Lung function values from a longitudinal study of healthy children and adolescents

Abstract Background Obesity in children and adolescents is associated with increased morbidity and mortality due to multisystemic impairment, including deleterious changes in lung function, which are poorly understood. Objectives To perform a systematic review to assess lung function in children and adolescents affected by obesity and to verify the presence of pulmonary changes due to obesity in individuals without previous or current respiratory diseases. Methods A systematic search was performed in the MEDLINE-PubMed (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online), Embase (Excerpta Medica Database) and VHL (Virtual Health Library/Brazil) databases using the terms “Lung Function” and “Pediatric Obesity” and their corresponding synonyms in each database. A period of 10 years was considered, starting in February/2008. After the application of the filters, 33 articles were selected. Using the PICOS strategy, the following information was achieved: (Patient) children and adolescents; (Intervention/exposure) obesity; (Control) healthy children and adolescents; (Outcome) pulmonary function alterations; (Studies) randomized controlled trial, longitudinal studies (prospective and retrospective studies), cross-over studies and cross-sectional studies. Results Articles from 18 countries were included. Spirometry was the most widely used tool to assess lung function. There was high variability in lung function values, with a trend towards reduced lung function markers (FEV1/FVC, FRC, ERV and RV) in obese children and adolescents. Conclusion Lung function, measured by several tools, shows numerous markers with contradictory alterations. Differences concerning the reported results of lung function do not allow us to reach a consensus on lung function changes in children and adolescents with obesity, highlighting the need for more publications on this topic with a standardized methodology.

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The Level of Physical Activity, Lung Function and Exercise Capacity of Children and Adolescents With Cystic Fibrosis Compared to Healthy Controls

10.21203/rs.3.rs-20362/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Marjane Cardoso ◽

Caroline Jacoby Schmidt ◽

Gabriela Motter ◽

Gabrielle Costa Borba ◽

Tatiana Helena Rech ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Cystic Fibrosis ◽

Lung Function ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Functional Capacity ◽

Control Group ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract Background : people with Cystic Fibrosis (CF) have progressive limitation to physical exercise and reduced daily living activities. Regular physical activity (PA) and exercise contribute to the quality of live of people with CF. The objective of this study was to evaluate level of PA , lung function and functional capacity in children and adolescents diagnosed with CF and compare them with those of healthy children and adolescents. Methodology: the study had a cross-sectional design with a control group. Patients with CF were followed at the Children’s Pneumology Outpatient Clinic, and were matched for age and sex with healthy controls from a local public school. The evaluations included daily step count, the shuttle walk test and spirometry. Results: 70 children and adolescents were evaluated, 35 diagnosed with CF and 35 healthy controls. The overall mean age was 11.6±2.9 years. There was no significant difference in level of PA between the patient and control groups. Gender analysis revealed no significant difference in level of PA between the groups or within the CF group. The CF group values were significantly lower than the control group for BMI (p=0.04), percentage of predicted FEV 1 and FEV 1 Z-score (p=0.02 and p=0.010). Conclusion: In this sample, children and adolescents with CF had the same level of PA as their healthy peers. Boys and girls with CF had similar level of PA when stratified by sex, as well as when compared to healthy peers of the same gender. Differences were observed between BMI, FEV 1 and some functional capacity test variables between the groups.

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Lung function variability in children and adolescents (LUV study): protocol for a prospective interventional trial in healthy individuals and patients with asthma

10.21203/rs.3.rs-16793/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Eirini Sofia Frima ◽

Ilias Theodorakopoulos ◽

Dimos Gidaris ◽

Nikolaos Karantaglis ◽

Grigorios Chatziparasidis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Function ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Daily Fluctuation ◽

Asthmatic Children ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

Central Database ◽

Detrended Fluctuation

Abstract Background Variability analysis of peak expiratory flow (PEF) and forced expiratory volume at 1 s (FEV1) has been used in research to predict exacerbations in adult individuals with asthma. However, there is a paucity of data regarding PEF and FEV 1 variability in healthy or asthmatic children and adolescents. The objective of the present study is the assessment of PEF and FEV 1 variability in: a) healthy children and adolescents, to define the normal daily fluctuation of PEF and FEV 1 and the parameters that may influence it, and b) children and adolescents with asthma, to explore the differences from healthy subjects and reveal any specific variability changes prior to exacerbation.Methods The study will include 100 healthy children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years (assessment of normal PEF and FEV 1 variability) and 100 children and adolescents of the same age with diagnosed asthma (assessment of PEF and FEV 1 variability in asthmatics). PEF and FEV1 measurements will be performed using an ultra-portable spirometer (MIR Spirobank Smart) capable to smartphone connection. Measurements will be performed twice a day between 07:00-09:00 and 19:00-21:00 hours and will be dispatched via email to a central database for a period of 3 months. PEF and FEV1 variability will be assessed by detrended fluctuation and sample entropy analysis, aiming to define the normal pattern (healthy controls) and to detect and quantify any deviations (asthmatics). The anticipated duration of the study is 24 months.Discussion Healthy children and adolescents may present normal short- and long-term fluctuations in lung function; the pattern of this variability may be influenced by age, sex and environmental conditions. Significant lung function variability may also be present in children and adolescents with asthma, but the patterns may differ from those observed in healthy children and adolescents. Such data would improve our understanding regarding the chronobiology of asthma and permit the development of integrated tools for assessing the level of control and risk of future exacerbations.Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04163146. Registered on 14 November 2019

