scholarly journals Intra-follicular kisspeptin levels are related to oocyte maturation and gonadal hormones in patients who are undergoing assisted reproductive technology

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 380-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuka Taniguchi ◽  
Akira Kuwahara ◽  
Ayaka Tachibana ◽  
Yuya Yano ◽  
Kiyohito Yano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Reproductive Technology ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Gonadal Hormones ◽  
Reproductive Technology

scholarly journals Peripheral action of kisspeptin at reproductive tissues—role in ovarian function and embryo implantation and relevance to assisted reproductive technology in livestock: a review

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (6) ◽  
pp. 1157-1170
Author(s):  
Michael J D’Occhio ◽  
Giuseppe Campanile ◽  
Pietro S Baruselli
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Reproductive Technology ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Reproductive Technology ◽  
Blastocyst Development ◽  
Embryo Survival ◽  
Gnrh Secretion ◽  
Reproductive Tissues

Abstract Kisspeptin (KISS1) is encoded by the KISS1 gene and was initially found to be a repressor of metastasis. Natural mutations in the KISS1 receptor gene (KISS1R) were subsequently shown to be associated with idiopathic hypothalamic hypogonadism and impaired puberty. This led to interest in the role of KISS1 in reproduction. It was established that KISS1 had a fundamental role in the control of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion. KISS1 neurons have receptors for leptin and estrogen receptor α (ERα), which places KISS1 at the gateway of metabolic (leptin) and gonadal (ERα) regulation of GnRH secretion. More recently, KISS1 has been shown to act at peripheral reproductive tissues. KISS1 and KISS1R genes are expressed in follicles (granulosa, theca, oocyte), trophoblast, and uterus. KISS1 and KISS1R proteins are found in the same tissues. KISS1 appears to have autocrine and paracrine actions in follicle and oocyte maturation, trophoblast development, and implantation and placentation. In some studies, KISS1 was beneficial to in vitro oocyte maturation and blastocyst development. The next phase of KISS1 research will explore potential benefits on embryo survival and pregnancy. This will likely involve longer-term KISS1 treatments during proestrus, early embryo development, trophoblast attachment, and implantation and pregnancy. A deeper understanding of the direct action of KISS1 at reproductive tissues could help to achieve the next step change in embryo survival and improvement in the efficiency of assisted reproductive technology.

scholarly journals Mitochondrial dynamics and interorganellar communication in the development and dysmorphism of mammalian oocytes

2019 ◽  
Vol 167 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osamu Udagawa ◽  
Naotada Ishihara
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Membrane Fusion ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technology ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Mitochondrial Dynamics ◽  
Reproductive Technology ◽  
Morphological Abnormalities ◽  
Cellular Events

Abstract Mitochondria play many critical roles in cells, not only by supplying energy, but also by supplying metabolites, buffering Ca2+ levels and regulating apoptosis. During oocyte maturation and subsequent embryo development, mitochondria change their morphology by membrane fusion and fission, and coordinately undergo multiple cellular events with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) closely apposed. Mitochondrial fusion and fission, known as mitochondrial dynamics, are regulated by family members of dynamin GTPases. Oocytes in animal models with these regulators artificially altered exhibit morphological abnormalities in nearby mitochondria and at the ER interface that are reminiscent of major cytoplasmic dysmorphisms in human assisted reproductive technology, in which a portion of mature oocytes retrieved from patients contain cytoplasmic dysmorphisms associated with mitochondria and ER abnormal morphologies. Understanding organelle morpho-homeostasis in oocytes obtained from animal models will contribute to the development of novel methods for determining oocyte health and for how to deal with dysmorphic oocytes.

The role of inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of premature labor in multiple pregnancy as a result of ART

2016 ◽  
pp. 73-76
Author(s):  
B.M. Ventskivskiy ◽  
◽  
I.V. Poladych ◽  
S.O. Avramenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Reproductive Technology ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Multiple Pregnancy ◽  
Reproductive Technology ◽  
System Level ◽  
Premature Labor ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

In recent years there has been an increase in the frequency of multiple pregnancies and the associated perinatal losses. It is a result of multiple pregnancy in ART refers to a high-risk gestation, at which premature births occur in 2 times more often than in singleton pregnancies. The objective: to determine the role of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of premature labor in multiple pregnancy, as a result of assisted reproductive technology. Patients and methods. to determine the pro-inflammatory cytokines that all pregnant with bagtopliddyam held immunosorbent assay, defined concentrations of interleukin (IL) in serum and cervical mucus. Results. The analysis of the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-8) in the test environment, found high concentrations in the surveyed women with multiple pregnancy, due to the use of ART, compared with spontaneous multiple and singleton pregnancy. Increased concentration of proinflammatory cytokines in patients with multiple pregnancy by ART is associated with their synthesis at the system level, it stimulated foci of inflammation in the female genitals and extragenital localization. This correlates with the clinical data and statistical analysis, patients with multiple pregnancy as a result of ART had weighed infectious-inflammatory history. Conclusion. The study showed that elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the systemic and local level in patients with multiple pregnancy due to ART, typical for women with miscarriage, because of the physiological course of pregnancy characterized by the predominance of anti-inflammatory cytokines that prevent rejection of the fetus as a foreign factor. Based on the data obtained proved the role of systemic inflammatory factors in the genesis of preterm labor in women with a multiple pregnancy, as a result of assisted reproductive technology. Key words: multiple pregnancy, assisted reproductive technology, premature birth, interleukine-1, interleukine-8.

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