Inheritance, fitness costs, incomplete resistance and feeding preferences in a laboratory-selected MON810-resistant strain of the true armywormMythimna unipuncta

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 1631-1639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matías García ◽  
Félix Ortego ◽  
Pedro Hernández-Crespo ◽  
Gema P Farinós ◽  
Pedro Castañera
Keyword(s):  
Resistant Strain ◽  
Feeding Preferences ◽  
Fitness Costs ◽  
Incomplete Resistance

Fitness costs of reproductive capacity and ovarian development in aBt-resistant strain of the cotton bollwormHelicoverpa armigera(Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 870-877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanna Zhang ◽  
Long Ma ◽  
Feng Zhong ◽  
Yanan Wang ◽  
Yuyuan Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistant Strain ◽  
Ovarian Development ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Fitness Costs ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Cadherin-Based Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis Cotton in Hybrid Strains of Pink Bollworm: Fitness Costs and Incomplete Resistance

2006 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 1925-1935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Carrière ◽  
Christa Ellers-Kirk ◽  
Robert W. Biggs ◽  
Megan E. Nyboer ◽  
Gopalan C. Unnithan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Pink Bollworm ◽  
Fitness Costs ◽  
Incomplete Resistance

Cadherin-Based Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis Cotton in Hybrid Strains of Pink Bollworm: Fitness Costs and Incomplete Resistance

2006 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 1925-1935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Carrière ◽  
Christa Ellers-Kirk ◽  
Robert W. Biggs ◽  
Megan E. Nyboer ◽  
Gopalan C. Unnithan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Pink Bollworm ◽  
Fitness Costs ◽  
Incomplete Resistance

Investigating the feeding preferences of adult Leuctra inermis, for the pollen of typical riparian tree species

2020 ◽  
Vol 120B (3) ◽  
pp. 203
Author(s):  
Mc Conigley ◽  
Lally ◽  
Kelly-Quinn
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Feeding Preferences ◽  
Riparian Tree

Bagworm Survival and Feeding Preferences as Indicators of Resistance among Maples

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-142
Author(s):  
William E. Klingeman
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Feeding Preferences ◽  
Survival And Development ◽  
Early Instar ◽  
Moderate Resistance ◽  
Hybrid Cross ◽  
Plant Susceptibility

Abstract The bagworm (Thyridopteryx ephemeraeformis (Haworth)) is a polyphagous, native pest of numerous deciduous and evergreen ornamental plants. Bagworm larvae were used to investigate host plant susceptibility among ten species and cultivars of maples that are economically important and commonly encountered in landscapes in the eastern United States. Data analyses from 48-hour choice assays, conducted in the laboratory during 2000 and 2001, indicated that differences existed among maples for bagworm feeding preferences and host plant susceptibility. Results from the 48-hour trials were not as accurate as seasonal no-choice assays, however. No-choice assays during both seasons quantified resistance among maples that limited larval bagworm survival and development. Measurements of larval feeding injury demonstrated resistance in paperbark maple (Acer griseum (Franch.) Pax) and trident maple (A. buergerianum Miq.) when compared with other maples. Laboratory results were corroborated during 2001 by a no-choice field assay, in which early instar bagworm larvae performed well on the majority of maples. In contrast, paperbark maple and trident maple were resistant to bagworm feeding, while ‘Autumn Blaze’ Freeman maple (A. x freemanii E. Murray), a hybrid cross obtained by breeding A. rubrum with A. saccharinum, showed moderate resistance.

Olfactory responses and feeding preferences of Copitarsia uncilata (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to four aromatic herb specie

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Miguel Mendieta ◽  
Andreas Gaigl ◽  
Juan Carlos Getiva de la Hoz ◽  
Anibal Orlando Herrera
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Feeding Preferences ◽  
Larval Weight ◽  
Olfactory Responses ◽  
Host Selection Behavior ◽  
Selection Behavior ◽  
Larva Feeding ◽  
Plant Choice ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Aromatic Herbs