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Longitudinal Study of Lung Function, Exhaled Nitric Oxide and Level of Asthma Control in Children and Adolescents

International Archives of Nursing and Health Care ◽

10.23937/2469-5823/1510117 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Andrade Uarlhinson Oliveira ◽

Magalhães Giselle Santos ◽

Jentzsch Nulma Souto ◽

Rodrigues-Machado Maria Glória

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Lung Function ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Asthma Control ◽

Exhaled Nitric Oxide

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Lung function in severe pediatric asthma: a longitudinal study in children and adolescents in Brazil

Clinical and Translational Allergy ◽

10.1186/s13601-017-0183-6 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mônica Versiani Nunes Pinheiro de Queiroz ◽

Cristina Gonçalves Alvim ◽

Álvaro A. Cruz ◽

Laura Maria de Lima Belizário Facury Lasmar

Keyword(s):

Longitudinal Study ◽

Lung Function ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Pediatric Asthma

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Tracking of lung function in healthy children and adolescents

Pediatric Pulmonology ◽

10.1002/ppul.1950080308 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 172-177 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Marienne E. Hibbert ◽

Irene L. Hudson ◽

Anna Lanigan ◽

Louis I. Landau ◽

Peter D. Phelan

Keyword(s):

Lung Function ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Healthy Children

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Lung Function Variability in Children and Adolescents With and Without Asthma (LUV Study): Protocol for a Prospective, Nonrandomized, Clinical Trial (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.20350 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Eirini-Sofia Frima ◽

Ilias Theodorakopoulos ◽

Dimos Gidaris ◽

Nikolaos Karantaglis ◽

Grigorios Chatziparasidis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Function ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

University Hospital ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Daily Fluctuation ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

The University ◽

Detrended Fluctuation

BACKGROUND Variability analysis of peak expiratory flow (PEF) and forced expiratory volume at 1 second (FEV1) has been used in research to predict exacerbations in adults with asthma. However, there is a paucity of data regarding PEF and FEV1 variability in healthy children and adolescents and those with asthma. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is the assessment of PEF and FEV1 variability in (1) healthy children and adolescents, to define the normal daily fluctuation of PEF and FEV1 and the parameters that may influence it, and (2) children and adolescents with asthma, to explore the differences from healthy subjects and reveal any specific variability changes prior to exacerbation. METHODS The study will include 100 healthy children and adolescents aged 6-18 years (assessment of normal PEF and FEV1 variability) and 100 children and adolescents of the same age with diagnosed asthma (assessment of PEF and FEV1 variability in subjects with asthma). PEF and FEV1 measurements will be performed using an ultraportable spirometer (Spirobank Smart; MIR Medical International Research) capable of smartphone connection. Measurements will be performed twice a day between 7 AM and 9 AM and between 7 PM and 9 PM and will be dispatched via email to a central database for a period of 3 months. PEF and FEV1 variability will be assessed by detrended fluctuation and sample entropy analysis, aiming to define the normal pattern (healthy controls) and to detect and quantify any deviations among individuals with asthma. The anticipated duration of the study is 24 months. RESULTS The study is funded by the “C. Caratheodory” Programme of the University of Patras, Greece (PN 47014/24.9.2018). It was approved by the Ethics Committee (decision 218/19-03-2019) and the Scientific Board (decision 329/02-04-2019) of the University Hospital of Patras, Greece. Patient recruitment started in January 2020, and as of June 2020, 100 healthy children have been enrolled (74 of them have completed the measurements). The anticipated duration of the study is 24 months. The first part of the study (assessment of lung function variability in healthy children and adolescents) will be completed in August 2020, and the results will be available for publication by October 2020. CONCLUSIONS Healthy children and adolescents may present normal short- and long-term fluctuations in lung function; the pattern of this variability may be influenced by age, sex, and environmental conditions. Significant lung function variability may also be present in children and adolescents with asthma, but the patterns may differ from those observed in healthy children and adolescents. Such data would improve our understanding regarding the chronobiology of asthma and permit the development of integrated tools for assessing the level of control and risk of future exacerbations. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04163146; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04163146 INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT DERR1-10.2196/20350

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