Factors of values in the Dutch Language and their relationship to factors of personality

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boele De Raad ◽  
Jan Pieter Van Oudenhoven
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Value System ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
Guiding Principle ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Dutch Language ◽  
The One

Following the psycholexical approach, several thousands of potential value descriptors were selected from the Dutch lexicon. This set was subsequently reduced according to criteria of relevance to a list of 641 values. The value list was administered to 634 participants (self‐ and other‐raters), who had to indicate the extent to which each value was a guiding principle in the life of the target. Principal component analyses were performed yielding eight factors of values. In addition, ratings were collected on markers of three other systems of values, including the one described by Schwartz (1992). Finally, A Big Five questionnaire, the FFPI, was administered. Correlation and regression analyses were performed to describe the relations between the different value systems, and between the Dutch value system and the Big Five factors. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

A psycholexical Study of Virtues in the Dutch Language, and Relations between Virtues and Personality

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boele De Raad ◽  
Jan Pieter Van Oudenhoven
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
The Other ◽  
Personality Measures ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Principal Component Analyses ◽  
Dutch Language ◽  
Big Five Factors

Following the psycholexical approach, a list of 153 virtue descriptors was selected from a previously constructed list of trait–terms, under the assumption that virtues form a subset of traits. The virtue list was administered to 400 participants (self– and other–raters), who had to indicate the extent to which each term applied to them or to the others. Principal Component Analyses were performed yielding six factors of virtues. In addition, Big Five factors and markers of an external set of virtues were constructed. Correlation and regression analyses were performed to describe the relations between virtues, the Dutch Big Five system and other virtue systems. Compared to the other virtue systems, the present study revealed some additional domains. The overlap found with personality measures corresponds to earlier findings supporting the assumption that virtues are important traits. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Using Principal Component Scores to Enhance the Validity and Reliability of Big Five Personality Measures

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-93
Author(s):  
Jeffrey M. Cucina ◽  
Nicholas L. Vasilopoulos ◽  
Arwen H. DeCostanza
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Scoring Method ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Big Five Factors ◽  
Component Scores

Abstract. Varimax rotated principal component scores (VRPCS) have previously been offered as a possible solution to the non-orthogonality of scores for the Big Five factors. However, few researchers have examined the reliability and validity of VRPCS. To address this gap, we use a lab study and a field study to investigate whether using VRPCS increase orthogonality, reliability, and criterion-related validity. Compared to the traditional unit-weighting scoring method, the use of VRPCS enhanced the reliability and discriminant validity of the Big Five factors, although there was little improvement in criterion-related validity. Results are discussed in terms of the benefit of using VRPCS instead of traditional unit-weighted sum scores.

The structure of situations from a personality perspective

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maaike A. ten Berge ◽  
Boele De Raad
Keyword(s):  
Principal Components Analysis ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Interpersonal Conflict ◽  
Present Situation ◽  
Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Social Demand ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Components Analysis

A taxonomy of situations was constructed that categorizes situations by means of ratings of one's ability to deal with those situations. A principal components analysis of self‐ and other‐ratings yielded four components of situations: I, situations of pleasure; II, situations of individual adversity; III, situations of interpersonal conflict; and IV, situations of social demand. Ratings of being able to deal with a situation were related to ratings on a personality questionnaire. This resulted in a very clear set of situations for each of the Big Five factors of personality. The Big Five differed in kind and in number of situations for which they were able to distinguish the well handling from the less well handling persons. Especially, it turned out that the so‐called temperament‐factors, Extraversion, Emotional Stability, and also Autonomy, give rise to more situational differentiation than the so‐called character‐factors, Agreeableness and Conscientiousness. Comparing the present situation structure to that obtained in an earlier study, we found that using the same set of situations does not guarantee obtaining the same set of situation components. Different methods of classification yield differences in the resulting classifications. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The replicability of the Big Five personality dimensions in three word‐classes of the Dutch language

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boele De Raad
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
The Self ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Personality Dimensions ◽  
Big Five Model ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Word Classes ◽  
Dutch Language

Of the main classes of personality‐descriptive words, verbs, adjectives, and nouns, the class of adjectives has figured as the constant and almost exclusive resource for taxonomic enterprises. In the Dutch language, Brokken (1978) was the first to structure the personality‐descriptive adjectives on a large‐scale basis. The aim of that particular study was not to test the existence of the Big Five in the Dutch language. Of the six Brokken factors, only two or three showed a clear correspondence to the Big Five. Recently, De Raad, Mulder, Kloosterman and Hofstee (1988) and De Raad and Hoskens (1990) taxonomized the personality‐descriptive verbs and the personality‐descriptive nouns. In the present study, the self‐ratings on adjectives (N = 200), nouns (N = 200), and verbs (N = 200) from the latter two studies are used to test the Big Five model in the three classes of personality terms. The model fits well with the adjective domain, although the result deviates from the English structure in order of factors and in emphasis of interpretation. To a certain extent, the model can be said to capture the noun domain as well. Four of the Big Five factors can be identified more or less easily, and the fifth may be discernible as well. The verb structure, however, is quite different in that it shows only two dimensions which seem to be more comprising in meaning than both the adjective factors and the noun factors.

scholarly journals Big Five personality development in adolescence and adulthood

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan J. T. Branje ◽  
Cornelis F. M. van Lieshout ◽  
Jan R. M. Gerris
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Emotional Stability ◽  
Personality Change ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Interindividual Differences ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
Level Change ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
The Life Course

