scholarly journals A Qualitative Study of Smoking‐Related Causal Attributions and Risk Perceptions in Cervical Cancer Survivors

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 500-506
Author(s):  
Gabriella E. Puleo ◽  
Tia N. Borger ◽  
Devin Montgomery ◽  
Jessica N. Rivera Rivera ◽  
Jessica L. Burris
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Causal Attributions

scholarly journals The role of knowledge, risk perceptions, and cues to action among Iranian women concerning cervical cancer and screening: A qualitative exploration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahim Taghizadeh Asl ◽  
Liesbeth Van Osch ◽  
Nanne De Vries ◽  
Kazem Zendehdel ◽  
Mohsen Shams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Cultural Barriers ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Hereditary Factors ◽  
Cues To Action

Abstract Background Iran has a low incidence but higher rate of death from cervical cancer (CC). The country is in the process of implementing an organized screening program including HPV testing and cytology. Studies show high dropout in continued testing among eligible women. This qualitative study aimed to explore women’s awareness regarding CC and CC testing and the role of knowledge, perceived risk, and cues to action in this process.MethodThrough a qualitative study based on the Framework Method, we recruited 81 women aged 25-65 who participated in 15 focus group discussions (FGDs) and two in-depth interviews in Tehran. The interviewees were selected purposefully during January to May 2015 from households belonging to different socioeconomic classes until data saturation. The data were acquired through 11 open-ended questions and 32 related probe questions. All interviews were transcribed and independently analyzed by two researchers (Kappa and agreement testing respectively: 0.77, 97.11%).ResultsThe coded texts were categorized under three themes and 13 subthemes. The three thematic areas referred to knowledge, cues to action, and perceived risks regarding CC and screening. The results showed that women had limited and unspecified knowledge about CC and screening, compounded by misconceptions regarding infection and cancer prevention measures. Social and cultural barriers hindered proper communication between health system/providers and clients and within communities on subjects related to CC and screening. The perceived risk of getting CC was low because of overestimating the role of hereditary factors for CC, difficulty in differentiating between cancer and sexually transmitted infections (STI), and the absence of visible symptoms.ConclusionThe results indicate a strong need to invest more efforts to improve health education and communication in the current national health program to promote awareness of the need to screen for CC through, for example, establishing correct knowledge and risk perceptions among women. In addition, this intervention should address women’s social environment in order to prevent misconceptions being communicated to women.

scholarly journals The role of knowledge, risk perceptions and cues to action among Iranian women concerning cervical cancer and screening: A qualitative exploration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahim Taghizadeh Asl ◽  
Liesbeth Van Osch ◽  
Nanne De Vries ◽  
Kazem Zendehdel ◽  
Mohsen Shams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Cultural Barriers ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Cues To Action

Abstract Background: Iran has a low incidence of, but a higher rate of death from, cervical cancer (CC). The country is in the process of implementing an organized screening program including HPV testing and cytology. Studies show high drop-out in continued testing among eligible women. This qualitative study aimed to explore women’s awareness regarding CC and CC testing, and the role of knowledge, perceived risk, and cues to action in this process. Methods: In a qualitative study based on the Framework Method we recruited 81 women aged between 25-65 years, who participated in 15 focus group discussions (FGDs) and two in-depth interviews in Tehran, the capital of Iran. Interviewees were selected purposefully from households in different socioeconomic classes until data saturation, during January to May 2015. Data were acquired through 11 open-ended questions and 32 related probe questions. All interviews were transcribed and independently analyzed by two researchers (Kappa and agreement testing respectively: 0.77, 97.11%).Results: Coded texts were categorized under three themes and 13 subthemes. The three thematic areas referred to knowledge, cues to action and perceived risks regarding cervical cancer and screening. Results showed that women had limited and unspecified knowledge about cervical cancer and screening, compounded by misconceptions regarding infection and cancer prevention measures. Social and cultural barriers hindered proper communication between health system/providers and clients, and within communities on subjects related to cervical cancer and screening. Perceived risk of getting CC was low because of overestimating the role of hereditary factors for CC, difficulty in differentiating between cancer and sexually transmitted infections, and the absence of visible symptoms.Conclusions: The results indicate a strong need to invest more efforts to improve health education and communication in the current national health program to promote awareness of the need to screen for CC, through, for example, establishing correct knowledge and risk perceptions among women. In addition, this intervention should address women’s social environment in order to prevent misconceptions being communicated to women.

scholarly journals The role of knowledge, risk perceptions, and cues to action among Iranian women concerning cervical cancer and screening: a qualitative exploration

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahim Taghizadeh Asl ◽  
Liesbeth Van Osch ◽  
Nanne De Vries ◽  
Kazem Zendehdel ◽  
Mohsen Shams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Cultural Barriers ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Hereditary Factors ◽  
Cues To Action

