Internalized stigma among cancer patients enrolled in a smoking cessation trial: The role of cancer type and associations with psychological distress

Comprehensive studies on cancer patients with different smoking histories, including non-smokers, former smokers, and current smokers, remain elusive. Therefore, we conducted a multi-omics analysis to explore the effect of smoking history on cancer patients. Patients with smoking history were screened from The Cancer Genome Atlas database, and their multi-omics data and clinical information were downloaded. A total of 2,317 patients were included in this study, whereby current smokers presented the worst prognosis, followed by former smokers, while non-smokers showed the best prognosis. More importantly, smoking history was an independent prognosis factor. Patients with different smoking histories exhibited different immune content, and former smokers had the highest immune cells and tumor immune microenvironment. Smokers are under a higher incidence of genomic instability that can be reversed following smoking cessation in some changes. We also noted that smoking reduced the sensitivity of patients to chemotherapeutic drugs, whereas smoking cessation can reverse the situation. Competing endogenous RNA network revealed that mir-193b-3p, mir-301b, mir-205-5p, mir-132-3p, mir-212-3p, mir-1271-5p, and mir-137 may contribute significantly in tobacco-mediated tumor formation. We identified 11 methylation driver genes (including EIF5A2, GBP6, HGD, HS6ST1, ITGA5, NR2F2, PLS1, PPP1R18, PTHLH, SLC6A15, and YEATS2), and methylation modifications of some of these genes have not been reported to be associated with tumors. We constructed a 46-gene model that predicted overall survival with good predictive power. We next drew nomograms of each cancer type. Interestingly, calibration diagrams and concordance indexes are verified that the nomograms were highly accurate for the prognosis of patients. Meanwhile, we found that the 46-gene model has good applicability to the overall survival as well as to disease-specific survival and progression-free intervals. The results of this research provide new and valuable insights for the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of cancer patients with different smoking histories.

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Role of Mindfulness‐Based Cognitive Therapy in Alleviating Psychological Distress among Cancer Patients

International Journal of Indian Psychology ◽

10.25215/0201.035 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Fatemeh Abdollahi ◽

Prof. Mahmood S. Khan

Keyword(s):

Psychological Distress ◽

Cognitive Therapy ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Psychological Problem ◽

Complex Problem ◽

Research Literature ◽

Behavioral Approach ◽

World Health ◽

Health Organization

The purpose of this research was to examine the research literature on role of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in alleviating psychological distress among cancer patients. World Health Organization and medical experts have expressed alarm about constantly the growing problem of cancer patients in the world. The researcher emphasize that the diagnosis of cancer not only has obvious physical ramifications for the patient, but also the trauma of a diagnosis produces psychological problem such as somewhat hardly manageable distress as well, and in the face of psychological stressors that negatively impact the patient’s overall quality of life. The present study examined the results of various studies, for identifying the potential efficacy of MBCT as it could be applied to patients with cancer which presents psychological distress. Research on Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy has supported the safety and effectiveness of this approach might be used with distress associated problems among cancer patients also other studies obtained results signified the effectiveness of this therapy while dealing with cancer patients showed significant impact in alleviating different type of problems associated with this disease. It suggests need for a comprehensive solution that combines medical, psychological, social and behavioral approach to this complex problem in initiating the distress of cancer patients.

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