats

Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health ◽

10.5812/mejrh.115164 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol In Press (In Press) ◽

Author(s):

Katayoun Sedaghat ◽

Sara Choobdar ◽

Ahmad Reza Bandegi ◽

Zahra Ghods

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Chronic Stress ◽

Restraint Stress ◽

Male Rats ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Bdnf Level ◽

Serum Corticosterone ◽

Protein Levels ◽

Induced Changes ◽

The Impact

Background: Chronic stress exerts negative effects on cognitive functions through inducing changes in the hippocampus. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is an essential factor in cognitive activities, which is considerably reduced under chronic stress. 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D plays neuroprotective roles partially by regulating the expression of various neurotrophic factors. Objectives: Since few studies have studied the impact of vitamin D on BDNF level, we conducted this brief experiment to understand the role of vitamin D in maintaining hippocampal BDNF protein levels by using restraint as a model of chronic stress in rats. Methods: Rats underwent restraint stress 3 h/day for 28 days, during which they received vitamin D (5, 10 μg/kg) or its vehicle (IP, twice weekly). After the stress period, serum corticosterone (CORT) and hippocampus BDNF protein levels were measured. Results: Restraint stress increased serum CORT (P < 0.001) and reduced BDNF protein levels (P < 0.001) as compared to the non-stress group. Vitamin D markedly maintained BDNF level close to normal (P < 0.001), but did not change CORT level significantly. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that 3h/day of chronic restraint stress for 28 days boosted serum CORT and declined hippocampal BDNF levels, similar to stronger restraint stress models. Vitamin D maintained BDNF level close to normal in the hippocampus, but it did not affect CORT level significantly.

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Chronic stress induced changes in LH secretion: The contribution of anorexia associated to stress

Life Sciences ◽

10.1016/0024-3205(93)90101-8 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 52 (14) ◽

pp. 1187-1194 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

O. Martí ◽

A. Gavaldà ◽

J. Martí ◽

M. Gil ◽

M. Giralt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Stress ◽

Induced Changes ◽

Lh Secretion

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Chronic stress and antidepressant induced changes in Hdac5 and Sirt2 affect synaptic plasticity

European Neuropsychopharmacology ◽

10.1016/j.euroneuro.2015.08.016 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 25 (11) ◽

pp. 2036-2048 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

M. Erburu ◽

I. Muñoz-Cobo ◽

J. Domínguez-Andrés ◽

E. Beltran ◽

T. Suzuki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Synaptic Plasticity ◽

Chronic Stress ◽

Induced Changes

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Adrenal responsiveness in domestic sheep (Ovis aries) to acute and chronic stressors as predicted by remote monitoring of cardiac frequency

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z87-307 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 65 (8) ◽

pp. 2021-2027 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Henry J. Harlow ◽

E. Tom Thorne ◽

Elizabeth S. Williams ◽

E. Lee Belden ◽

William A. Gern

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Chronic Stress ◽

Acute Stress ◽

Ovis Aries ◽

Domestic Sheep ◽

Free Living ◽

Chronic Stressors ◽

Cortisol Responses ◽

Adrenal Response ◽

Induced Changes

The concept of stress and the general adaptive syndrome as advanced by Hans Selye has received considerable attention during the past decade primarily in its interpretation of physiological changes associated with chronic stress. Our work with domestic sheep (Ovis aries) habituated to stalls and fitted with halters carrying indwelling electrocardiogram leads and jugular vein cannulas allowed us to remotely test heart rate and blood cortisol responses of these animals to graded stressors. A radioimmunoassay was validated on domestic sheep plasma. We were unable to identify significant alterations of the adrenal response test by sheep exposed to synthetic adrenocorticotropic hormone after 34 days of chronic stress, suggesting neither adrenal exhaustion nor hypersensitivity. As an indicator of acute stress, we obtained a correlation coefficient of 0.91 between heart rate and blood cortisol, which suggests that heart rate has a strong potential of being a reliable predictor of cortisol values. With a regression equation, the heart rate of observed free-living sheep monitored by telemetry could be used to predict plasma cortisol levels and that, in turn, to predict potential stress-induced changes in animal production, including immunity.

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Extracellular vesicles from Gram-positive and Gram-negative probiotics remediate stress-induced depressive behavior in mice

10.21203/rs.3.rs-766802/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Juli Choi ◽

Hyejin Kwon ◽

Yoon-Keun Kim ◽

Pyung-Lim Han

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

Chronic Stress ◽

Extracellular Vesicles ◽

16S Rrna Genes ◽

Rrna Genes ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Depressive Behavior ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Induced Changes ◽

The Brain

Abstract Chronic stress causes maladaptive changes in the brain that lead to depressive behavior. In the present study, we investigate whether chronic stress alters gut microbiota and whether specific mediators of probiotics remedies stress-induced maladaptive changes in the brain. Mice treated with daily 2-h restraint for 14 days (CRST) exhibit depressive-like behavior. Sequence readings of 16S rRNA genes prepared from fecal samples taken from CRST-treated mice suggest that chronic stress induces gut microbiota changes that are pronounced 14 days after the last restraint, relative to those that occur in the 14-day stress phase. The genus Lactobacillus is one such microbiota substantially changed following chronic stress. In contrast, post-stress treatment with extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from the Gram-positive probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum are sufficient to ameliorate stress-induced depressive-like behavior. Interestingly, EVs from the Gram-positive probiotic Bacillus subtilis and EVs from the Gram-negative probiotic Akkermansia muciniphila also produce anti-depressive-like effects. While chronic stress decreases expression of MeCP2, Sirt1, and/or neurotrophic factors in the hippocampus, EVs from the selected probiotics differentially restore stress-induced changes of these factors. These results suggest that chronic stress produces persistent changes in gut microbiota composition, whereas EVs of certain probiotics can be used for treatment of stress-induced maladaptive changes.

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