scholarly journals Emerging new tools to study and treat muscle pathologies: genetics and molecular mechanisms underlying skeletal muscle development, regeneration, and disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 241 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Crist
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Development

scholarly journals Noncoding RNAs, Emerging Regulators of Skeletal Muscle Development and Diseases

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mao Nie ◽  
Zhong-Liang Deng ◽  
Jianming Liu ◽  
Da-Zhi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Development ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Optimal Function ◽  
Muscle Biology ◽  
Independent Life ◽  
Systematic Understanding

A healthy and independent life requires skeletal muscles to maintain optimal function throughout the lifespan, which is in turn dependent on efficient activation of processes that regulate muscle development, homeostasis, and metabolism. Thus, identifying mechanisms that modulate these processes is of crucial priority. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), have emerged as a class of previously unrecognized transcripts whose importance in a wide range of biological processes and human disease is only starting to be appreciated. In this review, we summarize the roles of recently identified miRNAs and lncRNAs during skeletal muscle development and pathophysiology. We also discuss several molecular mechanisms of these noncoding RNAs. Undoubtedly, further systematic understanding of these noncoding RNAs’ functions and mechanisms will not only greatly expand our knowledge of basic skeletal muscle biology, but also significantly facilitate the development of therapies for various muscle diseases, such as muscular dystrophies, cachexia, and sarcopenia.

scholarly journals The Key Lnc (RNA)s in Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle Development, Regeneration, and Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Amanda Pinheiro ◽  
Francisco J. Naya
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Striated Muscle ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Development ◽  
Non Coding Rnas

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a key role in the regulation of transcriptional and epigenetic activity in mammalian cells. Comprehensive analysis of these ncRNAs has revealed sophisticated gene regulatory mechanisms which finely tune the proper gene output required for cellular homeostasis, proliferation, and differentiation. However, this elaborate circuitry has also made it vulnerable to perturbations that often result in disease. Among the many types of ncRNAs, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) appear to have the most diverse mechanisms of action including competitive binding to miRNA targets, direct binding to mRNA, interactions with transcription factors, and facilitation of epigenetic modifications. Moreover, many lncRNAs display tissue-specific expression patterns suggesting an important regulatory role in organogenesis, yet the molecular mechanisms through which these molecules regulate cardiac and skeletal muscle development remains surprisingly limited. Given the structural and metabolic similarities of cardiac and skeletal muscle, it is likely that several lncRNAs expressed in both of these tissues have conserved functions in establishing the striated muscle phenotype. As many aspects of regeneration recapitulate development, understanding the role lncRNAs play in these processes may provide novel insights to improve regenerative therapeutic interventions in cardiac and skeletal muscle diseases. This review highlights key lncRNAs that function as regulators of development, regeneration, and disease in cardiac and skeletal muscle. Finally, we highlight lncRNAs encoded by imprinted genes in striated muscle and the contributions of these loci on the regulation of gene expression.

scholarly journals Key Genes Regulating Skeletal Muscle Development and Growth in Farm Animals

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 835
Author(s):  
Mohammadreza Mohammadabadi ◽  
Farhad Bordbar ◽  
Just Jensen ◽  
Min Du ◽  
Wei Guo
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Development ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Myogenic Regulatory Factor

Farm-animal species play crucial roles in satisfying demands for meat on a global scale, and they are genetically being developed to enhance the efficiency of meat production. In particular, one of the important breeders’ aims is to increase skeletal muscle growth in farm animals. The enhancement of muscle development and growth is crucial to meet consumers’ demands regarding meat quality. Fetal skeletal muscle development involves myogenesis (with myoblast proliferation, differentiation, and fusion), fibrogenesis, and adipogenesis. Typically, myogenesis is regulated by a convoluted network of intrinsic and extrinsic factors monitored by myogenic regulatory factor genes in two or three phases, as well as genes that code for kinases. Marker-assisted selection relies on candidate genes related positively or negatively to muscle development and can be a strong supplement to classical selection strategies in farm animals. This comprehensive review covers important (candidate) genes that regulate muscle development and growth in farm animals (cattle, sheep, chicken, and pig). The identification of these genes is an important step toward the goal of increasing meat yields and improves meat quality.

Plectin regulates Wnt signaling mediated-skeletal muscle development by interacting with Dishevelled-2 and antagonizing autophagy

Gene ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 783 ◽  
pp. 145562
Author(s):  
Huadong Yin ◽  
Shunshun Han ◽  
Can Cui ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Diyan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Wnt Signaling ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Development

scholarly journals Depletion of the p43 mitochondrial T3 receptor in mice affects skeletal muscle development and activity

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 748-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence Pessemesse ◽  
Audrey Schlernitzauer ◽  
Chamroeun Sar ◽  
Jonathan Levin ◽  
Stéphanie Grandemange ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Development
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