Maternal serum levels of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and their complex MMP-9/NGAL in pregnancies with preeclampsia and those with a small for gestational age neonate: a longitudinal study

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 726-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grigorios Karampas ◽  
Makarios Eleftheriades ◽  
Konstantinos Panoulis ◽  
Myrto Rizou ◽  
Alexander Haliassos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase ◽  
Metalloproteinase 9

scholarly journals Serum concentrations of atherogenic proteins neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and its complex with matrix metalloproteinase-9 are significantly lower in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: hint of a protective mechanism?

2008 ◽  
Vol 158 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evanthia Diamanti-Kandarakis ◽  
Sarantis Livadas ◽  
Stylianos A Kandarakis ◽  
Alexandra Margeli ◽  
Ioannis Papassotiriou
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ◽  
Protective Mechanism ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin ◽  
Plaque Erosion ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase ◽  
Metalloproteinase 9

BackgroundNeutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) have been considered as important mediators of vascular remodeling and plaque instability. The formation of a complex with NGAL and MMP-9 is crucial for atherotic plaque erosion and thrombus formation. In women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the incidence of cardiovascular clinical events is not increased, despite the fact that they display a wide spectrum of risk factors. Since the instability of atherosclerotic plaque is a key factor in the clinical manifestations of cardiovascular disease, molecules challenging the plaque stability should be investigated.AimTo determine serum levels of NGAL and MMP-9/NGAL complex in women with PCOS.Subjects and methodsPCOS subjects (40) were compared with those (40) matched for age and body mass index (BMI) controls. In each subject, fasting levels of glucose, insulin, gonadotropins, estradiol, androgens, C-reactive protein, NGAL, and MMP-9/NGAL were determined.ResultsNGAL and MMP-9/NGAL complex levels were significantly lower in the PCOS group compared with controls (30.4±24.3 vs 70.7±37.9 μg/l, P<0.0001) and (31.5±26.6 vs 115.1±66.9 μg/l, P<0.0001) respectively. When patients and controls were stratified according to BMI, it was shown that NGAL and MMP-9/NGAL levels were significantly lower in lean (P<0.0002 and P<0.0001 respectively) and overweight (P<0.0004 and P<0.002 respectively) PCOS subjects compared with controls.ConclusionsThese findings indicate that NGAL and MMP-9/NGAL complex, two molecules that activate atherotic plaque erosion, is in lower concentrations in PCOS subjects. The role of NGAL and MMP-9/NGAL complex needs to be further investigated, since suppression of these atheromatous molecules might have a protective role in women with PCOS.

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