Colombian aromatic herbs have great potential as an export commodity. The genus Copitarsia is considered as an economic and a quarantine pest attacking them. In herbivore insects, host plant choice is made by adults and influenced by host plant quality. There were performed olfactory and feeding tests by using four-arm olfactometer and offering four different aromatic herbs (basil, mint, rosemary, or thyme) to determine the host selection behavior of Copitarsia uncilata Burgos and Leiva. Parameters, such as adult choice, larval weight, and time spent by larva on particular herb were measured. The preferences of adults and immature of C. uncilata varied significantly among the herbs in olfactory and larva feeding tests. The adults showed significantly higher responses to essential oils of basil and rosemary. Higher weight of larva was recorded on mint and basil. Further studies on larval development and longevity of adults on different herbs are necessary.

The Order in Which Antibiotics are Administered Affects the Fitness Costs of Adherent-Invasive E. coli (AIEC) Strains

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan B Gregg
Keyword(s):  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Sequential Therapy ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Fitness Costs ◽  
Inflammatory Gene Expression ◽  
E Coli

AIEC-LF82 is a strain of bacteria that is surmised to have a role in causing IBD and Crohn’s disease by activating pro-inflammatory gene expression in organisms. Using antibiotics via combination therapy has been a technique used in clinical settings in an attempt to treat the strains, however, the attempts have not been that effective nor efficient in terms of completely halting the growth and colonization of AIEC to treat IBD and Crohn's disease patients. Research has shown that regarding hindering or preventing the colonization bacterial colonies, sequential therapy tends to be more effective and time-efficient than combination therapy, with fewer adverse effects. To test if this is also the case with the AIEC-LF82 strain of bacteria, I first tested AIEC’s response to combination therapy using the Penicillin-Streptomycin, Kanamycin-Chloramphenicol, antimicrobial peptide (AMP), Kanamycin, SPE phase and LB agar plates, all of which were experimental plates other than the LB agar plate that acted as the negative control. I then tested AIEC-LF82’s response to sequential therapy using the LB+ Kan + Spe, LB + AMP + Spe, LB+ Kan/Cam + Spe, LB + P/S + Spe, LB + P/S + Kan and LB + P/S + AMP and one LB agar plate acting as the negative control. The only differences between sets a and b were the order in which antibiotics were administered in the six aforementioned treatment sets. Ultimately, I found that set b of sequential therapy, strong-weak antibiotic treatments, was the most effective treatment but that set a regarding sequential therapy was actually the least effective of all of the treatments. In conclusion, using strong-weak sequential antibiotic therapy treatments appears to be a potentially promising option to treat patients suffering from Crohn's disease and IBD.

scholarly journals Fitness of Herbicide-Resistant Weeds: Current Knowledge and Implications for Management

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vila-Aiub
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Resistance Management ◽  
Fitness Cost ◽  
Plant Fitness ◽  
Resistance Mutations ◽  
Fitness Costs ◽  
Wide Range

Herbicide resistance is the ultimate evidence of the extraordinary capacity of weeds to evolve under stressful conditions. Despite the extraordinary plant fitness advantage endowed by herbicide resistance mutations in agroecosystems under herbicide selection, resistance mutations are predicted to exhibit an adaptation cost (i.e., fitness cost), relative to the susceptible wild-type, in herbicide untreated conditions. Fitness costs associated with herbicide resistance mutations are not universal and their expression depends on the particular mutation, genetic background, dominance of the fitness cost, and environmental conditions. The detrimental effects of herbicide resistance mutations on plant fitness may arise as a direct impact on fitness-related traits and/or coevolution with changes in other life history traits that ultimately may lead to fitness costs under particular ecological conditions. This brings the idea that a “lower adaptive value” of herbicide resistance mutations represents an opportunity for the design of resistance management practices that could minimize the evolution of herbicide resistance. It is evident that the challenge for weed management practices aiming to control, minimize, or even reverse the frequency of resistance mutations in the agricultural landscape is to “create” those agroecological conditions that could expose, exploit, and exacerbate those life history and/or fitness traits affecting the evolution of herbicide resistance mutations. Ideally, resistance management should implement a wide range of cultural practices leading to environmentally mediated fitness costs associated with herbicide resistance mutations.

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