scholarly journals In-well sediment incubators to evaluate microbial community stability and dynamics following bioimmobilization of uranium

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 73-89
Author(s):  
Brett R. Baldwin ◽  
Aaron D. Peacock ◽  
Ying-Dong Margaret Gan ◽  
C. Tom Resch ◽  
Evan Arntzen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Community Stability

Microbial Community Resilience across Ecosystems and Multiple Disturbances

2021 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent Philippot ◽  
Bryan S. Griffiths ◽  
Silke Langenheder
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Global Environmental Change ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Community Stability ◽  
Multiple Disturbances ◽  
Rates Of Change ◽  
Complex Processes ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Nonadditive Effects

SUMMARY The ability of ecosystems to withstand disturbances and maintain their functions is being increasingly tested as rates of change intensify due to climate change and other human activities. Microorganisms are crucial players underpinning ecosystem functions, and the recovery of microbial communities from disturbances is therefore a key part of the complex processes determining the fate of ecosystem functioning. However, despite global environmental change consisting of numerous pressures, it is unclear and controversial how multiple disturbances affect microbial community stability and what consequences this has for ecosystem functions. This is particularly the case for those multiple or compounded disturbances that occur more frequently than the normal recovery time. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the mechanisms that can govern the responses of microbes to multiple disturbances across aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. We first summarize and discuss properties and mechanisms that influence resilience in aquatic and soil biomes to determine whether there are generally applicable principles. Following, we focus on interactions resulting from inherent characteristics of compounded disturbances, such as the nature of the disturbance, timing, and chronology that can lead to complex and nonadditive effects that are modulating the response of microorganisms.

scholarly journals Multifactorial diversity sustains microbial community stability

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 2126-2136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oylum Erkus ◽  
Victor CL de Jager ◽  
Maciej Spus ◽  
Ingrid J van Alen-Boerrigter ◽  
Irma MH van Rijswijck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Community Stability

Effect of prophylactic dextrose gel on the neonatal gut microbiome

2021 ◽  
pp. fetalneonatal-2021-322757
Author(s):  
Sophie L St Clair ◽  
Jane E Harding ◽  
Justin M O’Sullivan ◽  
Gregory D Gamble ◽  
Jane M Alsweiler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Beta Diversity ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Community Stability ◽  
Neonatal Hypoglycaemia ◽  
Bacterial Dna ◽  
Dna Concentration ◽  
Stool Samples

ObjectiveTo determine the effect of prophylactic dextrose gel on the infant gut microbiome.DesignObservational cohort study nested in a randomised trial.SettingThree maternity hospitals in New Zealand.PatientsInfants at risk of neonatal hypoglycaemia whose parents consented to participation in the hypoglycaemia Prevention in newborns with Oral Dextrose trial (hPOD). Infants were randomised to receive prophylactic dextrose gel or placebo gel, or were not randomised and received no gel (controls). Stool samples were collected on days 1, 7 and 28.Main outcome measuresThe primary outcome was microbiome beta-diversity at 4 weeks. Secondary outcomes were beta-diversity, alpha-diversity, bacterial DNA concentration, microbial community stability and relative abundance of individual bacterial taxa at each time point.ResultsWe analysed 434 stool samples from 165 infants using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. There were no differences between groups in beta-diversity at 4 weeks (p=0.49). There were also no differences between groups in any other microbiome measures including beta-diversity (p=0.53 at day 7), alpha-diversity (p=0.46 for day 7 and week 4), bacterial DNA concentration (p=0.91), microbial community stability (p=0.52) and microbial relative abundance at genus level. There was no evidence that exposure to any dextrose gel (prophylaxis or treatment) had any effect on the microbiome. Mode of birth, type of milk fed, hospital of birth and ethnicity were all associated with differences in the neonatal microbiome.ConclusionsClinicians and consumers can be reassured that dextrose gel used for prophylaxis or treatment of neonatal hypoglycaemia does not alter the neonatal gut microbiome.Trial registration number12614001263684.

scholarly journals Review of fungal skin infections and their invasion

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayah Rebhi Hilles ◽  
Syed Mahmood ◽  
Mohd Arifin Kaderi ◽  
Ridzwan Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Skin Infections ◽  
Community Stability ◽  
Superficial Mycoses ◽  
Health And Disease

Fungi have major roles in microbial community stability, human health, and disease (Peleg et al., 2010). Genomic methodologies to identify fungal species and communities have been limited compared with those that are available for bacteria (Dollive et al., 2012). Superficial mycoses infections are prevalent worldwide. They affect around 20% of the world's population, and this percentage continues to increase (Ameen, 2010).