The present article examines Big Five personality development across adolescence and middle adulthood. Two adolescents and their fathers and mothers from 285 Dutch families rated their own and their family members' personality. Using accelerated longitudinal growth curve analyses, mean level change in Big Five factors was estimated. For boys, Extraversion and Openness decreased and for girls, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, and Openness increased. Whereas mothers' Emotional Stability and Conscientiousness increased, fathers' Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Emotional Stability decreased. Differences in self‐ and other‐reported personality change were found, as well as interindividual differences in personality change. Results confirm that personality change is possible across the life course but these changes are not similar for all individuals and depend on the type of observer. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Exploring the Multidimensional Facets of Authoritarianism: Authoritarian Aggression and Social Dominance Orientation

2008 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Passini
Keyword(s):  
Social Dominance ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
The One ◽  
Better Than

The relation between authoritarianism and social dominance orientation was analyzed, with authoritarianism measured using a three-dimensional scale. The implicit multidimensional structure (authoritarian submission, conventionalism, authoritarian aggression) of Altemeyer’s (1981, 1988) conceptualization of authoritarianism is inconsistent with its one-dimensional methodological operationalization. The dimensionality of authoritarianism was investigated using confirmatory factor analysis in a sample of 713 university students. As hypothesized, the three-factor model fit the data significantly better than the one-factor model. Regression analyses revealed that only authoritarian aggression was related to social dominance orientation. That is, only intolerance of deviance was related to high social dominance, whereas submissiveness was not.

Spearman's Law of Diminishing Returns

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 199-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Hartmann
Keyword(s):  
Principal Axis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Longitudinal Survey ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Diminishing Returns ◽  
The One ◽  
Armed Services ◽  
Principal Axis Factor

Spearman's Law of Diminishing Returns (SLODR) with regard to age was tested in two different databases from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. The first database consisted of 6,980 boys and girls aged 12–16 from the 1997 cohort ( NLSY 1997 ). The subjects were tested with a computer-administered adaptive format (CAT) of the Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB) consisting of 12 subtests. The second database consisted of 11,448 male and female subjects aged 15–24 from the 1979 cohort ( NLSY 1979 ). These subjects were tested with the older 10-subtest version of the ASVAB. The hypothesis was tested by dividing the sample into Young and Old age groups while keeping IQ fairly constant by a method similar to the one developed and employed by Deary et al. (1996) . The different age groups were subsequently factor-analyzed separately. The eigenvalue of the first principal component (PC1) and the first principal axis factor (PAF1), and the average intercorrelation of the subtests were used as estimates of the g saturation and compared across groups. There were no significant differences in the g saturation across age groups for any of the two samples, thereby pointing to no support for this aspect of Spearman's “Law of Diminishing Returns.”

Statistical Analsysis to Evaluate Heavy Metal Pollution in the Air Obatained by Moss Technique in Hanoi and its Surrounding Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3SI) ◽  
pp. 411
Author(s):  
N. H. Quyet ◽  
Le Hong Khiem ◽  
V. D. Quan ◽  
T. T. T. My ◽  
M. V. Frontasieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Heavy Metal Elements ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Potential Pollution

The aim of this paper was the application of statistical analysis including principal component analysis to evaluate heavy metal pollution obtained by moss technique in the air of Ha Noi and its surrounding areas and to evaluate potential pollution sources. The concentrations of 33 heavy metal elements in 27 samples of Barbula Indica moss in the investigated region collected in December of 2016 in the investigated area have been examined using multivariate statistical analysis. Five factors explaining 80% of the total variance were identified and their potential sources have been discussed.

Preface to the special issue, CMAM 2011, no. 3.

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 272
Author(s):  
Ivan Gavrilyuk ◽  
Boris Khoromskij ◽  
Eugene Tyrtyshnikov
Keyword(s):  
Separation Of Variables ◽  
Numerical Algorithms ◽  
Multilevel Methods ◽  
High Dimensional ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
High Dimensions ◽  
Guiding Principle ◽  
Tensor Methods ◽  
Closed World ◽  
The One

Abstract In the recent years, multidimensional numerical simulations with tensor-structured data formats have been recognized as the basic concept for breaking the "curse of dimensionality". Modern applications of tensor methods include the challenging high-dimensional problems of material sciences, bio-science, stochastic modeling, signal processing, machine learning, and data mining, financial mathematics, etc. The guiding principle of the tensor methods is an approximation of multivariate functions and operators with some separation of variables to keep the computational process in a low parametric tensor-structured manifold. Tensors structures had been wildly used as models of data and discussed in the contexts of differential geometry, mechanics, algebraic geometry, data analysis etc. before tensor methods recently have penetrated into numerical computations. On the one hand, the existing tensor representation formats remained to be of a limited use in many high-dimensional problems because of lack of sufficiently reliable and fast software. On the other hand, for moderate dimensional problems (e.g. in "ab-initio" quantum chemistry) as well as for selected model problems of very high dimensions, the application of traditional canonical and Tucker formats in combination with the ideas of multilevel methods has led to the new efficient algorithms. The recent progress in tensor numerical methods is achieved with new representation formats now known as "tensor-train representations" and "hierarchical Tucker representations". Note that the formats themselves could have been picked up earlier in the literature on the modeling of quantum systems. Until 2009 they lived in a closed world of those quantum theory publications and never trespassed the territory of numerical analysis. The tremendous progress during the very recent years shows the new tensor tools in various applications and in the development of these tools and study of their approximation and algebraic properties. This special issue treats tensors as a base for efficient numerical algorithms in various modern applications and with special emphases on the new representation formats.

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