scholarly journals The role of Desmodium intortum , Brachiaria sp. and Phaseolus vulgaris in the management of fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) in maize cropping systems in Africa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laetitia Scheidegger ◽  
Saliou Niassy ◽  
Charles Midega ◽  
Xavier Chiriboga ◽  
Nicolas Delabays ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Fall Armyworm

scholarly journals Bioecology of fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), its management and potential patterns of seasonal spread in Africa

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0249042
Author(s):  
Saliou Niassy ◽  
Mawufe Komi Agbodzavu ◽  
Emily Kimathi ◽  
Berita Mutune ◽  
El Fatih M. Abdel-Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Crop Phenology

Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) has rapidly spread in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and has emerged as a major pest of maize and sorghum in the continent. For effective monitoring and a better understanding of the bioecology and management of this pest, a Community-based Fall Armyworm Monitoring, Forecasting, Early Warning and Management (CBFAMFEW) initiative was implemented in six eastern African countries (Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda and Burundi). Over 650 Community Focal Persons (CFPs) who received training through the project were involved in data collection on adult moths, crop phenology, cropping systems, FAW management practices and other variables. Data collection was performed using Fall Armyworm Monitoring and Early Warning System (FAMEWS), a mobile application developed by the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) of the United Nations. Data collected from the CBFAMFEW initiative in East Africa and other FAW monitoring efforts in Africa were merged and analysed to determine the factors that are related to FAW population dynamics. We used the negative binomial models to test for effect of main crops type, cropping systems and crop phenology on abundance of FAW. We also analysed the effect of rainfall and the spatial and temporal distribution of FAW populations. The study showed variability across the region in terms of the proportion of main crops, cropping systems, diversity of crops used in rotation, and control methods that impact on trap and larval counts. Intercropping and crop rotation had incident rate 2-times and 3-times higher relative to seasonal cropping, respectively. The abundance of FAW adult and larval infestation significantly varied with crop phenology, with infestation being high at the vegetative and reproductive stages of the crop, and low at maturity stage. This study provides an understanding on FAW bioecology, which could be vital in guiding the deployment of FAW-IPM tools in specific locations and at a specific crop developmental stage. The outcomes demonstrate the relevance of community-based crop pest monitoring for awareness creation among smallholder farmers in SSA.

Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) in maize cropping systems in Benin: abundance, damage, predatory ants and potential control

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anicet G. Dassou ◽  
Rodrigue Idohou ◽  
Ginette Y. Azandémè-Hounmalon ◽  
Amadou Sabi-Sabi ◽  
Jacques Houndété ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Potential Control ◽  
Predatory Ants

scholarly journals Effect of Intercropping Beans with Maize and Botanical Extract on Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) Infestation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Clovis Bessong Tanyi ◽  
Raymond Ndip Nkongho ◽  
Justin Nambangia Okolle ◽  
Aaron Suh Tening ◽  
Christopher Ngosong
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
West African ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
The West ◽  
Piper Guineense ◽  
Synthetic Insecticide ◽  
African Black

African farmers are currently grappling with potential control measures for the invasive fall armyworm (FAW) (Spodoptera frugiperda), which has recently emerged as an important economic pest that is ravaging maize fields across the continent. We evaluated the efficacy of the West African black pepper extract and beans intercropping systems as viable FAW control measures and the implication on maize yields. The experiment comprised five treatments (control-no input, dwarf beans intercrop, climbing beans intercrop, West African black pepper extract, and insecticide) with three replications each. FAW severity was assessed at three to seven weeks after planting (WAP), while maize infestation was assessed at seven WAP. FAW severity increased significantly (P<0.05) across WAP for the control and dwarf beans intercrop, with the highest at four and six WAP, respectively. FAW severity also differed (P<0.05) significantly across treatments at four to seven WAP, with the lowest recorded in the extract of West African black pepper (Piper guineense) and the highest in control treatments. Maize infestation ranged from 13 to 93%, with the lowest in the West African black pepper extract and synthetic insecticide, followed by both dwarf and climbing beans intercrops and then the control. The maize yield determined at physiological maturity ranged from 2.2 to 6.3 t ha−1 across treatments and differed significantly, with the highest in the West African black pepper extract and synthetic insecticide, followed by both the dwarf and climbing beans intercrops, as compared to the control. Overall, the West African black pepper extract and beans push cropping systems demonstrated efficacy as viable sustainable alternative control measures for the invasive fall armyworm in maize fields.

scholarly journals Ethylene Signaling Mediates a Maize Defense Response to Insect Herbivory

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine L. Harfouche ◽  
Renuka Shivaji ◽  
Russell Stocker ◽  
Paul W. Williams ◽  
Dawn S. Luthe
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Cysteine Proteinase ◽  
Insect Herbivory ◽  
Signal Transduction Pathway ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Ethylene Synthesis ◽  
Ethylene Signaling ◽  
Resistant Genotype ◽  
Insect Defense

The signaling pathways that enable plants to mount defenses against insect herbivores are known to be complex. It was previously demonstrated that the insect-resistant maize (Zea mays L.) genotype Mp708 accumulates a unique defense cysteine proteinase, Mir1-CP, in response to caterpillar feeding. In this study, the role of ethylene in insect defense in Mp708 and an insect-susceptible line Tx601 was explored. Ethylene synthesis was blocked with either cobalt chloride or aminoethoxyvinylglycine. Alternatively, ethylene perception was inhibited with 1-methylcyclopropene. Blocking ethylene synthesis and perception resulted in Mp708 plants that were more susceptible to caterpillar feeding. In addition, fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) larvae that fed on inhibitor-treated Mp708 plants had signifycantly higher growth rates than those reared on untreated plants. In contrast, these responses were not significantly altered in Tx601. The ethylene synthesis and perception inhibitors also reduced the accumulation of Mir1-CP and its transcript mir1 in response to herbivory. These results indicate that ethylene is a component of the signal transduction pathway leading to defense against insect herbivory in the resistant genotype Mp708.

scholarly journals Insecticide resistance monitoring for the invasive populations of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 783-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan-dan ZHANG ◽  
Yu-tao XIAO ◽  
Peng-jun XU ◽  
Xian-ming YANG ◽  
Qiu-lin WU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Resistance Monitoring

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Push–Pull Systems to Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) Management in Maize Crops in Morelos, Mexico

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 298
Author(s):  
Ouorou Ganni Mariel Guera ◽  
Federico Castrejón-Ayala ◽  
Norma Robledo ◽  
Alfredo Jiménez-Pérez ◽  
Georgina Sánchez-Rivera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Pull Systems ◽  
Complex Scenario ◽  
Block Experiment

Chemical control is the main method used to combat fall armyworm in maize crops. However, its indiscriminate use usually leads to a more complex scenario characterized by loss of its effectiveness due to the development of resistance of the insect pest, emergence of secondary pests, and reduction of the populations of natural enemies. For this reason, efforts to develop strategies for agroecological pest management such as Push–Pull are increasingly growing. In this context, the present study was carried out to evaluate field effectiveness of Push–Pull systems for S. frugiperda management in maize crops in Morelos, Mexico. In a randomized block experiment, the incidence and severity of S. frugiperda, the development and yield of maize were evaluated in nine Push–Pull systems and a maize monoculture. The Push–Pull systems presented incidence/severity values lower than those of the monoculture. Morphological development and maize yield in the latter were lower than those of most Push–Pull systems. Mombasa—D. ambrosioides, Mulato II—T. erecta, Mulato II—C. juncea, Tanzania—T. erecta and Tanzania—D. ambrosioides systems presented higher yields than those of monocultures.

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