Microbial communities in soil macro-aggregates respire less, are more diverse and stable across successional and geographical gradients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daquan Sun ◽  
Gerrit Angst ◽  
Jan Frouz
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Microbial Respiration ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Community Stability ◽  
Community Structures ◽  
Soil Fractions

<p>The stability of soil organic carbon is empirically believed to relate to the location of soil microorganisms inside or between aggregates. However, there are knowledge gaps about how micro-niches shape the microbial community composition and activity and how these effects vary between various soils. Here, we investigate fungal and bacterial community structures (composition and biomass), networks, and respiration in individual micro-niches between and inside soil aggregates using seven different chronosequences (both primary and secondary successions covering sites from pioneer stages to well-developed ecosystems) from a maritime climate in Belgium to a more continental climate in Hungary. We show that while the sampling site is the most crucial factor in shaping microbial community structures, soil aggregates are often more important than succession age and vegetation in differentiating major microbial taxa. Soil fractions are also the dominant factor affecting microbial biomass along the individual chronosequences. Specifically, macro-aggregates often have more variable α-diversities and high microbial community stability, accompanied by low microbial respiration rates. Although the other isolated soil fractions have similar microbial diversities as macro-aggregates, they feature unstable microbial communities with a higher respiration rate. The isolated primary particles have more stable bacterial communities in secondary than primary successions. We, thus, provide a mechanism for interpreting the links between soil microsite heterogeneity, microbial community stability, and microbial respiration. </p>

scholarly journals Species sorting along a subsidy gradient alters community stability

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario E Muscarella ◽  
Stuart E Jones ◽  
Jay T Lennon
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Community Stability ◽  
Supply Rate ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Species Sorting ◽  
Terrestrial Inputs ◽  
Total Community

The movement of resources between terrestrial and aquatic habitats has strong effects on ecological processes in recipient ecosystems. Allochthonous inputs modify the quality and quantity of the available resource pool in ways that may alter the composition and stability of recipient communities. Inputs of terrestrial dissolved organic carbon (tDOC) into aquatic ecosystems represent a large influx of resources that has the potential to affect local communities, especially microorganisms. To evaluate the effects terrestrial inputs on aquatic microbial community composition and stability, we manipulated the supply rate of tDOC to a set of experimental ponds. Along the tDOC supply gradient, we measured changes in diversity and taxon-specific changes in abundance and activity. We then determined community stability by perturbing each pond using a pulse of inorganic nutrients and measuring changes in composition and activity (i.e., responsiveness) along the gradient. Terrestrial DOC supply significantly altered the composition of the active microbial community. The composition of the active bacterial community changed via decreases in richness and evenness as well as taxon-specific changes in abundance and activity indicating species sorting along the gradient. Likewise, the responsiveness of the active bacterial community decreased along the gradient, which led to a more stable active community. We did not, however, observe these changes in diversity and stability in the total community (i.e., active and inactive organisms), which suggests that tDOC supply modifies microbial community stability through functional not structural changes. Together, these results show that altered aquatic terrestrial linkages can have profound effects on the activity and stability of the base of the food web and thus can alter ecosystem functioning.

scholarly journals Marine signature taxa and core microbial community stability along latitudinal and vertical gradients in sediments of the deepest freshwater lake

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Reboul ◽  
David Moreira ◽  
Nataliia V. Annenkova ◽  
Paola Bertolino ◽  
Konstantin E. Vershinin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Freshwater Lake ◽  
Community Stability ◽  
Vertical Gradients
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