Abstract Background Iran has a low incidence but higher rate of death from cervical cancer (CC). The country is in the process of implementing an organized screening program including HPV testing and cytology. Studies show high dropout in continued testing among eligible women. This qualitative study aimed to explore women’s awareness regarding CC and CC testing and the role of knowledge, perceived risk, and cues to action in this process. Method Through a qualitative study based on the Framework Method, we recruited 81 women aged 25–65 who participated in 15 focus group discussions (FGDs) and two in-depth interviews in Tehran. The interviewees were selected purposefully during January to May 2015 from households belonging to different socioeconomic classes until data saturation. The data were acquired through 11 open-ended questions and 32 related probe questions. All interviews were transcribed and independently analyzed by two researchers (Kappa and agreement testing respectively: 0.77, 97.11%). Results The coded texts were categorized under three themes and 13 subthemes. The three thematic areas referred to knowledge, cues to action, and perceived risks regarding CC and screening. The results showed that women had limited and unspecified knowledge about CC and screening, compounded by misconceptions regarding infection and cancer prevention measures. Social and cultural barriers hindered proper communication between health system/providers and clients and within communities on subjects related to CC and screening. The perceived risk of getting CC was low because of overestimating the role of hereditary factors for CC, difficulty in differentiating between cancer and sexually transmitted infections (STI), and the absence of visible symptoms. Conclusion The results indicate a strong need to invest more efforts to improve health education and communication in the current national health program to promote awareness of the need to screen for CC through, for example, establishing correct knowledge and risk perceptions among women. In addition, this intervention should address women’s social environment in order to prevent misconceptions being communicated to women.

scholarly journals The role of knowledge, risk perceptions and cues to action among Iranian women concerning cervical cancer and screening: A qualitative exploration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahim Taghizadeh Asl ◽  
Liesbeth Van Osch ◽  
Nanne De Vries ◽  
Kazem Zendehdel ◽  
Mohsen Shams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Cultural Barriers ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Cues To Action

Abstract Background Iran has a low incidence of, but a higher rate of death from, cervical cancer (CC). The country is in the process of implementing an organized screening program including HPV testing and cytology. Studies show high drop-out in continued testing among eligible women. This qualitative study aimed to explore women’s awareness regarding CC and CC testing, and the role of knowledge, perceived risk, and cues to action in this process.Methods In a qualitative study based on the Framework Method we recruited 81 women aged between 25-65 years, who participated in 15 focus group discussions (FGDs) and two in-depth interviews in Tehran, the capital of Iran. Interviewees were selected purposefully from households in different socioeconomic classes until data saturation, during January to May 2015. Data were acquired through 11 open-ended questions and 32 related probe questions. All interviews were transcribed and independently analyzed by two researchers (Kappa and agreement testing respectively: 0.77, 97.11%).Results Coded texts were categorized under three themes and 13 subthemes. The three thematic areas referred to knowledge, cues to action and perceived risks regarding cervical cancer and screening. Results showed that women had limited and unspecified knowledge about cervical cancer and screening, compounded by misconceptions regarding infection and cancer prevention measures. Social and cultural barriers hindered proper communication between health system/providers and clients, and within communities on subjects related to cervical cancer and screening. Perceived risk of getting CC was low because of overestimating the role of hereditary factors for CC, difficulty in differentiating between cancer and sexually transmitted infections, and the absence of visible symptoms.Conclusions The results indicate a strong need to invest more efforts to improve health education and communication in the current national health program to promote awareness of the need to screen for CC, through, for example, establishing correct knowledge and risk perceptions among women. In addition, this intervention should address women’s social environment in order to prevent misconceptions being communicated to women.

scholarly journals The role of knowledge, risk perceptions, and cues to action among Iranian women concerning cervical cancer and screening: A qualitative exploration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahim Taghizadeh Asl ◽  
Liesbeth Van Osch ◽  
Nanne De Vries ◽  
Kazem Zendehdel ◽  
Mohsen Shams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Cultural Barriers ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Hereditary Factors ◽  
Cues To Action

Abstract Background Iran has a low incidence but higher rate of death from cervical cancer (CC). The country is in the process of implementing an organized screening program including HPV testing and cytology. Studies show high dropout in continued testing among eligible women. This qualitative study aimed to explore women’s awareness regarding CC and CC testing and the role of knowledge, perceived risk, and cues to action in this process.MethodThrough a qualitative study based on the Framework Method, we recruited 81 women aged 25-65 who participated in 15 focus group discussions (FGDs) and two in-depth interviews in Tehran. The interviewees were selected purposefully during January to May 2015 from households belonging to different socioeconomic classes until data saturation. The data were acquired through 11 open-ended questions and 32 related probe questions. All interviews were transcribed and independently analyzed by two researchers (Kappa and agreement testing respectively: 0.77, 97.11%).ResultsThe coded texts were categorized under three themes and 13 subthemes. The three thematic areas referred to knowledge, cues to action, and perceived risks regarding CC and screening. The results showed that women had limited and unspecified knowledge about CC and screening, compounded by misconceptions regarding infection and cancer prevention measures. Social and cultural barriers hindered proper communication between health system/providers and clients and within communities on subjects related to CC and screening. The perceived risk of getting CC was low because of overestimating the role of hereditary factors for CC, difficulty in differentiating between cancer and sexually transmitted infections (STI), and the absence of visible symptoms.ConclusionThe results indicate a strong need to invest more efforts to improve health education and communication in the current national health program to promote awareness of the need to screen for CC through, for example, establishing correct knowledge and risk perceptions among women. In addition, this intervention should address women’s social environment in order to prevent misconceptions being communicated to women.

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